Music Appreciation Module 2 Chp 7-12
What best describes the theme and variations form
A large instrumental work, or movement built on the statement of a theme followed by a series of variations on that theme
Explain how Celtic muis and Irish music differ by placing each characteristic with its appropriate category
Celtic: Fans are a world wide virtual community Performances often include new styles Media driven Irish: Best heard in local village pubs in Ireland Instruments include only traditional instruments such as harp and bodhran
Differentiate between the Baroque cantata and oratorio by placing each description with the appropriate category
Cantata Shorter, less complex Integral part of Lutheran worship Oratorio Longer, more complex For concert performance
Which were featured in a Romantic era opera
Drama- Scenery- Music- Poetry- Costumes-
What are the features of a minuet and trio form
Evolved into the scherzo and trio Stately dance in triple meter Usually the third movement of a four movement work
Which characteristics appear in Elisabeth Claude Jacquet de la Guerre's Le Sommell d"ulsse
Homophonic texture An instrumental prelude Basso continuo Recitatives and arias
In what form is the third movement of Beethoven's Piano Sonata no. 8 in C minor "Pathetique Sonata"
Rondo
Tchaikovsky is ______ composer
Russian
How is Beethoven both a classical and a romantic composer
His later works included feelings and expressions typical of romantic characteristics.
A new function of orchestration for Romantic era composers was the use of instruments to create _____________
Sonorities
Which statements accurately describe the nature of imitative counterpoint?
all but Because of rhythmic complexities, no words are sung in polyphony
Which description represent the life and works of Palestrina
all but He struggled to overcome the challenges of the Counter-Reformation from 1590 to 1625
Franz Joseph Haydn, a court composer for over 30 years, was one of the last great composers to work in the __________ system
aristocratic patronage
Which music examples can be instructional about early Western classical music?
chant, parts of a Roman Catholic Mass in Latin and Greek, an Anglican anthem in English, 2 secular choral pieces, and lute music
What role does the development serve in the sonata form
experimentation of prior materials
What are the sections typically found in the sonata or sonata allegro form
exposition, development, recapitulation
Arrange the main sections of sonata form in the correct order
exposition, development, recapitulation, coda
Melodies and chords during the romantic era are simple and restricted
false
Much of baroque music is monophonic with no text
false
The Classic period was a time of opulence, ornamentation, and emotional expression.
false
By the late Baroque, choruses in cantatas and oratorios were not only homophonic but also contrapuntal even
fugal
the tonality of Tosh and Marleys get up stand up is established by the
guitar lines that resolve to the minor tonic
Although notated music was universal in the Baroque era, there was nonetheless some unnoted music such as
improvising harmonies or embellishing melodies during performance
Which instrumental family was the primary instrument during the baroque era
Violin
In the mid nineteenth century, a controversy in music pitted Brahms the traditionalist against Richard ________ the revolutionary
Wagner
An important innovation in chant performance in the thirteenth century was the occasional use of: voices call and response multiple textures **instruments
instruments
In a minuet and trio movement, the trio contrasts with the minuet by having a contrasting ________ and being in a contrasting _______-
mood; key
What is absolute music
music created for its own sake
What is program music
music created to depict moods and tell stories
In the twentieth century, Mariachi music is
music for entertainment
Which are aspects of continuo music?
-Involves two instruments, keyboard and base - The keyboard player improvises harmonies indicated in the notated score
In what form is the fourth movement of Mozart's Symphony no. 39 in E flat Major?
sonata form
The most common combinations of instruments in chamber music are ____; _______ and _____________; and _______ instruments.
strings; strings and piano; wind
Which are descriptions applicable to a cadenza
Improvisatory character Virtuoso passage Free rhythm
How does the role of cadence change in Romantic music
Internal cadences became increasingly ambiguous, thus creating more sense of ongoing momentum
Why is Native American music treated as world music?
Music has a very different role in Native American society compared to American society Its music is based on completely different set of aesthetic ideas It is so different from other American music Native culture was not well assimilated into the European culture
Match each form of Romantic era instrumental music with its description
Overture - begins an opera or a ballet Incidental music - performed between acts of a production Symphonic poem - one movement work with contrasting moods Suite - orchestral arrangement of songs or dances from an opera or a ballet.
Which characteristics appear in Bach's Fugue in C minor from his Well Tempered Clavier, Book I
Polyphonic texture Subject based on a five note motive The low voice enters last
What are the functions of chant
Provide dance music for young people *Serve as a melodic basis of polyphonic music *Constitute a major body of Western music *Act as an aid to worship
The role of Native American musical development is minimal in American music, especially compared to
the role of African music in American music
Which are facts about the life of Tchaikovsky
Russian composer Briefly taught Wealthy patron
Listen to the audio clip. What is happening in this passage
The aria comes to a cadence but the instruments continue to play out the ground bass
Listen to the audio clip. What can be heard in the opening measures of this Bach fugue
The fugue them is heard alone, then an embellishing melody enters as another voice states the fugal them
Listen to the audio clip. Which description apply to this passage of Brahm's "How lovely is thy dwelling place"
The music is in romantic style in that the sonorous orchestration evokes warmth and passion A melody rises, soaring to heaven to an accompaniment in homophonic texter
What is rasa
The power of music to express feelings, thoughts, and images especially those of the seasons, hours of the day, and states of life
What constitutes American ethnic music?
The retained folk songs and dances of immigrants from all over the world
Which best defines major minor tonal system
The system of scales and keys based on the tonic and dominant
Listen to the audio clip. What characteristics can be heard in this passage from a piano trio by Fanny Mednelssohn Hensel
The tonality has changed from minor to major The instruments take the lead in the order of cello, violin, piano
Listen to the audio clip. Which description apply to this excerpt?
This is an antiphon, in that each verse has new text added at the beginning or end The final word sung is allelula
Listen to the audio clip. What can be heard in this excerpt
Two lines of poetry are repeated Predominantly homophonic texture
Which are examples of polyphonic technique?
Two or more melodies being heard at the same time Two or more melodies moving in the same, or in contrasting, rhythm
What are some of the terms for musical elements in world music?
Unusual phrase grouping Pentatonic scales vocables modes
Which describes ancient Greece's influence on Western music, from the Middle Ages
all but the standardization of musical practice, especially church music
what is fugue
an imitative contrapuntal form built on one or two themes. a compositional technique that may be used within any composition but often describes the structure of an entire piece represents the highest form of Baroque polyphonic music.
Native American non-religious music was often
borrowed from the music of other tribes and European settlers
As a result of melody's predominance in classic era music, which texture became more important
homophonic
Which two textures are present in Brahm's "How lovely is they dwelling place"
homophonic and polyphonic
Listen to the audio clip. The lead instrument in this excerpt is
the accordion
In world music, we will also study the relationship between the music and
the words
Which of the following describe Tchaikovsky's musical style
wide range of emotional expression influenced by Italian opera
The minimum number of themes needed to composes a rondo is
three
Listen to the audio clip. The role of the guitars in this piece is
to keep time
The harmony in Latin American music comes from
traditional European chords and scales
Mariachi music was originally
traditional Mexican folk music
Which statements about Chopin are true
(1810-1849) was born and educated in Poland but spent his entire professional life in Paris. virtuoso pianist but did not seek to develop an extensive concert career preferred private performances in the aristocratic salons and intimate gatherings of wealthy Parisians profoundly influenced by his lover, George Sand (her pen name). She was a feminist with whom he lived for nine years known almost exclusively for his études, preludes, waltzes, scherzos, polonaises, and nocturnes—short, one-movement piano compositions known as miniatures
Which are Handel's achievements
- A master of italian style opera - best known today for oratorios
Which are descriptive of Handel's Music for the Royal Fireworks
- Brass, woodwinds, percussion with few strings ensemble - Five movement - Two dance form movements
What are the characteristics of popular music in india?
- Cassette culture referred to distribution of popular music in cassette form - lata mangeshkar was a legendary playback singer
Which were sources of income for Mozart, who abandoned the patronage system
- Commissions to compose music - The sale of printed music through publishers - Ticket sales from concerts he performed in
What are the characteristics of a dance suite
- Main dances usually allemande, courante, sarabande, and gigue - Instrumental music for orchestra or a keyboard instrument
What are examples of contrast in Baroque music
- Voice vs instruments - Terraced dynamics - Small vs large groups of instruments - Modulation
What factors led to the rise of opera around 1600
- Word painting - Interest in homophony -Use of the recitative - Interest in greek
What descriptions apply to the Baroque-era sonata genre?
-A solo sonata required three performers -A trio sonata required four performers -A church sonata had four movements
Which are facts about the film industry in India?
-Film directors are publicized as much as the actors -Hundreds of films are produced annually -The film Industry is centered in Mumbai
Which descriptions are part of the definition of French Overture
-In two parts, the second being faster - In two parts, the first being slow - Originally an opening to an opera
Which are new musical forms or genres of the Baroque era?
-Opera and choral works - Chamber Music - Keyboard works -Multi movement orchestral works
What two relationships were strengthened by contributions of opera in the classic era
-music and drama - singer and orchestra
Match the descriptions with the corresponding characteristic of traditional Japanese music.
-narrow range- dynamics - pentatonic- scale - nonexistent- harmony - regular- rhythm - delicate- nuances of timber - little or no- improvisation
Determine which instrument are part of medieval music and which are part of Renaissance music
.Medieval harp psaltery viele Renaissance lute krummhorn harpsichord
What is true about the Irish group Solas
5 Members; Commitment to expand the traditions Acoustic quintet Perform Irish music 3 from US, 2 from Ireland Multimentralist (flute, tim whistle, low whistle, nylon-string guitar, four-string banjo, mandolin, bodhran, and uilleann pipes) 2 Button accordion 2 vocalist 8 CDs
Which are true about the life and works of Giovanni Gabrieli
A master of antiphonal music for multiple choirs and contrasting instrumental sonorities The organist -choirmaster at St Mark's Cathedral in Venice from 1585 to 1612
What is a motet?
A sacred choral work of four to six polyphonic voices with Latin text, to be sung by a trained choir
Listen to the audio clip. Which characteristic appears first?
A singer singing a verse in Gaelic
Listen to the clip. Which one of the following statements best describes what is heard in theis excerpt.
A sitar improvises on the raga Bhimpaiaisi then is joined by the tabla the sitar is the lead instrument, the tabla is the percussion instrument and the tambura is the drone instrument sita presents in free rhythm, with pitch and intended character, many slide pitch-bending alterations Enterance of the tabla creates distint pulse and more active rhythm
What is word painting
A technique of composing vocal and choral works n which the music goes to great lengths to depict the meanings emotions and images of the text
Match the element of Classic period opera with its description
Accompaniment - enhanced atmosphere Solo ensembles, choruses - enhanced the plot Orchestra - an integral part of the drama A famous example - The Magic Flute
Chordophones: Lutes, zithers, harps, fiddles The number of strings varies Usually plucked rather than bowed
Aerophones: Made of wood, ivory, reed, or animal horn May be played held in a vertical or horizontal position
Musical Influences received by Africa: Jazz soul reggae samba
African popular music known internationally: Highlife Afrobeat griot juju
Salsa is a latin style of dance music which blends
African rhythms and Spanish-influenced cuban music
What can be said about Western music?
All but Catholic music was isolated from the music of the surrounding communities in Africa, Asia, and Europe
Richard Wagner was mostly self taught as a composer. He especially studied the works of ____________
Beethoven
Match the instruments of Celtic music with their corresponding descriptions:
Bodhran - Large drum Fiddle - Orchestral violin Bouzouki - plucked string Greek origin Ullieann - bagpipe
What are the similarities and differences between Baroque concerto from a concerto grosso
Both forms featured the contrast of instruments The concerto featured a soloist and orchestra whereas a concerto grosso featured a small group of soloists and orchestra
Which are techniques for composing music in the theme and variations form
Change the tempo of the theme Dynamics Articulation the mode
Listen to the audio clip. The sequence is a form of chant with more structure in the music and words than other forms of chant. Place each characteristic with its appropriate category.
Chant generally Monophonic texture Flexible rhythm Unique to the sequence Melodic phrasing in two groups of three Text is paired lines
Listen to the audio clip. Who is the composer of this piece
Chopin
Idiophones - rattles, metal or wooden bells and gongs, shells, log drums, clay pot drums, xylophones, and mbiras Membranophones - drums with heads covered with stretched skin. played with sticks, hands or a combination of the two
Chordophones - Lutes, harps, fiddles. Number of strings and the tuning vary greatly from instrument to instrument. Most African stringed instruments are plucked rather than bowed. Aerophones - horns, trumpets and other instruments. made of wood, ivory, or animal horn, usually with no finger holes or valves. Vertical and horizontal flutes and reed instruments.
What were the Romantic attitudes toward musical form
Classical forms were used, but flexibly Music had more ongoing momentum due to fewer and less clear cadences There was less symmetry and balance than in the Classic era
Which are true the life and works of Hildegard of Bingen
Composer of religious songs Lived in Germany from 1098 to 1179 Wrote on medicine and science A nun, abbess and poet
Which is not a form of keyboard music
Concerto
Determine the correct definition for each Renaissance instrument
Consort - An ensemble of like instruments Instrumental music - Music that does not depend on a test Ricercar - modeled after the polyphonic Canzona - modeled after the madrigal or French
Which of the following is not an opera written by Mozart
Dido and Aeneas
The Celtic group Altan began with two performers in the early 1980s, and gradually added performers and their instruments to the group over the next ten years. Place the instruments originally used, or later added.
Early 1980s: flute singer fiddle Mid-1980s second flute couzouki guitar
Match the events in Beethoven's life with the period of his life when they took place
Early period - became established as a great composer in Vienna Middle period - Composed many famous works Final years - he became totally deaf, he produced fewer but intensely serious and personal works.
What are some of the common characteristics of Latin American music
European major and minor scales are the primary tonalities It is simple and repetitive Phrases are precise and regularly spaced Melodies are limited in range
What would a native American song sound like?
Everything but there would be no dancing and the audience would remain silent until the end of the performance
Drums - the most common Singing - an important as playing
Fiddles - has one string Mbrias - have eight to thirty metal reeds
Listen to the audio clip. Pay careful attention to the pause that comes in about midway. What is the difference between what is heard before and what is heard after the pause?
First, the galliard theme is heard, coming to a cadence. Then the theme is heard again, embellished with triplet figures that create a lively dance.
Place each eastern European instrument in its appropriate category
Folk Instrument: bagpipe cimbalom double recorder Factory-Made: Button accordion Fiddle Flutes
Think of the use of modulation in the music of the Classic period, match each term with the resulting description caused by the modulation
Form: Section in Tonic - Section B and Section C Instability - leads to the introduction of new keys Unity - possible greater variety Tonal Resolution - return to the tonic key
Which influenced the development of the art song, or lied in the romantic era
Freer use of strophic form, so that music could change from verse to verse The advent of German Romantic poetry by Johann Wolfgang Goethe and others
Which instruments were common in secular music of the Baroque era
Harpsichord Organ Lute
Listen to the audio clip. Which of these three statements can be heard first?
Homophonic texture with a few imitative entries, brass sonority, forte and a high trumpet. This section ends on a clear cadence.
For which performers was Bach's Cantata No 140 Parts I and VII written
Instrumental introduction and polyphonic setting of the chorale tune Final chorus—stately chorale setting The cantata was written for four-part choir: soprano, alto, tenor, and bass The instrumentation specified was horn, two oboes, taille (alto oboe), violino piccolo (small violin), two violins, viola, and continuo (cello, bassoon, and organ). In this Listening Guide, part I of the cantata, a polyphonic setting of the chorale tune, and part VII, the chorale, are presented in reverse order so that the chorale setting may be heard first.
Which are facts about the life and works of Josquin des Prez
Lived from 1440 to 1521 Court musician and composer in Italy Composed 18 masses, 100 motets, 70 chansons
Place such name or description with its appropriate category to show your understanding of music during the Reformation
Lutheranism Begun by Martin Luther Began in 1517 Calvinism Used rhymed, metrical translation of the Psalms Noted for Psalters: the French Psalter Angilcanism Began as the church of England Used the anthem, a motet with words in English Reformation Reform movement in the Roman Catholic church Exemplified by the music of Palestrina Sought to make liturgical music more dignified Sought to make sung texts easier to understand for the listener
Determine which items belong in each portion of the Mass service
Mass Ordinary Credo Gloria Agnus Dei Kyrie Sanctus Mass Proper Determined by the season of the church year Determined by the event commemorated in the Mass Proper movements vary throughout the year
Which are important genres of choral music in the Renaissance
Mass, the motet and the madrigal
Match the characteristic of Chopin's style of composing with its musical category
Melody - elaborate, decorative Harmony - dissonances, unusual modulations Rhythm - flexible beat known as rubato
Place each description with its appropriate texture category
Monophonic Single, melodic line and no accompaniment or other or vertical sounds. Single line can occur in octaves and is still considered one sound. Polyphonic Music consisting of 2 or more melodies sounding at the same time, having equal emphasis but not necessarily starting and stopping at the same time. Horizontal writing; each line is an equal separate line of melody. Homophonic Consists of one predominant melody in foreground, supported by a harmonic or chordal accompaniment in background. Almost all popular music, folk music, and recent religious music.
Arrange the statements recounting the development of Western music from the Middle Ages to the Renaissance in chronological order from earliest to latest
Monophonic chant began to serve as the basis of more complex compositions The voice lines in polyphony came to be of equal importance Composers begin writing imitative counterpoint within the polyphonic voice lines. The growing complexity of polyphonic music made it difficult to understand the words being sung Composers began to think of their polyphony as vertical sounds.
Which are characteristics of the musical works of Josquin des Prez
NOT The church was the center of the arts **His motets bore a humanistic attitude achieved by using a variety of texts, flowing melodies, rich harmonies, and freer rhythms **His motets transcended the limits of known music by combining polyphonic techniques with emotional expression **The motet form offered more opportunities for experimentation than the Mass He did extensive experimenting in rhythms and harmonies for the Mass, as well as the use of texts in various languages.
Arrange the events in the development of Western secular music in chronological order from earliest to latest
Oral tradition Songs and dances Liturgical dramas outside of church More types of instrumental genres
Classify each of Tchalkovshy's masterpieces with its form or genre
Orchestra Six symphonies 1812 Overture Overture-Fantasia Romeo and Juliet Orchestra and Solo Instrument Violin Concerto Piano Concertos Ballet Swan Lake Sleeping Beauty The Nutcracker
What are the contributions to Catholic liturgy by Pope Gregory I?
Organized the chant repertoire Organized the liturgical year
Arrange the events in the history of the Celtic group Clannad in chronological order from earliest to latest:
Performed in family owned bar 1980s radio and recordings and concerts success began using electronic effects Bono sang a duet with Maire on a track that charted in 1986 and 1989 Recorded theme songs Won a Grammy
Listen to the audio clip. What is the order of musical events heard in the recording of this passage of Jacquet de la Guerre's cantata
Prelude for orchestra Pecitatif aria: "Air de Mer"
Which are facts about Franz Schubert
Prolific composer; wrote over 300 works before age 20 Beset by illness and poverty throughout his short life
What are features of the madrigal
Renaissance vocal chamber music Secular texts about love Combination of medieval modes
What characterizes the recapitulation in a sonata form
Return to stability
What enduring qualities does romantic music have
Romantic music expresses emotions well Romantic music is familiar and generally easy to listen to Repeated hearings reveal new subtleties and insights
What instruments are found in the sankyoku ensemble of Japan
Shakuhachi, koto, shamisen
Listen to the audio clip.What are the general characteristics of the second movement of a Baroque concerto
Slow Tempo A walking bass Embellished melodic lines
What are the two main types of miniatures in Romantic era music
Solo song with piano accompaniment Short character pieces for solo piano
Distinguish between the parts of an opera sung by the singers or chorus and the parts played by an orchestra
Sung portions of an opera arias, recitatives, solo ensembles, choruses, and orchestral accompaniment Opera portions played by an orchestra the overture, preludes to acts, any incidental music, and the accompaniments of singers and dancers.
a nineteenth century composer who composed the music for several endearingly popular ballets was _______--
Tchalkovsky
The music of the Chicano subculture is called
Tex-Mex music
Match each characteristic of Romantic music with its category
Texture - Homophonic often to support an expressive Melody - Lyrical folk like dramatic and other passionate expressions Tonality - Increasing chromaticism and dissonance leading to tonal obscurity Rhythm - Increasing use of polyrhythm, syncopation, change of tempos
Listen to the audio clip. It includes part of Gloris from Palestrina's Missa Benedicta es, and a passage of the Agnus Dei from that Mass, at the words Qui tollis peccata mundi. Which statements describe the contrasts between these two selections?
The Gloria has rhythmic activity in all voices. The qui tollis is calm due to less rhythmic The Gloria has imitative entries in all voices. The Qui tollis has a slower rate of vocal entries
Which descriptions apply to the church modes in the Middle Ages and in modern times?
The basis of Western music for over a millennium Older than the major minor system Heard today in Jazz and folk music
Which events occurred as the motet because increasingly popular in western Europe
The cantus firmus might be only a fragment of an existing chant or secular song The cantus firmus was taken from popular music as well as chant
The influence of the American music tradition can be seen in world music in
The combining of American popular music sounds with the traditional sounds of another culture
What are characteristics or landmarks of music in the Baroque era
The early development of opera Virtuoso performers of instruments Establishment of the major minor tonal system
What are the 3 aspects of music found in almost all musical traditions
The functions Performance practices The relationship between performer and audience
Which of these events occurred in the history of Medieval and Renaissance music
The reformation ushered in congregational singing and choral music in the vernacular Chant with one, then two or more additional melodic lines Advent of printed music composed by named composers
Listen to the audio clip of this Anglican anthem. What can be heard in this passage?
The text is English A clear cadence Imitative entries A cappella
Listen to the audio clip. Pay close attention to the theme as well as other components of the music. What can be heard in this passage from Haydn's String Quartet in C Major
The theme is in moderate tempo with faster embellishments This music is for two voices, performed by two violins
Listen to the audio clip. What are characteristics of chant heard in this recording? Identify the musical characteristics of the chant, particularly its melodic shape, texture, and rhythm.Page 191 Recognize monophonic texture and then the two-part textures that start in unison, move away in parallel motion typically at intervals as wide as a fifth, then return to a unison ending. Recognize the relationship of music to words, noticing especially the phrasing and accents and when the treatment of the words is melismatic or syllabic. Notice the phrasing, which occasionally ends in the middle of a word, typically eleison. Kyrie eleison Greek
The words heard in the recording are Kyrie elesion The letters ri-e are sung to long, florid melismas
In what form is the second movement of Haydn's String Quartet in C major, the "Emperor Quartet"?
Theme and variations
Listen to the audio clip. There are two passages, the first from Movement VII, and a second from Movement I of Bach's Cantata No 140. Compare what is happening in the second passage Movement I to the first passage
There are counter-melodies in the second passage The orchestra participates equally with the embellishing vocal lines in the second passage The length of each melody note is longer than it was in the first passage.
Listen to the audio clip. Why does the trumpet seem to be playing the same melodic motive higher and higher then gradually lower
There is a sequence consisting of a descending melodic pattern The tonality of the music is modulation to higher and lower keys
Listen to the audio clip. What can be heard in this passage from Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No 2 in C Minor
This excerpt from one of the most popular concertos of the Romantic period provides an example of the virtuosity of many nineteenth-century solo performers, particularly pianists. This example represents only a part of the first movement of this concerto, which has two other movements. (The total time of the first movement is approximately 10 minutes; the entire concerto lasts approximately 33 minutes.) Traditionally, the orchestra begins a concerto—in effect, introducing the pianist. This concerto begins with the piano. 0:00 Introduction—piano only—slow; brooding yet gentle—strength increases 0:22 Piano increases the speed of the notes, then orchestra enters; piano in the background 1:45 Piano in the foreground—lyrical melody 2:00 Contrasting section in virtuosic style—piano flourishes—pounding 2:26 Lyrical melody enters—expressive, much rubato (flexible rhythm) 3:58 Oboe lead, then piano (fade)
Match each form of Baroque single movement keyboard music with its description
Toccata - Improvisetory perhaps a contrapuntal variations Fantasia - Complex work perhaps a series of contrapuntal variations Fugue - Contrapuntal technique used in part of or an entire composition Prelude - Same description as Toccata Choral prelude - Based on a chorale Passacaglia - Based on a ground bass
Match each musical term with its description of how it was used in the Classic period.
Tonality - Derived from Baroque Chord progressions - Revolved around tonic Dissonances - Continued to require resolution
Match each description of characteristics heard in Romantic music with its musical category
Tonality - diatonic and consonant melody and harmony Harmony - Tension and resolution through chromaticism Tempos - Frequent use of rubato and changes of speed Structure - Many forms, achieved by contrasts of tonality, modality Devices in composing - Use of arpeggios, tremolos, sequences
Which are examples of polyphonic technique
Two or more melodies moving in the same, or in contrasting, rhythm Two of more melodies being heard at the same time
What is modulation
a change of tonality from the tonic to a key of instability
Listen to the audio clip. In this excerpt the bass line outlines
a closed cadence
Listen to the audio clip. The music in this excerpt is played by small band known as
a conjunto
What is melismatic singing
a single syllable in the text is sung to several notes
What can be said about early Western music?
all but Catholic music was isolated from the music of the surrounding communities in Africa, Asia, and Europe
What is the function of the coda section
building up to and creating anticipation of the final cadence.
An important development in music notation was that the name of the ______ was put on the score, near the title.
composer
Which of the following statements describes medieval chant? conjunction motion, small range syllabic or melismatic text setting oriental, mystical quality Florid background harmony Based on the church modes
conjunction motion, small range syllabic or melismatic text setting oriental, mystical quality Based on the church modes
The meter changes from which meter to which new meter in "Paajaro Campana"?
duple meter to triple meter
In which occasions of Indonesian social life is the gamelan commonly heard
everything but formal concerts
Which of the statements presented are correct definitions of kabuki music?
everything but kabuki has limited appeal so the theaters are very small
which are characteristics of klezmer music and its performers
everything but only played sacred music in town halls
What are the functions of the tala in classical Indian music?
everything but organize internal subdivisions as dictated by the tala
What is gamelan music
everything but performed from music notation
In what way is Brahms a classicist
formal organization full and massive, writing little program music except for his songs and choral works
What does a symphony feature
four movements Tone colors of all orchestral instruments String quartet Full orchestra
What purpose did music have in Native American society
it accompanied rituals and ceremonies
Rachmaninoff's piano concerto no 2 in c minor features ______ of the pianist
left hand tech cadence rubato virtuosity
Franz Schubert is a famous composer of the _______ or art song
lieder
How did Verdi's later operas differ from his earlier ones
more drama and spectacle, richer harmonies
Richard Wagner preferred that his works be referred to as ________ _________ rather than operas, because his works were symphonic in nature
music drama
Which are examples of experimentation in the composition of Renaissance madrigals
not Embraced Venetian not Devotion to religious figures
Listen to the audio clip. What characteristics of the madrigal can be heard
not Written in a music instruction book by Morley
Which are characteristics of the sonata genre in the classic period
one or two instruments solo piano two instruments are usually written for an orchestral instrument and piano; violin sonatas most common works for solo instrument with piano
Grand opera has many singers, elaborate scenery, and complex plots. In contrast, comic opera and ________ are often satirical and have spoken dialog
operettas
early recordings of traditional folk music from Europe provided immigrants with
recordings of their native folk music performed by trained musicians
World music can refer to music from distant, non-western exotic cultures but can also
refer to music from diverse cultures within our own society
An important dissonant chord in Classic era music is the dominant seventh chord. Because of its dissonance, it required __________
resolution
What is a miniature
small scale compositions
Although the Baroque orchestra had essentially the same instruments as the modern orchestra they were ________ and could not play as ____________.
smaller, loud
Which are examples of the role of notation in music
system of visual symbols developed to reinforce the singer's memory of a chant melody learned from oral tradition specify pitches so chant melodies would be uniform throughout far-flung great aid in teaching polyphonic music To serve as an aid for memorizing music To illustrate complex musical textures, such as polyphony To inform musicians how to perform music they have never heard To specify pitches in a musical work
Modulation created a preference for ________ or A-B-A form, in which Section A is in the tonic key, section B is in a contrasting key, ,and Section A returns in the tonic key.
ternary
Schubert wrote many lieder and is considered a master of ____ settings
text
Most Native American music was lost when the
tribes were destroyed by the rapacious expansion of the European colonies
What are the social setting and role of music in Sub-Saharan Africa?
v
the musical heritage of eastern Europe is rich because musical traditions
vary from one country to the next
How many works did Schubert wrote before he turned 19
143
Which are descriptions of Mendelssohn's life
Acquainted with prominent people Widely traveled and well educated Widely famous, especially in England
Haydn's music is both traditional and innovative. Determine which aspects of his traditional style contracts with his innovative ones
Built on the Baroque past - but incorporated emerging romantic impulses Composed in logical and coherent forms - but he championed new forms Used folk songs and old dance forms - but used modulation for dramatic power
Which composer is known for his miniatures piano works
Chopin
For which forms and genres is Handel known to compose
Concerto grossos and oratorios
The creators of the Cajun music of southern Louisiana were originally
French refugees from Acadia in Nova Scotia
Match the performers and performing groups with their respective musical styles and instruments
Gheorghe Zamfir - panpipes Bulgarian Radio Women's Choir - Ivo Papasov - the Bulgarian jazz clarinetist, who, with his orchestra, performs Bulgarian folk dances, especially wedding music Marta Sebestyen - Hungary's leading folksinger, who is a popular táncház (dance house) artist Tanchaz bands - traditional village dancing place—is a movement that began in the 1970s in reaction to state-controlled "traditional" music
The culture of India extends beyond music in America. Which additional areas are most familiar to Americans, especially since 1960?
Housewares, religion, philosophy
Which texture rose to prominence during the Baroque period
Homophony
What is a mbira instrument
It is constructed of resonating box with metal reeds that are plucked
Thinking of such four-movement works as sonata and symphony, match each movement number to its description
Movement I - Sonata form in fast tempo Movement II - Theme and variations form or aba form; slow tempo Movement III - Minuet and trio; later Movement IV - Rondo or other form, in fast tempo
Which of these composers is not from the baroque era
Mozart
Which groupings show the correct match-ups of a region with its art music?
North India - Hindustani music South India - Karnatic music
What are characteristics of the motet
Not Instruments were never used and Words were only in the vernacular
Which players are typically involved in a baroque era sonata genres
One to two solo instruments with continuo
Giuseppe Verdi is a national composer of Italian
Operas
Which describe polychoral motets in the Renaissance
The most important composer of polychoral motets was Giovanni Gabrielli, choirmaster of St. Mark's Catherdral in Venice, Italy Polychoral motets utilized the architectural space inside St. Mark's Catherdral, Venice, to place the musicians for antiphonal music
Which are characteristics of the concerto in the Classic period
The movements are comparable to the first, second, and fourth There is a cadenza A solo instrument plays with an orchestra
Place each biographical piece with the time and place in Bach's career whhere it applies
Weimar Court organist Composed his most important organ music Cothen Chapelmaster Director of chamber music Leipzig Cantor of St Thomas' Church Composed monumental choral works
When did Bach compose his most significant organ music
When he was musician to the duke of Weimar
Take a look at the Image. there are performers on the main stage level and on an upper level at the back of the stage. identify the various performers in this scene.
all but The performers on the left side fo the main stage in black costumes are the geza
Listen to the audio clip. What can be heard in this recording
all but a florid, earthy voiced singer
Study the musical examples shown of the medieval chant notation and its transcription into modern notation. Which descriptions apply to these notations?
all but rhythm is based on Pythagoras
When discussing the polyphony of Palestrina, ________ refers to the end of a phrase.
cadences
Vocable patterns
can identify a specific song or type of song
Mendelssohn's ____________ spirit is reflected in his orderly, graceful form and expression. His romantic spirit is reflected in his expressive and sentimental melodies
classic
How did Beethoven differ from other classical composers
creating works that are models of subjective feeling and personal expression.
________ refers to music that grows louder; ____________ refers to music that becomes softer.
crescendo; decrescendo
What is true about Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel's musical career
discouraged from performing publicly or publishing her compositions
For which instrument did Clara Schumann write
piano
The purpose of the ________ and aria in opera is to carry the dramatic action forward.
recitative
In what form is Schubert's "An Silvia"
strophic
Listen to the audio clip. What is the genre of this excerpt
symphonic poem
What differentiates a concerto from a concerto grosso
the number of soloists
What is the libretto in opera
the text
What is opera buffa
type of comic opera
What instruments would you expect to hear in a piece of Latin American music?
- Reed flutes, ocarinas, and panpipes - Drums, marimbas, castanets, and maracas - jaranas lutes and harps
What influences on music in South America, Mexico, and Caribbean came primary from Europe
- The use of European styles of art music - The music of the Christian Church
What were the reasons that people came to the united states?
- To escape political or religious persecution - for hopes of a new and better life - for the adventure of something new and different - to flee the rapidly changing societies in their homeland
in places where the government attempts to control traditional and popular music (as has often happened in eastern Europe) what methods of favoring approved music are available
- Tours -Recordings
What are the instruments of the zydeco band
- electric guitar and electric base - accordion - drums - wash or rub board
What are the functions of the raga in classical indian music
- it serves as the pitch organization for a performance - it is an established melodic pattern, and is not the same as a western scale
If a style of music had been influenced by the music of North Africa, primarily derived from Asia musical sounds, what features might this style of music have?
- less use of drums playing strong rhythms - delicate melody with ornamentation
which of the following statements describes a koto
- may include slides, scrapes, striking a string, and other effects - a large 13-stringed instrument
what factors caused the decline of the traditional music in eastern Europe
- migration - urbanization - industrialization
When listening to a performance based on the raga bhimpalasi, what might the listener hear
- the character and mood of the raga - the combined sounds of sitar, tabla, and tambura - alternating passages of free rhythm and rhythm that adheres to the tala - Melodic embellishments performed by the sitar, including slides and bowing
Which describe membranophones in the music of sub-Saharan Africa?
-A drummer exercises skill in striking the drumhead, using fingers, thumbs, and the heel of the hand - Membranophones may have stretched skin at both ends
Which instruments and performers are part of gamelan music?
-Dancers - Singers - Metal mallet instruments - drums - gongs
Which important events occurred in the career of The Chieftains?
-Subject of the file The Chieftains in China -Won their first Grammy award -Recorded a one time album for Claddagh Records
What attitudes toward music are held by young people in sub-Saharan Africa today?
-Young people are not much interested in traditional African music - Popular music from the west, particularly America, is favored by young Africans - popular music that blends African traditional music with western popular music
Many instruments of sub-Saharan Africa are comparable to instruments in the Western symphony orchestra
-fiddle - violin -mbira - piano -drums of varying sizes - tympani - flute - flute -flute vertical - clarinet -rattle - triangle
The popular songs, " The Girl from Ipanema", is an example of
Brazillian Bossa Nova
what types of music can be found in India?
Film music, music for religious ceremonies, work songs popular dance and film music, music for religion and rituals, and both classical and traditional
Which best describes the role of jewish music in various surrounding cultures
Jewish musicians preserve their own traditions and also assimilate into the host culture
Place each descriptive phrase in the category of kroncong music or dangdut music, as appropriate
Kroncong old generations indonesian films ukulele type istrument patriotism respectable, national popular music pop in 20th cent film Dangdut emerged in 1970 blend of music fom india, indonesiaa and West youth Muslim dancing, films, religious, protest
Listen to the audio clip. Which can be said about the rhythm in this performance?
all but There is no rhythm
Listen. What key characteristics of the gamelan music can be heard?
all but tabla playing 2+3+2+4 rhythm
For working class Chicanos, Tex-Mex music is
an expression of their ethnic identity
Which describe or are part of gagaku (Japanese Imperial court music)?
The sho, with 17 small pipes The hichiriki, a double-reed instrument Static, little forward movement
What changes are taking place in sub-Saharan African music
everything but rhythm is losing its dominance in African music today as singing becomes increasingly earthy
What are common features of folk music in Japan, despite the distinctive styles represented by its many islands?
everything but trumpets and drums
The indigenous peoples and mestizos learned the European classical traditions
from catholic missionaries who taught them gregorian chant and renaissance polyphony
What is gagaku
gagaku is the music of the Japanese imperial court.
In the classical music of India, Harmony is the result of ____ between multiple melodic instruments rather than a conscious effort to use ______ progressions.
interaction, chord
two genres of popular music in indonesia are __________ and ____________
kroncong, dangdut
as one could expect from the emphasis on ________ classical music in Japanese schools and universities, tokyo offers an abundance of music in classical and popular genres from Europe and America
Western
Place each of the six descriptions of Celtic music with its correct category.
What is Celtic Music: -A diversified for of international popular music -Derived from traditional music of Ireland, Scotland, and Wales -Derived from traditional music of small regions of France and Spain What is NOT: -Music based on written form (notation) -A stable, well-preserved tradition -Authentic music of the Celtic people
In karnatic classical music, the _____ is a chordophone commonly used for playing the lead, and a common membranophone is the ______
vina, mridangam
The rhythmic pulse of native american music was
normally very simple
Whereas a western classical composer performer experiments, the Japanese classical performer manipulates traditional music elements and seeks to ________________ traditions
preserve
Because of its theatrical nature, japanese music should be ______as well as heard
seen
which one of these traditional japanese instruments is an end-blown flute
shakuhachi
Which one of the following traditional Japanese instruments has three strings and is used in kabuki, sankyoko, and folk music?
shamisen
Listen to the audio clip. The rhythm of the voices and the rhythm of the drums are
synchronized with the same underlying beat
The vernacular music of latin american comes from the culture of
the mestizo people of Spanish and indian descent
Where can you hear Native American music today?
At public inter-tribal ceremonies and powwows
Listen What sequence of performers is heard in this excerpt
Instruments solo choir
What defines the art of music of India?
Research, ancient traditions, and a well founded theoretical system
Listen to the audio clip. Determine whether each characteristic listed is describes the singing or the kato
Singing: melodic notes in high register slides nasal timbre speech rhythms Koto: plucked timbre steady beat ostinato
What traits of world music are different than those used in western music
The use of gapped scales like pentatonic scale Complex rhythms not based on symmetrical meters used in the west Music where harmony is not important The concept of functional music which is not entertainment or fine art
The two styles that led to reggae are
ska and rocksteady
bob marley became a reggae superstar due in part to
the developing of jamaican recording industry and distribution networks
listen to the audio clip. The keyboard and the horns can be heard playing harmony. What is the role of such harmony in this song?
the harmony adds color to the overall sound
