Music Appreciation Pt. 2 & Pt. 3

Madrigal came in

1588

Each section in the Kyrie repeats

3 times

Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. Wrote large amount of music including sacred and secular vocal music, music for mixed groups of voices and instruments.

Andrea Gabrieli

A term used by musical theorists to describe the profound stylistic changes of Italian and French music in the fourteenth century

Ars nova (new art)

Which of the following is not a part of the mass ordinary: Ave Maria, Gloria, Kyrie, or Credo

Ave Maria

A chant used as the basis of a polyphonic composition is known as

Cantus firmus

Josquin Desprez was a contemporary of

Christopher Columbus

Scales containing seven tones with an eighth tone duplicating the first an octave higher, but with patterns of whole and half steps different from major and minor scales; used in medieval, Renaissance, and twentieth-century music and in folk music

Church modes

Long, sustained tone or tones accompanying a melody

Drone

True or False? Josquin spent most of his life in the province of Hainaut, today part of Belgium

False

From Venice, was the most important Venetian composer of the late Renaissance and was an organist. His compositions included the organ and instrumental ensemble works and polychoral motets. Known for specifying dynamics and instrumentation in his pieces

Giovanni Gabrieli

This composer devoted himself to music for the Catholic church, including that of music director for St. Peter's. His work is best understood against the background of the Counter-Reformation. His most famous mass is the Pope Marcellus Mass

Giovanni Palestrina

Kyrie is in what language

Greek

Was the first composer to be a Renaissance, first to start writing for four voices, and did both sacred and secular music

Guillaume Dufay

The foremost composer of fourteenth-century France was

Guillaume de Machaut

The Renaissance madrigal began around 1520 in

Italy

The most famous composer of masses in Europe in the late 15th century. Wrote mainly sacred music

Jacob Obrecht

Was the most famous composer of the Franco-Flemish School in the last half of the 15th century. He was also an honored singer, choirmaster, and teacher.

Johannes Ockeghem

The leading English composer of lute songs was

John Dowland

The leading English composer of lute songs, a virtuoso performer on the lute famous through out Europe, and his popular piece was Flow My Tears

John Dowland

The most important, best, influential composer who wrote sacred and secular music, had an international career, served duke's private chapels and in the papal choir at Rome, and influenced Martin Luther. Four voice motet: Ave Maria

Josquin Desprez

The five ordinaries are:

Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, & Agnus Dei

This composer was blind, played the organ, and was known for ballata music

Lanidi

Roman Catholic church texts that remain the same from day to day throughout most of the year: Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, and Agnus Dei

Mass ordinary

Gregorian chant is a

Monophonic texture

This composer was part of the late Renaissance, most famous and influential musician in Europe at the end of the 16th century. He wrote over 2,000 works in all Latin, French, Italian, and German

Orlando Lasso

First music publisher in the world and wrote most ceremonial music

Ottaviano Petrucci

The center of polyphonic music or Ars of Nova in Europe after 1150 was

Paris

Developed in France, tells a longer story

Program madrigal

The madrigal anthology, The Triumphes of Oriana, was written in honor of

Queen Elizabeth I.

Term used to describe the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries in Europe, a period of geographic exploration and adventure as well as intellectual curiosity and individualism.

Renaissance

Palestrina's career centered in

Rome

Song piece by Tallis and contains 40 voices

Spem in Allium

The focal point for music in Venice was

St. Mark's Cathedral

The focal point of music in Venice was

St. Mark's Cathedral

A collection of of over 300 dance tunes arranged for instrumental ensemble by Michael Praetorius

Terpsichore

This composers style encompassed the simple Reformation service music. One of the first composers to provide settings of the English liturgy & did keyboard music

Thomas Tallis

One of the first madrigalists, an organist, and church composer. Known for As Vesta Was Descending

Thomas Weelkes

This type of choral music contained parts written exclusively for instruments, close to an early baroque style, and had a tendency toward homphonic texture, rather than polyphonic texture

Venetian choral music

Composers of sixteenth-and early seventeenth-century Venice who-inspired by the two widely separated choir lofts of St. Mark's Cathedral-often wrote music for several choruses and groups of instruments.

Venetian school

The music directors and organists at St. Mark's such as Adrian Willaret, Andrea Gabrieli, amd Giovanni Gabrieli were among the finest composers of the Renaissance. They and their colleagues are called

Venetian school

The ars nova, or new art, of the fourteenth century differed from older music in that

a new system of notation permitted composers to specify almost any rhythmic pattern

Leonin and Perotin are notable because they

are the first important composers known by name, indicated definite time values and a clearly defined meter in their music, and were the leaders of the school of Notre Dame

More strophic, more repetative, & Francesco Landini's Eco la primavera (Spring has come) is in the poetic and musical form of a

ballata

In the recording of the medieval estampie, the melody line is played on a rebec, a

bowed string instrument

without instrumental accompaniment/unaccompanied choral music

cappella

Unlike most Renaissance choral music, Venetian choral music of the late sixteenth century often

contained parts written exclusively for instruments

Major/Minor scale, Greek origin, ex: dorian, & lydian

contemporary music

Upper note moves up a step and the lower note moves down a step; opposites

contrary

wooden instruments with cup-shaped mouth piece

cornetts

Much of the instrumental music composed during the Renaissance was intended for

dancing

An attempt was made to purify Catholic church music as a result of the

deliberations of the Council of Trent

Type of dance music, unknown to who wrote it

estampie

True or False? In the sixteenth century, Venice was part of the Papal states on the northeastern coast of Italy.

false

The dominant intellectual movement of the Renaissance, focusing on human life and its accomplishments was called

humanism

How are motets organized?

imitated pairs or imitated duets followed by unison/homophonic

Secular music in the fourteenth century

included drinking songs and pieces in which bird calls, dog barks, and hunting shouts were imitated

Palestrina's Pope Marcellus Mass sounds fuller than Josquin's Ave Maria because

it is set for six voices instead of four

Three lines of music, bottom line contains the cantus firmus, and there is a slow moving line at the bottom and faster lines above; chant is at the bottom line as well

late medieval motet

In Christmas carols, the reference was in ___ and was repeated. Then the verse was _____

latin, vernacular

Church modes are

like the major and minor scales in that they consist of seven tones and an eighth tone that duplicates the first an octave higher

Most of the French secular songs of the Middle Ages dealt with

love

A versatile plucked string instrument with a body shaped like half pear, popular during the Renaissance, was the

lute

An important kind of secular vocal music during the Renaissance was the ____, a piece for several solo voices set to a short poem, usually about love. Combines homophonic & polyphonic textures, uses word painting, and unusual harmonies more often

madrigal

A lot of syllables for notes

melismatic chant

The ____ began to create symbols for notes, began to use the alphabet system, and created lines for accuracy

monks

The first steps toward the development of polyphony were taken sometime between 700 and 900, when

monks in monastery choirs began to add a second melodic line to Gregorian chant

Sacred music, not part of the mass, and a polyphonic choral work set to a scared Latin text other than the ordinary of the mass

motet

A polychoral motet is a

motet for two or more choirs, often including groups of instruments

The development of the English madrigal can be traced to 1588 and considered a result

of the publication in London of a volume of translated Italian madrigals

Medieval music that consists of Gregorian chant and one or more additional melodic lines is called

organum

Notes move same position at the same time

parallel

Organum has two parts:

parallel & contrary

The ____ is a stately dance in duple meter similar to the pavanne

passamezzo

Court dances were often performed in pairs, favorite pair was stately ___ or ____, in duple meter, and the lively ___, in triple meter

pavane, passamezzo, galliard

The wandering minstrels, or jongleurs, of the Middle Ages

performed music and acrobatics in castles, taverns, and town squares

During the Renaissance every educated person was expected to

play an instrument, dance, and read musical notation

Motets for two or more choirs, often including groups of instruments

polychoral motets

The texture of Renaissance music is chiefly

polyphonic

This instrument has strings across, played with fingers or wooden hammers, and popular in eastern Europe

psaltery

This instrument looks like a giant spoon, 3 strings across, and uses the bow upside down

rebec

an early flute

recorder

small organs with reed pipes

regals

The notation of the secular songs of the Middle Ages does not indicate

rhythm

early trombones

sackbutts

This type of music is more for entertaining. Popular genres: dance, love, stories of the crusades, and spinning songs

secular music

a double-reed ancestor of the oboe

shawm

The Notre Dame Mass by Guillaume de Machaut was

the first polyphonic treatment of the mass ordinary by a known composer

Renaissance melodies are usually easy to sing because

the melody usually movies along a scale with few large leaps

The first large body of secular songs that survives in decipherable notation was composed during

the twelfth and thirteenth centuries by French nobles called troubadours and trouveres

The reason Renaissance music sounds fuller than Medieval music is because

there is more emphasis on the bass line

St. Mark's Cathedral in Venice was noted for its

two widely separated choir lofts

Imitated pairs are followed by

unison/homophonic

Giovanni Gabrieli's Plaudite

uses a low choir, middle choir, and high choir

bowed string instrument s

viols

Gregorian chant is named after Pope Gregory I, who

was credited by medieval legend with having created it, over many centuries

Hildegard of Bingen

was the first woman composer to leave a large number of works that have survived

These people were on the lowest social scale, street musicians, and acted like a newspaper; went to town to town telling stories by singing

wondering minstrels

The musical representation of specific poetic images-for example, a falling melodic line to accompany the word, descending-often found in Renaissance and baroqye music, was known as

word painting

Thomas Weelkes's, As Vesta was Descending, is notable for its

word painting