Music In Theory and Practice Vol. 1, Chapter 1, Topics

Ace your homework & exams now with Quizwiz!

Alto Clef

A C clef or "movable" clef. The indentation in the signature signifies that middle C is on the middle line of the staff.

Tenor Clef

A C or movable clef. The indentation in the sign signifies that middle C is on the fourth line of the staff.

Beat

The fundamental unit of rhythm

Pulse

The fundamental unit of rhythm

Tie

a curved line that connects two adjacent notes of the same pitch into a single sound with a duration equal to the sum of both note values.

Sixty-Fourth Note

a filled-in oval note with a straight stem with four flags.

Eighth Note

a filled-in oval note with a straight stem with one flag.

Thirty-Second Note

a filled-in oval note with a straight stem with three flags.

Sixteenth Note

a filled-in oval note with a straight stem with two flags.

Quarter Note

a filled-in oval note with a straight, flagless stem.

Whole Rest

a filled-in rectangle hanging under the fourth line of a musical staff.

Breve Rest

a filled-in rectangle occupying the whole vertical space between the third and fourth lines of the musical staff.

Half Rest

a filled-in rectangle sitting on top of the middle line of the musical staff.

Half-Step Motion

a flatted note is followed most often by a note with a different letter name a half step lower. A sharped note is followed most often by a note with a different letter name a half step higher.

Rhythm

a general term used to describe the motion of music in time.

Half Note

a hollow oval note head with a straight, flagless stem.

Whole Note

a hollow oval note head with no stem

Breve

a hollow oval note head with two vertical lines on either side

Quadruple Meter

four basic pulses

Crescendo

gradually become louder

Decrescendo

gradually become softer

Diminuendo

gradually become softer

Eighth Rest

a small number "7" with a filled-in circle on the left of the top beam of the "7" it starts in the third space and ends in the second space of the musical staff.

Sixteenth Rest

a small number "7" with a filled-in circle on the left of the top beam of the "7" with one additional "flag" below the top beam it starts in the fourth space and ends in the second space of the musical staff.

Sixty-Fourth Rest

a small number "7" with a filled-in circle on the left of the top beam of the "7" with three additional "flags" below the top beam it starts one space above the top line of the staff and ends in the bottom space of the musical staff.

Thirty-Second Rest

a small number "7" with a filled-in circle on the left of the top beam of the "7" with two additional "flags" below the top beam it starts in the top space and ends in the bottom space of the musical staff.

Quarter Rest

a squiggle (like a slanted letter "z" with a "tail") that starts in the middle of the top space and ends in the middle of the bottom space of the musical staff.

Clefs

a symbol placed at the beginning of a line of music that establishes the letter names of the lines and spaces of the staff.

Natural

cancels any previous sharp or flat and returns to the natural, or unaltered, pitch.

Meter Signatures

identification of meter at the beginning of a composition

Dynamic Markings

indicate the general volume (amplitude) of sound.

Second Dot

lengthens the dotted note value by half the length of the first dot.

Dot

lengthens the value of the note by half again its value.

Octave Identification

method that names the notes by combining a letter name and a number identifying the pitch's octave.

Mezzo forte

moderately loud

Mezzo piano

moderately soft

Irregular Divisions and Subdivisions

divisions and subdivisions of a note that require added numbers.

Compound Meter

each beat is divided in three parts.

Simple Meter

each beat is divided in two parts.

Staff

five equally spaced horizontal lines onto which music is notated.

Double Flat

owers the pitch two half steps.

Piano

soft

Letter Names

the first seven letters of the alphabet (A B C D E F G) used to represent varios pitches on the staff

Interval

the relationship between two tones.

Asymmetrical Meter

those meter signatures that indicate the pulse cannot be divided into equal groups of 2, 3, or 4 beats.

Triple Meter

three basic pulses

Enharmonic Equivalents

tones that have the same pitch but different letter names.

Duple Meters

two basic pulses

Fortissimo

very loud

Pianissimo

very soft

Grand Staff

A combination of the treble and bass clefs that is commonly used to notate keyboard music.

Ledger Lines

A small line written above or below the staff to extend its range.

Accidentals

Any of the symbols such as sharps, flats, and naturals, which are used to raise or lower the pitch of a note.

Soprano Clef

C clef or movable clef. The indentation signifies that middle C is on the bottom line of the staff.

Mezzo Soprano Clef

C clef or movable clef. The indentation signifies that middle C is on the second line of the staff.

Baritone Clef

C clef or movable clef. The indentation signifies that middle C is on the top line of the staff.

Bass Clef

Called the F clef because dots are placed on the fourth line of the staff to indicate the F below middle C.

Treble Clef

Called the G clef because the curved line of the signature terminates on the second line of the staff to establish G above middle C.

Middle C

The C nearest to the middle of the piano keyboard. This note is an important point of reference because it is on the ledger line between the treble and bass staves on the grand staff.

Meter

a regular, recurring pattern of strong and weak beats.

Syncopation

a rhythm in which a part of the measure that is usually unstressed is accented.

Forte

loud

Fortepiano

loud followed immediately by soft

Flat

lowers the pitch a half step.

C Clef

may be positioned on any line of the staff to designate middle C.

Sharp

raises the pitch a half step.

Double Sharp

raises the pitch two half steps.

Sforzando piano

sudden accent followed immediately by soft

Sforzando

sudden accent on a single note or chord

Sforzato

sudden accent on a single note or chord

Pitch

the highness or lowness (the frequency) of a tone.

Duration

the length of time a pitch, or tone, is sounded.


Related study sets

French depuis quand vs. depuis combien de temps

View Set

Geometry Chapter 1: Perimeter and Area Formulas

View Set

N300 Exam 2: Lower Respiratory Infections

View Set

Exam 2: Assignments & Test Questions

View Set

Chapter 42 #2 - Upper GI Bleeding

View Set

Chapter 20 Management of Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Disease PrepU

View Set

Organizational Communication Exam 1

View Set