Music Theory
Time Signature
# = # beats in a measure # = value of one beat is #
Note Value Relationship
1 whole note=2 half notes=4 quarter notes
Rest Value Relationship
1 whole rest=2 half rests=4 quarter rests whole notes=whole rest half note=half rest quarter note=quarter rest
2 4
2 means there are 2 beats per measure 4 means the quarter note recieves 1 beat
3 4
3 means there are 3 beats per minute 4 means the quarter note recieves 1 beat
Common Time
4 = 4 beats in a measure 4 = one beat is 4, so quarter note
Dotted notes
A dot after a note increases its duration by half the original value.
Double Bar
A double bar is written at the end of a piece of music. It consists of one thin line followed by one thick line.
Half Rest
A half rest is equal to half of a whole rest. The rest is attached to the bottom of the 3rd line.
Measure/Bar
A measure or a bar is the space between two bar lines.
Quarter Rest
A qusryer rest is one quarter of a whole rest.
Repeat Sign
A repeate sign consists of two dots placed before a double bar. It means go back to the beginning and repeat.
Slur
A slur smoothly connects two or more notes of different pitches by a curved line over or under the notes. There are no breaks inbetween the notes. It can also be referred to as legato playing or singing.
Tie
A tie joins two notes of the same pitch by a curved line over or under the notes. Each note is held for its full value, but the tied note is not played, but extends the value of the first note. Ties should be written opposite of the stem.
Eight Note
An eight note consists of a quarter nite with a flag attached to the stem. An eighth note is one eighth of a whole note. Two or more eighth notes are connected by a beam.
Repeate Endings
If you don't want the end of the repeate you can have repeate endings. That means the first time you will play the first ending, and the second time you will play the second endibg, skipping the first one.
In 2 3 4 eight notes equal what? 4, 4, and 4
In 2 3 4 eight notes equal 4, 4, and 4 one-half count. For two eighth notes, count "1 &."
Ledger Lines
Ledger lines are short lines that are used to extend the range of the staff when the note is either too high or too low.
Bar lines
Music is divided into equal parts by bar lines.
On a grand staff, the bar lines and double bar line pass through what?
On a grand staff, the bar lines and double bar lines pass through the entire staff.
what is similar, and what is different about 4 3 2 4, 4, 4
Similar: The quarter note recieves 1 beat in each one Different: One is two beats per measure, one is three beats per measure, and the other is four beats per measure
Bass Clef
The bass clef is used for notes with lower pitches.
Pair of Repeats
The first repeate sign is backwards and the other is forwards. When you reach the second repeat sign, you go back to the first one.
Grand Staff
The grand staff is created when the treble clef and the bass clef are connected by a line brace.
The length of the stem should continue until where?
The length of the stem should continue until the space or line with the same letter name.
Musical Staff
The set of five lines where musical notes are placed.
Treble Clef
The treble clef is used for notes in the higher pitch.
When a note appears below the third line of the staff, the stem extends where?
When a note appears below the third line of the staff, the stem extends upward on the right.
When a note appears on or above the third line of the staff, its stem extends where?
When a note appears on or above the third line of the staff, its stem extends downward on the left.
When all of the note's stems are in the same direction, what happens to the slur?
When all of the note's stems are in the same dirrection, the slur is written on the opposite side that of the stems.
When the dirrection of the note's stems are mixed, what happens to the slur?
When the dirrection of the note's stems are mixed, the slur is written above the notes.
Whole Rest
Whole Rest calls for resting an entire measure. The rest is attached to the top of the 4th line.