MyLab 38

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Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client receiving doxorubicin​ (Adriamycin) for? A. Hepatotoxicity B. Neurotoxicity C. Cardiotoxicity D. Nephrotoxicity

C. Cardiotoxicity

Which clinical finding indicates the nurse should hold the dose of methotrexate​ (MTX)? A. Deep vein thrombosis B. Elevated white blood cell count C. Ulcerative stomatitis D. Elevated serum uric acid level

C. Ulcerative stomatitis

Which describes the action of aromatase​ inhibitors? A. Block an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of estrogen B. Block the estrogen receptors that stimulate the growth of​ ER-positive tumors C. Weaken the effect of estrogen on​ ER-positive tumors D. Suppress the ovary and adrenal gland from producing estrogen

A. Block an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in the synthesis of estrogen

For which should the nurse monitor the older adult receiving​ chemotherapy? Select all that apply. A. Hypotension B. Incontinence C. Peripheral neuropathy D. Urinary retention E. Reduced deep tendon reflexes

A. Hypotension C. Peripheral neuropathy E. Reduced deep tendon reflexes

Which intervention should the nurse integrate into the plan of care for a client receiving cyclophosphamide​ (Cytoxan) experiencing oral​ irritation? A. Instruct the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections. B. Instruct the client to drink cold beverages. C. Instruct the client to use an antiseptic mouthwash. D. Instruct the client to rinse her mouth with normal saline.

A. Instruct the client to avoid extreme temperatures of food selections.

Which adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client receiving vincristine​ (Oncovin) for? A. Neurotoxicity B. Hepatotoxicity C. Cardiotoxicity D. Nephrotoxicity

A. Neurotoxicity

Which therapeutic interventions should the nurse include when teaching a client about the primary treatments for​ cancer? Select all that apply. A. Surgery B. Chemotherapy C. Nutrition therapy D. Alternative medicine E. Radiation therapy

A. Surgery B. Chemotherapy E. Radiation therapy

Which should the nurse identify as pharmacotherapy with natural products that have antineoplastic​ activity? Select all that apply. A. Taxanes B. Antimetabolites C. Vinca alkaloids D. Topoisomerase inhibitors E. Alkylating agents

A. Taxanes C. Vinca alkaloids D. Topoisomerase inhibitors

Which describes the growth fraction​ ratio? A. The number of replicating cells to the number of resting cells. B. The number of replicating cells to the number of active cells. C. The number of nonreplicating cells to the number of active cells. D. The number of nonreplicating cells to the number of resting cells.

A. The number of replicating cells to the number of resting cells.

Which is the​ nurse's priority when preparing to administer intravenous vesicant​ chemotherapy? A. Understand the protocol for extravasation. B. Notify the healthcare provider for a central line placement. C. Place the client in reverse isolation prior to administering the vesicant. D. Wear gloves when drawing up the medication.

A. Understand the protocol for extravasation.

Which topics should the nurse include in the education of the client prescribed testosterone treatment for​ cancer? Select all that apply. A. Weight gain B. Sweating C. Hair loss D. Constipation E. Nervousness

A. Weight gain B. Sweating E. Nervousness

A client with a benign tumor on his arm asks the nurse why he is not being treated with anything. Which response should the nurse​ provide? Select all that apply. A. ​"Benign tumors do not​ metastasize." B. ​"Many of the tumors are resistant to​ treatment." C. ​"Treatment will only be required if the tumor continues to​ grow." D. ​"Your tumor is slow​ growing." E. ​"Benign tumors rarely require​ treatment."

A. ​"Benign tumors do not​ metastasize." D. ​"Your tumor is slow​ growing." E. ​"Benign tumors rarely require​ treatment."

The nurse has provided education about cancer prevention to a community group. Which statements made by the participants indicate an understanding of the​ information? Select all that apply. A. ​"I've been thinking about trying a vegetarian diet. Now may be a good​ time." B. ​"I am going to call my doctor and schedule a pap​ smear." C. ​"I think I will start taking vitamin A and​ selenium." D. ​"I've never been a​ drinker, but I am going to start drinking a glass of wine with​ dinner." E. ​"I am going to read the label on that new bottle of sunscreen I​ bought."

A. ​"I've been thinking about trying a vegetarian diet. Now may be a good​ time." B. ​"I am going to call my doctor and schedule a pap​ smear." E. ​"I am going to read the label on that new bottle of sunscreen I​ bought."

Which should the nurse include as the causes of cancer when providing client​ education? Select all that apply. A. ​"Some cancers have a strong genetic​ component." B. ​"Cancer can result from tissue​ trauma." C. ​"Cancers have a very strong environmental​ component." D. ​"Cancer can result from increased levels of​ stress." E. ​"Cancer can result from damaged tumor suppressor​ genes."

A. ​"Some cancers have a strong genetic​ component." C. ​"Cancers have a very strong environmental​ component." E. ​"Cancer can result from damaged tumor suppressor​ genes."

A client asks the nurse when she should start having Pap tests to help detect cervical​ cancer? A. ​"You should start the testing by age​ 21." B. ​"You should start testing by age 21 or if you begin using​ alcohol." C. ​"By age 21 or earlier if you are​ smoking." D. ​"By age​ 21, but earlier if you have a family history of​ cancer."

A. ​"You should start the testing by age​ 21."

A client with cancer asks the nurse how cancer occurs. Which response should the nurse provide the​ client? A. ​"Cancer is​ genetic; you inherited the predisposition for​ cancer." B. ​"Cigarette smoking and​ second-hand smoke are the primary causes of​ cancer." C. ​"Cancer cells are the​ body's cells that have lost the ability to control their​ growth." D. ​"Cancer is caused primarily by viruses in the​ environment."

C. ​"Cancer cells are the​ body's cells that have lost the ability to control their​ growth."

Which finding should the nurse instruct the client receiving tamoxifen to immediately report to the healthcare​ provider? A. Nausea and vomiting B. A temperature of 101.1°F C. Weight gain of 3 pounds in 1 week D. Size increase of the tumor

B. A temperature of 101.1°F

Which action should the nurse take after discontinuing an intravenous infusion of doxorubicin​ (Adriamycin) that has​ extravasated? A. Wash the area thoroughly with soap and water. B. Apply ice packs to the area immediately. C. A​ warm, wet compress should be placed on the site. D. Inspect the area for irritation.

B. Apply ice packs to the area immediately.

Which should the nurse understand can be used to minimize bone marrow​ toxicity? Select all that apply. A. Alkylating agents B. Bone marrow transplantation C. Hormone antagonists D. Platelet administration E. Growth factor therapy

B. Bone marrow transplantation D. Platelet administration E. Growth factor therapy

Which action should the nurse take after discontinuing an intravenous infusion of vincristine​ (Oncovin) that has​ extravasated? Select all that apply. A. Apply local ice packs. B. Inject hyaluronidase per protocol. C. Place a tourniquet on the​ client's arm above the IV site. D. Place warm compresses on the site. E. Administer prednisone per protocol.

B. Inject hyaluronidase per protocol. D. Place warm compresses on the site.

Which describes the main mechanism of action of alkylating​ agents? A. The agents can become incorporated into the structures of DNA and​ RNA, resulting in a disruption of nucleic acid function. B. They change the shape of the DNA double helix and prevent nucleic acid from completing normal cell division. C. They either directly or indirectly bind to cancer cells causing an activation of the immune response which results in the destruction of the cancer cells. D. When cancer cells attempt to synthesize​ proteins, RNA, or DNA metabolic pathways are disrupted and the cancer cells die or their growth is slowed.

B. They change the shape of the DNA double helix and prevent nucleic acid from completing normal cell division.

For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor the client prescribed​ tamoxifen? A. Signs of dehydration B. Vaginal discharge C. Cough D. Fatigue

B. Vaginal discharge

A client with cancer that has not responded to treatment asks the nurse why he is being offered palliative chemotherapy. Which information should the nurse include in the​ discussion? Select all that apply. A. ​"Palliative chemotherapy can continue to help slow the growth of the​ cancer." B. ​"Sometimes the chemotherapy can reduce the size of the​ tumor." C. ​"The cancer may still respond to​ treatment." D. ​"Chemotherapy can sometimes reduce the​ pain." E. ​"Chemotherapy may well improve your quality of​ life."

B. ​"Sometimes the chemotherapy can reduce the size of the​ tumor." D. ​"Chemotherapy can sometimes reduce the​ pain." E. ​"Chemotherapy may well improve your quality of​ life."

A client asks the nurse why he is receiving several chemotherapeutic agents as treatment for cancer. Which response should the nurse provide the​ client? A. ​"Using multiple drugs decreases the incidence of side​ effects." B. ​"Using multiple drugs will help kill more of the​ cancer." C. ​"Using multiple drugs is more cost effective in treating​ cancer." D. ​"Using multiple drugs means a shorter treatment​ time."

B. ​"Using multiple drugs will help kill more of the​ cancer."

A client asks the nurse why lung cancers are less sensitive to antineoplastic agents. Which response should the nurse provide the​ client? A. ​"Lung cancer cells have a very erratic cell​ cycle, and this is why there​ isn't much difference between the number of replicating and resting​ cells." B. ​"Lung cancer cells have been growing for a long time before​ detection, so they are less sensitive to antineoplastic​ agents." C. ​"Lung cancer cells have a low growth​ fraction, which means there​ isn't much difference between the number of replicating and resting​ cells." D. ​"Lung cancer cells grow in a​ high-oxygen environment, so they are not very sensitive to antineoplastic​ agents."

C. ​"Lung cancer cells have a low growth​ fraction, which means there​ isn't much difference between the number of replicating and resting​ cells."

A client with leukemia asks the nurse where the cancer in her body is located. Which response should the nurse provide the​ client? A. Connective tissue B. Lymphoid tissue C. Epithelial tissue D. Bone marrow

D. Bone marrow

Which is the most important nursing consideration for clients receiving alkylating​ agents? A. Nausea and vomiting B. Nutritional intake C. Skin integrity D. CBC with differential

D. CBC with differential

Which client should the nurse recognize has the highest risk for developing​ cancer? A. The client who usually applies sunscreen when going outdoors B. The client who frequently forgets self-breast exams but has routine mammograms C. The client who is 25 pounds overweight but exercises regularly D. The client who consumes excessive alcohol

D. The client who consumes excessive alcohol

A client asks why tamoxifen is so effective for the treatment of breast cancer. Which response should the nurse provide the​ client? A. ​"Tamoxifen works by inhibiting the cellular mitosis of breast​ cancer." B. ​"Tamoxifen works by inhibiting the metabolism of breast cancer​ cells." C. ​"Tamoxifen works by binding to the DNA of breast cancer​ cells." D. ​"Tamoxifen works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast​ tissue."

D. ​"Tamoxifen works by blocking estrogen receptors on breast​ tissue."

A client with​ Hodgkin's disease asks the nurse why he is receiving corticosteroids for chemotherapy. Which response should the nurse include in the​ discussion? A. ​"The red blood cells are​ destroyed." B. ​"The prescription causes bone marrow​ suppression." C. ​"The prescription blocks substances for tumor​ growth." D. ​"They suppress cell division in​ lymphocytes."

D. ​"They suppress cell division in​ lymphocytes."


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