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27. The 1752 Political Testament of Frederick II of Prussia (article provided) expresses ideas that are evidenced in which 18th century trend?
Absolute monarchs limited the nobility's participation in governance but preserved the aristocracy's social and legal privileges (A)
50. (Excerpt from Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations) Which of the following forms of government would be least receptive to the main argument of the excerpt?
Absolute monarchy (B) (absolute monarchies believe in mercantilism, in which the monarch regulates the economy)
12. Besides Galileo's discoveries in astronomy, what new scientific ideas and observations arose during the period 1450-1648?
Anatomical and medical discoveries presenting the body as an integrated system (A)
77. (Two excerpts from the testimony gathered by the Ashley Mines Commission from the perspectives of Mr. Payne (coal master) and Ann Eggley (18 year old hurrier)) Which of the following 19th century political responses to industrialization best addressed the concerns of Anne Eggley as expressed in the excerpt above?
Interventionist social policies (B)
59. Which of the following author's writings expressed views most similar to those of Portalis in the excerpt above?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (B)
58. (Excerpt from Jean-Etienne-Marie Portalis's Preliminary Discourse of the Civil Code) Which of the following concepts is best reflected in the excerpt?
Napoleon's defense of the ideas of the French Revolution (C)
49. Which of the following migration patterns developed as a result of the population growth shown in the chart?
People migrated from rural areas to urban areas (D) (The Agricultural Revolution produced more food using fewer workers)
18. (Painting provided - The School of Athens) The artwork above serves as evidence of which of the following historical movements?
Princes and Popes, concerned with enhancing their prestige, commissioned paintings based on classical styles that used geometric perspective (A)
37. Which of the following was a significant cause of urban population growth discussed in the excerpt?
The Agricultural Revolution produced more food using fewer workers (B)
24. The critique's expressed by Calvin generated which of the following broader religious changes in the 16th century?
The Catholic Reformation revived the Church but cemented the division within Christianity (C)
52. (Excerpt from the Wealth of Nations) Smith's view on labor as expressed in the excerpt are best reflected in which of the following 18th-19th century developments?
The Consumer Revolution (encouraged the purchase of goods that people purchased for their homes, reflects the emergence of capitalism) (B)
43. (Painting and poetic verse provided - 1751 Gin Lane engraving by William Hogarth) The image above was created as an 18th century response to which of the following?
The erosion of traditional values in larger urban areas (B)
67. (Table of Per Capita Levels of Industrialization, 1750-1913) What best explains the patterns of declining industrialization in China and India during the 19th century?
The search for raw materials and markets for manufactured goods drove Europeans to colonize Asia (D)
47. (Excerpt from Olympe de Gouge's 1791 Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female and Citizen) Which of the following 18th century trends would support the argument Olympe de Gouge makes in this excerpt?
Women participated enthusiastically in the early phase of the French Revolution (C)
68. (Table of Per Capita Levels of Industrialization, 1750-1913) Which of the following 19th century political responses to the problems of industrialization was the most successful?
Radicals and republicans demanded universal male suffrage and full citizenship regardless of wealth and property ownership (A)
42. (Excerpt from British Parliament's 1689 Bill of Rights)The excerpt above is most indicative of...
The triumph of Parliamentary Supremacy in England in limiting royal power (D)
56. (Painting of Jacques-Louis David's Tennis Court Oath) Which of the following phases of the French Revolution is most directly reflected in the painting?
A constitutional monarchy was established to increase popular participation in the government (C)
8. Which of the following was a consequence of the Colombian Exchange referred to by Diamond?
European expansion of African slave trade (D)
55. (Excerpt from John Locke's Two Treatise of Government) Which of the following contemporary ideologies most directly contradicts Locke's point of view as expressed in the passage?
Feudalism (represents Locke's political ideology based on natural rights, property ownership, and the right of the governed to give consent to those in power) (A)
11. Galileo's response to the bible-based arguments of his accusers reflects the system of thought called...
Humanism (D)
51. Which political theorist would most likely agree with Smith's argument about labor as expressed in the excerpt?
John Locke (C)
75. (Two excerpts from the testimony gathered by the Ashley Mines Commission from the perspectives of Mr. Payne (coal master) and Ann Eggley (18 year old hurrier)) The excerpt above most directly reflects which of the following developments?
The problem of industrialization provoked a wide range of ideological, governmental, and collective responses (D)
35. ( Excerpt from Material Conditions of Family Life) This excerpt best illustrates what economic transformation in European villages during 18th century?
The putting-out system, or cottage industry, expanded as increasing numbers of laborers in homes produced fr markets (A)
71. (Excerpt from Metternich's The Source of Evil) Which of these events during the first half of the 19th century confirms Metternich's concerns?
Liberal revolutionaries attempted to destroy the status quo (A)
66. (Table of Per Capita Levels of Industrialization, 1750-1913) Which of the following best explains the choices of the patterns shown in the table above?
France moved toward industrialization at a more gradual pace than Great Britain, with government support and less dislocation of traditional methods of production (C)
69. (Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto) Which of the following statements best reflects the comparative assertions made by Marx and Engels?
France moved toward industrialization at a more gradual pace than Great Britain,while German states industrialized quickly after the mid 19th century (D)
48. (Graph of population spike during the 18th century) Which of the following most directly accounts for the population growth shown above?
Higher agricultural productivity (C)
28. The states policy expressed by Frederick in this document was most unlike which of the following policies of his contemporary monarchs?
In England, the outcome of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution protected the rights of the gentry and aristocracy from absolutism by codifying the rights of Parliament (C)
64. (Excerpt from Factory Rules at the Foundry and Engineering Works of the Royal Overseas Trading Company in Berlin, 1844) The ideas expressed in the excerpt contributed to the conditions that fostered what subsequent event?
Industrialization in Prussia allowed that state to become the leader of a unified Germany (A)
65. (Excerpt from Factory Rules at the Foundry and Engineering Works of the Royal Overseas Trading Company in Berlin, 1844) The directives expressed in this excerpt were the primary result of which of the following 19th century developments?
Mechanization and the factory system became the predominant modes of production (A)
78. (Image - The Child of the Factory by L'Enfant de Fabrique) Which of the following best reflects the image above?
Mechanization and the factory system became the predominant modes of production by the early 19th century (A)
60. (Quote from Jean Baptiste Colbert, King Louis XIV's economic adviser) Which of the following economic developments is best reflected in the passage above?
Mercantilism (Colbert's description of possessing islands to control commerce, keep out other countries and control inhabitants reflects mercantilist economic strategies) (B)
63. (Excerpt from Factory Rules at the Foundry and Engineering Works of the Royal Overseas Trading Company in Berlin, 1844) Which of the following social transformations was most likely a factor in why this factory issued the rules in the excerpt above?
Migration from rural to urban areas in industrialized regions created an inexperienced workforce (A)
44. One social impact of the events depicted in the image was...
The increase in the rate of illegitimate births in 18th century Europe (A)
2. The approach of humanist scholars such as Bruni led to...
Christian humanists employing Renaissance learning in service of religious reform (A)
73. (Excerpt from the Record of the Commons Sitting of 19 February 1818, Cotton Factories Bill, from the perspective of Sir Robert Peel) Which of the following groups would least likely be considered by Sir Robert Peel's statement?
Conservatives (conservatives were not concerned about child labor or working conditions) (C)
74. (Excerpt from the Record of the Commons Sitting of 19 February 1818, Cotton Factories Bill, from the perspective of Sir Robert Peel) Laws that sought to remedy the problem of child labor, such as one referenced in the excerpt above, best reflect which of the following responses to industrialization?
Interventionist economic policies on behalf of the less privileged (A)
79. (Image - The Child of the Factory by L'Enfant de Fabrique) Which of the following groups worked most effectively to reform child labor in early 20th century Europe?
Interventionist liberals (such as members of Parliament and the National Assembly in France worked to create child labor laws) (B)
22. Which of the following illustrates a major similarity between John Calvin and 16th century Roman Catholic popes?
Some Protestants refused to recognize the subordination of the Church to the State (C)
80. Image - The Child of the Factory by L'Enfant de Fabrique) This image best illustrates which of the following historical developments?
The division of labor led to the development of new social classes (image illustrates the division of labor between social classes such as the proletariat and the bourgeoisie) (B)
32. (Excerpt from Jean-Jacques Rousseau's Social Contract) The ideas expressed by Rousseau in this excerpt contributed heavily to...
The French Revolution (A)
4. (Excerpt from the Act of Supremacy) The Act of Supremacy best represents...
An attempt by Henry VIII to impose religious reform from top down and expand royal authority (B)
6. (Excerpt from the Act of Supremacy) One international impact of the religious reform evidenced in the Act of Supremacy in the 16th and 17th centuries was...
The effects of the Hapsburg rulers to restore Catholic unity across Europe (D)
70. (Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto) Which of the following was a major contributor to the development of the consciousness that Marx attempts to galvanize in this excerpt?
In industrialized areas of Europe, socioeconomic changes created divisions of labor that led to the creation of a new urban industrial working class (A)
72. (Excerpt from Metternich's The Source of Evil) Which of the following groups would be most likely to support Metternich's views?
Leaders who embraced the idea that human nature was perfectible solely through God, and thus favored traditional political and religious authorities (C)
76. (Two excerpts from the testimony gathered by the Ashley Mines Commission from the perspectives of Mr. Payne (coal master) and Ann Eggley (18 year old hurrier)) Which of the following ideologies best reflects the views of Mr. Payne as expressed in the excerpt above?
Liberalism (liberals in the 19th century believed in individual change through moral reform, rather than government intervention) (A)
