Napoleon Bonaparte

What was Napoleon's relationship with England?

He was not able to invade England because they had a strong army than his.

What is Napoleon's famous quote?

"I am the Revolution."

Why did the position of consul say about France's new government?

It shows you that the government is a democracy that aligns themselves with the Romans.

What other positions did Napoleon hold?

~1799-1804-Napoleon ruled France as the 1st Consul. ~1804-Napoleon crowned himself Emperor Napoleon I.

What was Napoleon Bonaparte's upbringing like?

~1799-1815 ~He was Italian but was born in Corsica which was taken over by France a few years prior to his birth. ~His father was a lawyer while he and the rest of his family were upper-middle class members/low level nobility. ~Napoleon was sent to a French military boarding school. ~He was ostracized since he did not speak French and his family was not wealthy. ~He did a lot of reading and studied military generals such as Alexander the Great.

What was the Directory?

~A form of government that ruled from July 1794 to spring of 1799. ~It was ruled by a committee of men known as directors. ~The Directory represented middle class/bourgeoise interests. ~It was a corrupt government. It functioned horribly and was weak and ineffective. ~The Directory was a temporary installment between the Revolutionary government and the rise of Napoleon.

What did the Napoleonic Code/Civil Code state?

~Equality before the law (this does not apply to women. ~The right to choose a profession. ~Religious toleration ~Abolition of slavery/serfdom. ~No tax exemptions. ~This laws laid the foundation down for a modern state.

What were Napoleon's beliefs about government?

~He believed that government was for the people not by the people. ~He believed that the ruler should be in charge of the government and make the laws without will of the majority.

What was Napoleon's views on religion?

~He believed that religion and the church should be separate from the state. ~Although he was an atheist, Napoleon understood that religion was important to people and their lifestyles.

What was Napoleon's legacy?

~He controlled most of continental Europe and was the only ruler to do so since Ancient Rome and Charlemagne (Western Europe). ~He instituted the Napoleonic Code which was the basis of civil law for many European countries and spread revolutionary ideas throughout European. This was especially true in Eastern Europe where feudalism was still present. ~He created a merit based system for advancement in French government. ~He created the model for the modern European state which is based on an efficient use of resources in both civil government and the military. ~The rise of nationalism.

How did Napoleon preserve revolutionary ideals?

~He instituted the Napoleonic Code/Civil Code (reorganization of French law). ~He created a working bureaucracy with advancement based on merit. ~He restored the Church but with limited authority. ~He spread revolutionary ideals, ended serfdom, and promoted religious toleration in the areas he conquered.

How did Napoleon show aspects of being an absolute ruler?

~He was an emperor despite France being a democracy, meaning that the Revolution was both a success and a failure. ~He had a strong protection of properties rights. However, he mostly rooted and protected the rights of the wealthy while the poor did not gain much from Napoleon's reign. ~Draft into the army (conscription). ~Censorship caused 60-70 newspapers to be shut down. All manuscripts and mail were required to be reviewed by the government . ~Napoleon wanted to control all of Europe. ~Continental system

How did Napoleon rise to power?

~He was in the French Revolutionary army and was able to work his way up through the ranks and eventually became an officer based on merit. ~He won many important battles against the Austrians. ~He became a general in the mid 1790s. ~Although he went on an unsuccessful campaign to Egypt, he planned a coup d'état to overthrow the directory in 1799.

What did the position of emperor say about France's new government?

~It implies that France is an autocracy, dictatorship, or an absolute monarchy. ~It implies that Napoleon wants to expand.

What did the Rise of Nationalism do for France and other countries around the world?

~It sparked revolutionary movements (desire for self-rule) throughout Europe. ~At first the Europeans resented French rule, but after Napoleon's rule ended, the people of Europe wanted to keep revolutionary reforms. They feared going back to he systems of the old regime such as absolutism and the church. ~European powers resented he spread of French Revolution ideals and wanted to reestablish the original power structure.

What was the Congress of Vienna?

~It took place in 1815. ~European powers redrew the map of Europe after Napoleon. ~European monarchs reasserted their absolute powers.

What as the continental system?

~It was a foreign policy plan to strangle British trade and weaken them. ~European countries under Napoleon's control were forbidden to trade with England. ~Napoleon created the continental system to debilitate England's economy so he could invade. ~The system was a failure since England had a strong trading relationship with other countries. ~This system hurt continental European countries more than England. ~This lead to the War of 1812 between British and America. ~The failure of the continental system leads to Napoleon's downfall.

What happened at the Battle of Trafalgar?

~It was a naval battle between the French and the British in 1805. ~The a Duke of Wellington decisively best the French navy. ~Napoleon realized he'd never be able to invade England because his army wasn't strong enough.

What other revolutions sparked due to the Rise of Nationalism?

~Latin American revolutions-1820s and 1830s ~Greek Revolution-1820s-1832 ~French Revolution-1830 (Les Miserables) ~Revolutions of 1848

What happened during Napoleon's downfall?

~Napoleon tried to invade Russia. However, the Russian responded with the scorched earth policy. All animals and crops were slaughtered so the French could not use them to survive. ~The French army starved and froze to death, causing Napoleon to lose 500,000/600,000 of his troops. ~The European nations bonded together to defeat Napoleon. He was captured and exiled to Elba in 1814. ~He escaped an reorganized his army and returned to France. He was finally defeated at the famous battle of Waterloo in 1815. ~He was exiled to the remote island of St. Helena in the south Atlantic. ~He died in 1821.

What was the Concordat of 1801?

~Napoleon's agreement with the Roman Catholic Church. ~Napoleon restored the church but severely limited their power and authority. ~He did not give the church's land that was sold during the revolution back to them.

What was a turning point in Napoleon's quest to control Europe?

~The Battle of Austrilitz in 1805. ~It included France against Austria, Prussia, and Russia. ~It is also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors.