Nasal Cavity
There are 4 types of paranasal sinuses:
1) maxillary 2) frontal 3) ethmoidal 4) sphenoid
The lateral boundary of the nasal cavity is formed by these 7 bones:
1) nasal 2) lacrimal 3) ethmoid 4) inferior nasal concha (or turbinate) 5) palatine 6) medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid 7) maxilla
The three nasal conchae:
1) superior nasal concha (part of ethmoid) 2) middle nasal concha (part of ethmoid) 3) inferior nasal concha (a separate bone)
The choanae is formed posteriorly by:
1) vomer (medially) 2) Palatine bone (inferiorly) 3) Medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid (laterally) 4) Body of sphenoid (superiorly)
The nasal septum is formed by 3 structures:
1) vomer (posteriorly and inferiorly) 2) perpendicular plate of the ethmoid (superiorly) 3) septal cartilage (anteriorly)
in the lower half, the composition is skin and muscle (nasalis) covering cartilage, the following are the cartilages of the external nose:
1. septal cartilage 2. lateral expansion of septal cartilage 3. greater alar cartilage, which is bent so it forms the medial and lateral walls of the nares. 4. possibly several smaller cartilages
laterally, the nose consists of skin termed the ___.
ala
The superior boundary or roof of the nasal cavity is formed by four bones:
anterior to posterior: 1) nasal 2) frontal 3) ethmoid (cribriform plate) 4) sphenoid (body)
The ___ is the tip of the nose.
apex
the part of the nasal cavity just above the limen nasi is the ___.
atrium
The choanae is a ....
bony aperture formed posteriorly by several bones.
The upper part of the dorsum is termed the ___ of the nose.
bridge
The nasal cavity is open to the nasopharynx posteriorly via the ___.
choanae
The ___ is the superior aspect of the nose, covered by skin
dorsum
The respiratory region functions in:
dust removal from inspired air, as well as warming and humidifying incoming air.
The ___ sinus consists of numerous air cells collectively referred to as the ___.
ethmoidal (labyrinthine) sinus, ethmoidal labyrinth
The anterior ethmoidal sinus opens to the ___ of the middle meatus.
ethmoidal bulla
The middle meatus, located just below the middle nasal concha, contains an elevation/bulge of bone called the:
ethmoidal bulla, which is bounded inferiorly by a semilunar slit, known as the semilunaris
The ____ is also a single sinus on each side of the head, contained within the___ bone in the supraorbital area. This sinus also opens to the middle meatus.
frontal, frontal
Skin located here (in vestibule) contains ___ and ___.
hairs and sebaceous glands
The maxilla and the palatine also make up the ___, which separate the nasal cavity from the ___.
hard palate, oral cavity
The frontal sinus opens to the ___ of the middle meatus.
hiatus semilunaris
The maxillary sinus opens to the ___ of the middle meatus.
hiatus semilunaris
The nasolacrimal duct opens into the ___.
inferior meatus
The vestibule is limited above by a curved elevation, the ____.
limen nasi
The inferior boundary or floor of the nasal cavity is formed by the ___ anteriorly and the ___ bone posteriorly.
maxilla, palatine
The ___ is the largest paranasal sinus and is located within the ___.
maxillary, maxilla
The space inferior to each concha is termed a ___.
meatus; the superior meatus is located just below the superior nasal concha.
The nasal cavity is divided by a ___ into two chambers, the ___ and the ___, which are open anteriorly to the nares.
median nasal septum, right nasal cavity, left nasal cavity
Anterior ethmoid air cells open into the:
middle meatus
The maxillary sinus opens into the nasal cavity in the ___.
middle meatus
At the limen nasi, the skin of the vestibule gives way to the ___ of the nasal cavity
mucous membrane
The inferior aspect of the nose contains two openings, the ___ or ____.
nares or nostrils
In the upper half of the external nose, the composition is skin and muscle (procerus) covering bone, the bone being the ___.
nasal bone
The ___ is a space between the cranial cavity superiorly and the oral cavity inferiorly.
nasal cavity
The lateral cavity is characterized by the presence of the three ___.
nasal conchae or turbinates
The medial boundary of the nasal cavity is composed of the ___.
nasal septum
In the olfactory region, the filaments of the ___ are distributed, mediating olfaction or the sense of smell.
olfactory nerve
The ___ is the mucous membrane in the upper third of the nasal septum and the superior concha.
olfactory region
The sinus itself is lined with mucous membrane and will communicate with the nasal cavity via a canal/space termed an ___.
opening
When the cartilages of the external nose are removed, the dried skull presents another bony aperture called the ___. It is bounded by the nasal bones superiorly and the maxilla laterally and inferiorly.
piriform aperture
The maxillary sinus is a single chamber and ___ in shape. The floor of this sinus is ___ to the upper teeth.
pyramidal, adjacent
The lower two-thirds of the mucous membrane of both the lateral and the medial walls constitute the ___ of the mucous membrane.
respiratory region
The ___ is the base of the nose, where it attaches to the face.
root
The sphenoid sinus opens into the ___, which is the area above the superior nasal concha.
sphenoethmoidal recess
The sphenoid sinus opens to the ___, posterior to the superior meatus.
sphenoethmoidal recess
The ___ is a single sinus on each side, both contained within the body of the sphenoid.
sphenoid sinus
Posterior ethmoid air cells open into the:
superior meatus
A sinus is a ___.
true cavity within bone
The posterior ethmoidal sinus opens to the ___ of the superior meatus.
unnamed opening
Just inside the nares is a space called the ___, also bounded laterally and medially by the ___.
vestibule, greater alar cartilage