National Protective Security Officer Training Program

Topic 2: Collecting Information for Reports

*Note-Individuals are not required by law to answer questions by the PSOs.

Purpose of Visit: Work

- Arrival: Record the exact time you start your tour. Use the 24-hour clock. -Departure: Record the exact time you end your tour. Use the 24-hour clock *Note: You will not sign out until you are actually departing the post. Signing out while still on post is fraudulent and could lead to disciplinary action.

Topic 3: What four types of people commit workplace violence acts?

-A random individual may come into the workplace with no connection and commits a crime. -A visitor, or other individual associated with the agency may direct violence toward an employee or the agency. -A current/former employee may direct violence towards co-workers or supervisors. -Violent act(s) committed by a person who has a personal relationship with an individual who works there.

Shooters

-All but 2 incidents involved a single shooter -In at least 9 incidents, the shooter first shot and killed a family member (s) in a residence before moving to a more public location to continue shooting -In at least 6 incidents, the shooters were female -At least 5 shooters from 4 incidents remains at large. In this study , the FBI identified 160 active shooter incidents, notifying they occurred in small and large towns, in urban and rural areas and in 40 of 50 states and the District Columbia.

Topic 2: PSO Considerations

-Establish perimeter and control all access in to the area -Keep radio traffic down to what is needed to ensure team concept "Same sheet of music" -Facility Lock Down -Signals/Code -Lock doors -Safe areas -Account for personnel -Do not open doors until law enforcement arrives -Communicate (with MegaCenter, Local Law Enforcement, FPS and other Federal LEOs) Some issues that the PSO should be aware of prior to the incident include: -Policy issues- plans to deal with an active shooter -Does the tenant agency have a response policy/plan? -If so, has policy been reviewed and practices with other agencies and local LEO(s)? -Are there specific and/or unique instructions contained in the PSOs Post Orders? -Authority and Jurisdiction: PSOs should be aware that their individual company policies/regulations do not supersede applicable federal or state law. Although applicable laws apply, the PSO could be subject to sanctions from their company if their actions contradict their own policies and Post Orders

Impacts of Civil Disturbances

-Every crowd should be viewed as a possible threat to security. -A mob is when a crowd becomes excited or its members lose respect for law and order and follow its leaders into mass lawlessness.

Topic 1: Exclusive Jurisdiction

-Exclusive Jurisdiction exists where the federal government has received all the law enforcement authority of the state with no reservations made to the state. State and local law enforcement have no jurisdiction to enforce laws in these areas. -In a case of "Fresh Pursuit" where a state or local law enforcement officer is actively pursing a suspect, they are authorized to exercise their powers of arrest in exclusive jurisdiction.

EPO #1 Identify PSO Facility Safety Procedures

-Existing fire regulations -Specific areas where flammables or /hazardous materials may be stored -Location of fire extinguishers -Main shut-off switches or /valves for the building's various systems -Location of first aid equipment Your building's Occupant Emergency Plan (OEP) will also contain instructions on what to do in the even go an emergency. The Facility Security Committee formulates the OEP. It should be located with your post orders. You should check things like fire extinguishers and AED battery light status. If you find any deficiencies, report them immediately to your supervisor.

Topic 6: What actions do you take when responding to a workplace violence incident?

-If possible, attempt to verbally defuse the situation by separating the parties that are involved; do not allow co-workers to engage in the situation.

In the case of a Bomb threat, response time is important. Refer to the Emergency Notifications section of the Post Desk Book and take appropriate actions in the following orders:

-If you receive the bomb threat, record information on the Bomb Threat Card -Notify FPS MegaCenter and Management if suspicious items or package is located -Do not touch or move the suspicious object -Evacuate the immediate area upon directions from the Designated Official or designee -Upon arrival of local law enforcement, notify them of finding suspicious object after receiving the bomb threat -Assist in the activation of the OEP

Shipping

-Package markings can also be helpful in identifying the material it contains. -These trailers are easily recognized by their shapes and consist of one or more compartments. Drawings of these containers are in the front of the Emergency Response Guidebook. General cargo trailers are often used to transport hazardous materials in multiple small shipping containers.

Topic 1: Reporting Incidents to the FPS MegaCenter

-Unusual, suspicions, or disruptive behavior by an employee or visitor -Objects out of place (I.E. computers, projectors, etc) or unsecured -Doors/windows found unsecured, possibly having broken locks -Prohibited items (I.E. drugs, alcohol, etc.) -Any alarm activations -Any abnormal occurrences (for ex. an unusual odor, an argument between two people, the smell or sighting of smoke, etc.).

There are 4 types of physiological crowds:

1. A friendly crowd is the type that is well behaved and requires only the simplest control by security personnel. However; this type of crowd can become a problem with improper handling. Examples are: - Ball games -Church meetings -Parades 2. A sightseeing crowd is people who gather together at the scene of an accident, fire, or disaster. This type of crowd is curios, cooperative, and anxious to assist. But it can become overzealous and a liability to security and FPS law enforcement personnel. Examples are: -Crowds that interfere with rescue operations -Destroy evidence -Place themselves in danger 3. An agitated crowd is a friendly or sightseer crowd which becomes disturbed by emotional influences or swayed by irresponsible parties. An example would be an accident scene where an ambulance does not arrive promptly and the crowd becomes angry at the authorities for their lack of responsiveness. 4. A hostile crowd is not one that is willing to be led into lawlessness, but it lacks the courage and unity of purpose. An example would be civil disturbance brought on by a mob or riot.

EPO#11: General Response Procedures

1. Security and Safety Systems PSO shall monitor and operate facility fire alarm, environmental and intrusion detection systems, closed circuit television systems, automated access control systems, package and personnel screening systems, communications systems, and other protection devices or facility equipment located on or near the post, in accordance with the Post Orders. When an alarm sounds, the PSO shall immediately report and record the incident as required by the Post Orders.

Topic 2: Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)

18 U.S.C Section 3223 (a) defines a WMD as, "Any destructive device such as any explosive, incendiary, or poison gas, bomb, grenade, rocket having a propellant charge of more than four ounces, missile having an explosive charge of more than one quarter ounce, mine or device similar to the above; or poison gas; or any weapon involving a disease organism; or any weapon that is designed to relate radiation or radioactive at a level dangerous to human life.

Topic 3: Who is protected

18 U.S.C §111 protects individuals designated in 18 U.S.C. §1114 from assault. Those designated in 18 U.S.C. §1114 for protection under 18 U.S.C. §111 include "any officer or employee of the United States or of any agency in any branch of the United States government (including any member of the uniformed services) Although a PSO is not a federal employee, the statue also covers any person assisting an officer or employee in performance of official duties. PSOs are considered to fall within this category. It is a responsibility of the US Attorney's Office to determine if an assault upon a PSO is prosecutable federally or at the state level.

Topic 4: Notice of Administrative Inspection

41 CFR, Part 102-74, Subpart C (Appendix to Part 102-74: Rules and Regulations governing Conduct on Federal Property) requires the posting of the Appendix to part 102-74 at each public entrance to each Federal facility. The PSO must give the visitor "actual notice" that, as a condition of entering a Federal facility, an administrative inspection of their person and possessions will be conducted. Actual notice is given by verbal announcement to the visitor that they are required to undergo an administrative inspection, and advising them that dangerous weapons, explosives, illegal and prohibited items are not allowed in the facility. Actual notice can be used instead of "posted notice" or concurrently.

Topic 2: Security Post

A Security Post is a countermeasure consisting of at least one PSO that serves a specific security function. There are five (5) basic types of Security Posts (general descriptions provided below, specific duties are outlined in individual post orders): -ACCESS CONTROL POST (PERSONNEL/VEHICLE/DELIVERY): Security post where access to Federal facilities is controlled by a PSO to ensure that only authorized personal/vehicles enters. -CONTROL CENTER OPERATIONS POST Monitors facility security control center (e.g., closed circuit video (CCV) and security and fire alarms). -PATROL AND RESPONSE POST Patrols area of operation as outlined in post orders and responds to calls for assistance and/or emergencies. -SCREENING POST (PACKAGE/PERSONNEL/VEHICLE) Screens packages, personnel, and vehicles for firearms, explosives and other dangerous weapons. -VISITOR PROCESSING POST Processes visitors, maintains agency contact lists, and issues appropriate access passes/badges.

Topic 1: Definition of a crime

A crime is an act, or failure to act.

Topic 3: Anti-Terrorism

A terrorist would prefer a "soft" target, meaning their essentially are no security measures in place. However, if they are able to see a Protective Security Officer that's attentive, sharp, alert and professional, your facility in their mindset would be a "hard" target to them, and they would probably seek another target. -Knowing your Post Orders: In the event of a terrorist attack, the FBI will assume jurisdiction and coordination the Federal response efforts. You will be directed by FPS to provide them assistance. Your attention to detail will be very helpful in this type of incident.

Dangerous Weapons

A weapon, device, instrument material, or substance, (or animate or inanimate), that is used for, or is readily capable of causing death or serious bodily injury, excluding a pocket knife with a blade of less than two-and-a-half inches in length.

Breastfeeding

A women can breast feed her child at any publicly accessible location of federal property or at any locations that she has authorization to access.

EPO 2: Difference between Acceptable and Unacceptable conduct

Acceptable Conduct -You must report for duty at the assigned time and post. It is your duty to report on time and stay on post until you are properly relieved. You must be prepared for duty when you report. You must be in the full, proper uniform with all your required equipment to include your assigned weapon. You must ensure that all of your equipment is in good working order prior to the start of your shift. You must have all your certification cards with you and ensure that you are current on all your certifications. You must wear your ID badge on the outer garment and ensure that it is visible. Unacceptable Conduct Unless specifically authorized in your Post Orders, you are not permitted to engage in any of the following activities while in uniform and on post: - Eat and drink, or any use of tobacco product. PSO may have water on duty to remain properly hydrated. This must be kept away from electronic devices, i.e. X-ray, Magnetometer, computers, alarm panels. -Read news papers , books, magazines, or any other prohibited reading material. -Use any type of radio, cassette player, CD player, MP3 player, or music device. -Watch television -Use personal electrons devices (e.g. laptop, PDA such as an iPad, etc.) -Use of a personal cellular telephone and Bluetooth Devices. -Sleep, doze, or nap. -Play cards or other games (electronic or non-electronic). -Have friends or family members on post or in the area. -Socialize with friends, building tenants, visitors, or other Protective Security Officers on break or on duty. -Use agency officers or personnel facilities for any of the above listed prohibited actives unless on authorized break and are permitted to use the facilities (e.g. the snack bar, cafeteria or break room. Generally, any room/area open for public use). While on duty, you cannot fraternize with the building occupants or visitors. You may engage in conversation with them if necessary in conducting official business. Because you are in uniform and are easily identified by building occupants as well as the general public, your actions could easily be misinterpreted. - You cannot use alcohol or any medication(prescription or non prescription), which impairs your ability to perform your duties. -Using drugs or drinking during duty is grounds for immediate dismissal and removal from any federally controlled facility. FPS physical PSO service contracts require random illegal drug testing and illegal drug testing for reasonable cause. - A positive reading on any drug test is grounds for immediate and permanent removal from every FPS PSO service contract. Assault- making or uttering physical or verbal threats. - Arson -Theft or pilferage. -Sabotage -Willful or careless destruction of property, or vandalism. -Dishonesty- accepting bribes, enabling a person to secure stolen property, permitting unauthorized access to a facility or protected materials, or lying to a government official or your supervisor. -Misuse of weapons, whether assigned to you or not. -Insubordination towards the visitors your supervisor (s), or government personnel. -Disregarding orders, including your Post Orders, special orders or instructions or verbal instructions from instructions from your supervisor (s) or the government's contracting Officers Representatives. - Immoral conduct or any other criminal act that violates rules, regulations, or established policy of the government. -Any sexual harassment or discrimination towards visitors, government employees or fellow contractors. -Negligence- Sleeping on duty, abandoning your post without being properly relieved, or failing to perform your duty, or unsatisfactory attendance. - Reading, copying, removing, damaging, or destroying government or proprietary business documents that you do not have access to during your normal course of duties.

Topic 2: 3155 Continuation

All information that cannot be placed in the main body of the 3155 must be placed on a 3155 continuation. The continuation will be attached to the primary 3155 when submitted.

EPO #7: Explain and Demonstrate the Response When a Threat has Been Detected

Although, response procedures for prohibited items, dangerous weapons, illegal items and explosives are discussed here; the purpose of and administrative inspection is for weapons and explosives. It is possible that while PSOs inspect for weapons and explosive they will inadvertently discover prohibited and illegal items that are in plain view.

Topic 11: What types of alerts and notifications are used when there is an emergency?

An alert will notify occupants and confirm an emergency situations exists. Examples of alerts include but are not limited to the audible sounds of a facility fire alarm, the flashing strobe lights of a fire alarm, and/or an oral announcement from a member of the occupant emergency team. Individual agencies and department organizations may develop other methods to alert occupants of an emergency based on facility-specific needs. Emergency notifications will tell occupants what to do and how to react in an emergency situation. Once occupants are alerted an emergency situation exists, they must be notified of what to do.

Topic 2: What is an Assault

An assault is any willful attempt or threat to inflict injury upon the person of another, when coupled with an apparent present ability to do so, and any intentional display of force such as would give the victim reason to fear or expect immediate bodily harm.

Topic 2: Authority to Detain

As a PSO, you are authorized to detain people if it is necessary to ensure order and safety at your assigned facility. You should detain a person only when absolutely required and only with the necessary level of force needed to control the situation. Unless granted Special Police authority, your authority to detain is derived from state law (private person/citizen arrest).

Exceptions

As used in the context prohibited items, exceptions are temporary in nature and granted for specific occurrences or a defined time period. Example: An agency tenant is allowed by the FSC to permanently store the agency's softball team equipment (including bats) in the agency floor space.

Topic 3: Individual Characteristics

Class Characteristics: Examples of evidence with class characteristics are: -Blood and hair -Bodily fluids -Soil -Paint Individual characteristics: Examples of evidence with individual characteristics are: -Fingerprints -Tool marks and impressions -Handwriting -Typewriting -Firearms (bullets)

Topic 2: Use of Telephone while performing PSO assigned duties

Clearly state your title, name, and location when answering

Topic 2: Concurrent Jurisdiction

Concurrent jurisdiction exists where a state has granted law enforcement authority to the United States while reserving to itself the right to exercise full law enforcement authority over the area concurrently.

Enabling Performance Objectives

EPO #1: Explain the duties of the Protective Security Officer in relation to standing post. EPO #2: Identify common security features found in, and test to determine the validity of, identity documents. EPO #3: Compare Unique Facial Characteristics EPO #4: Identify document alternation techniques and methods of detection. EPO #5: Explain and demonstrate the Security Entry Control Duties. EPO #6: Identify the signs associated with a person concealing a weapon. EPO #7: Explain and demonstrate the response procedures when a threat has been detected. EPO #8: Describe the function of electronic intrusion detection and alarm systems. EPO #9: Identify common intrusion assessment procedures EPO #10: Identify different types of response to intrusions EPO #11: General Response Procedures EPO #12: Define Operations Security (OPSEC).

Topic 1: Ears, Eyes, Nose, Mouth, Ears

Ears are as individual as fingerprints. Examine the different components of the ear for similarity. Does the ear lobe blend into the side of the neck (attached), or does it hang loose (detached) like the majority of ear lobes.

EPO #3 Compare Unique Facial Characteristic

Face Shape: is determined by the chin. You can gain or lose weight, but the basic chine line will remain the same. The three primary shapes are round, oval and square. Divide the face into separate areas for examination.

EPO #4: Identify the Fundamentals of Documenting a Use of Force Incident

Facts, Not Conclusions: A common mistake in report writing is substituting conclusions for facts. The judge or jury will draw legal conclusions, not the officer. Use of force training identifies numerous facts, non-verbal cues, and verbal threat indicators. It is not enough to just recognize and act on those cues, officers must articulate in writing and verbally during interviews and testimony what those what those facts were so fact finders can draw appropriate conclusions. Only facts known to the officer at the time force was used may be used to evaluate that force. Facts leaned after the force was used, no matter how helpful or detrimental they may be, are not relevant if the officer did not know them at the time.

Nondiscrimination

Federal agencies must not discriminate or segregate against any person because of race, creed, religion, age, sex, gender, color, disability, or national origin by furnishing or refusing to furnish to any person the use of any federal facility of a public nature.

Topic 4: What are your actions when there is a medical emergency?

For medical emergencies requiring EMS response, call "911"; notify the FPS MegaCenter as soon as possible. You may also need to provide the following information: If medical personnel arrive without prior notice, facilitate their access to the scene.

EPO #1: Describe Gender Expression and how it is accommodated in the work place

Gender Expression defined: Gender Expression or Identity is the individual's internal sense of being Mal or female. "Gender expression" is how individuals present their gender (male or female) through gender related cues (e.g. appearance, grooming and clothing); even if that gender presentation is different from that associated with the persons assigned sex at birth.

Topic 3: Methods of Identification and Shipping

Identification: -The style of the bulk-shipping container in conjunction with DOT or UN ID four digit number placards can give valuable information as to the general chemical class of materials involved in the absence of more precise information. -The best way to make a positive identification of legally possessed and used hazardous materials involved in a transportation emergency is through the shipping papers carried on all transport vehicles. Highway vehicles carry the shipping papers in the drivers pack located in the tractor cab usually on or near the driver seat or in a pouch on the inside of the driver side door.

Topic 2: What are your actions if approached by a person and told a child is missing in the facility?

If you are approached by a building tenant or visitor about a missing child, the first step is to quickly obtain a detailed description of the missing child. Be sure to get the child's name, age, gender, race, weight, height, color, and eye color. Also, it is very important to include clothing the child was last seen wearing including shoes. An abductor may change how a child is dressed by adding or removing a jacket or sweatshirt, but the shoes will often stay the same. Once you have a complete description, contact the FPS MegaCenter. Be sure to provide the operator/dispatcher with the complete description. The FPS MegaCenter law enforcement entity. Be certain to comply with any instruction issued from the FPS MegaCenter as directed by FPS law enforcement personnel.

Topic 2: What actions do you take with a Bomb Threat?

If you receive a Bomb Threat over the telephone: If the threat is received by phone, assume the threat is real and attempt to obtain as much information about the device and the caller. Ask where the bomb is located, what it looks like and when it will explode. Listen for any background sounds such as airplanes, trains or other dnvoirmental noise as this may be important to investigators attempting to locate the caller. Use the DHS Bomb Threat information note cards to gather as much information before the caller hangs up. If you receive a Bomb Threat on a note: If a bomb threat note is received, do not handle the not any more than necessary. Finger prints and DNA evidence may be present and you do not want to containment the document. If you receive a Bomb Threat in an Email: If the threat is received by email, do not delete the message. Coded information will be contained within the message data and can be used to locate the origin of the email. If a suspicious device is found: - The DHS Bomb Threat Stand-off Chart recommends a minimum evacuation distance of 70 feet indoors and 1200 feet outdoors for a small pipe bomb. -These distances are minimum recommendations. Where possible, evacuation distances should be as far away from the suspected devise as possible.

EPO #1: Identify the Operational Functions of the MegaCenter

In 2000, FPS traditional all alarm-monitoring and dispatching capabilities from several regional control centers, to four FPS MegaCenters. These centers are located in Battle Creek, Michigan, Denver, Colorado, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and Suitland, Maryland. The MegaCenters operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Mega Centers perform a multitude of daily functions to support the operational needs of FPS to include: -Monitor alarm systems -Monitor closed circuit video -Receive calls for service -Dispatch law enforcement and emergency personnel -Conduct criminal and vehicle background checks. Suitland MegaCenter: 301-763- 0040 Region 11 Battle Creek MegaCenter: 269-565-0000 Regions 4,5,6 Philadelphia MegaCenter: 215-521-2001 Regions 1,2,3 Denver megaCenter: 303-236-6709 Regions 7,8,9,10

Topic 2: What types of criminal acts or threats are committed when there is a workplace violence event?

In order to mitigate or de-escalate these violent acts you must be aware these are stressful times and individuals will release their frustrations by committing acts or threats within the workplace to include domestic violence.

Topic 4: What is Shelter in Place (SIP) and what types of emergency situations might involve a decision SIP?

In some emergency situations, the decision to evacuate a facility may place an occupant's safety and health in danger. Shelter-in-place (SIP) is a protective action individuals can take to remain inside a facility and protected from exposure to threats from outdoors.

Topic 7: What is Lockdown and how does it differ from a SIP?

In the development of an occupant emergency plan, the reasons for initiating a facility lockdown and SIP procedures are markedly different. As a general rule of thumb, a lockdown is implemented due to action occurring inside the facility, such as when personnel cannot safely evacuate during an active shooter incident, while SIP is initiated because of actions taking place outside of the building, such as a severe weather or an accidental chemical release. SIP= Outside lockdown inside

EPO 1: Identify the differences associated with acts of Domestic and International Terrorism, and the active role PSOs play in Anti-Terrorism.

International terrorism involves groups or individuals whose activities are foreign based and/or directed by countries or groups outside the U.S, While domestic terrorism involves groups or individuals without foreign direction or input.

Facility Security Committee (FSC)

Is a body consisting of representatives of GSA, FPS, and each tenant agency, or the DO of a single tenant agency, occupying a facility protected by FPS. Among its other duties, the FSC is responsible for reviewing and approving countermeasure recommendations, funding countermeasure applications, and identifying and addressing the facility's security concerns. Security Screening: Is an electronic, visual or manual Inspection of persons, vehicles, packages and containers for the purpose of detecting the possession or attempted introduction of illegal, prohibited or other dangerous items into the facility. Q: As the PSO, what should you do if someone with a Prohibited Item asks for an exemption or exception? A: Follow the procedures in the Facility's post orders and advise the person that they must present their request to the FSC and until the FSC makes a decision, the prohibited item will not be allowed in the facility. Additionally, the PSO should contact the appropriate MegaCenter and request Federal Protective Service assistance. FPS may respond and provide guidance. Office Supplies, Tools and Religious Items: Unless otherwise directed by an FSC, office supplies and tools used by federal employees or contractors in the performance of their official duties will not be deemed "prohibited items". Religious Items the would other wise be considered a weapon, such as a Kirpan worn by certain members of the Sikh faith, MUST be approved by an FSC/DO under an Exception or Exemption before it is allowed into the facility. Non FPS Armed Law Enforcement Officer (LEO): It is unlawful for an armed state or local LEO to posses a firearm in a federal facility unless they are on official business. LEOs responding to emergencies at the facility shall access the facility without further delay once they have been identified and the nature of the emergency has been determined.

Designated Official (DO)

Is the highest-ranking official of the primary agency occupying a federal facility or alternatively the individual selected by mutual agreement of that agency.

Topic 2: Trouble Spots

Items to remember while learning the location of sensors: - Are there items blocking the motion sensors? Placement of office furniture, storage racks and other items may block the detection area of a motion sensor -False alarms could be nothing more than a change in the environment.Mylar gallons being pushed by the HVAC system will often set off a motion detector. Incoming faxes and/or vermin may also cause false alarms -Contact switches: are all windows and doors firmly closed? Is the door or window loose in the frame? This might cause enough movement in the contract to create an alarm. -Glass break sensors, older technology may not be able to differentiate glass breaking, heavy traffic or construction noise. After a false alarm, check the alarm keypad for any error codes. Record the code and notify the MegaCenter of the cause.

EPO 3: Identify the characteristics of jurisdictions governing federal property

Jurisdiction relates to the legal authority to act where the crime was committed. The authority of the Federal Protective Service depends on the type of jurisdiction applicable to a certain area. For federal facilities there are three basic types of applicable to a certain area. For federal facilities there are there basic types of Jurisdiction. These are exclusive jurisdiction, concurrent jurisdiction, and proprietary jurisdiction.

Topic 2:Proper Wear of Uniforms (company)

Keep your uniforms, insignia, accessories, and equipment clean and in good repair. They are to be maintained and worn as follows: - The nameplate contains the PSO's first initial and last name. It is worn centered 1/8th inch above the right pocket flap of your outermost garment.

Topic 4: Where Assaults are most likely to Occur

Locations with remote parking lots, proximity to high crime or neglected neighborhoods, and areas frequented by transients, etc., present a higher threat environment.

Topic 7: Palming

Most often observed with edged weapon violator but occasionally seen with gun violators, palming behaviors often indicate imminent risk to the observer. The knife violator may run the blade of the weapon up along the alarm or behind the leg to conceal it from frontal view. Just before a target is attacked, a violator will also typically have his or her eyes fixed on the intended victim.

EPO #2: Identify Proper FPS Communication Procedures Topic 1: Use of FPS Hand-held radio

Name (if known), gender, race, age,height, weight, hair color, eye color, complexion, scars or other prominent marks, clothing color, if the individuals is armed, the type of weapon if known, and moving, the direction and mode of travel. When transmitting information about vehicles use the following acronym: CYMBLS -Color -Year -Make -Body -License plate number -Style

Topic 6: What are your actions in the event of a power, Water or Natural Gas Disturbance?

Notify the management and FPS MegaCenter. You will: -Secure the area -Safeguard occupants -Maintain order -Take direction from appropriate authority -Evacuate the area if any threat to life or safety.

EPO # 3: Identify PSO Patrol and Response Procedures

Once the "all clear" is given you will follow the screening procedures for reentry into the building. After the incident, complete a 3155 and submit it to the FPS within 24 hours. If you should become trapped during a fire you should: -Go to an office with a window, close the office door, go to the window and wave something to attract the attention of emergency crews -Do not break the window unless advised to do so by emergency personnel, doing so many cause fire and smoke to smoke to spread into that room. If you are trapped in debris, you should: -Keep others calm -Use a flashlight to signal your location to rescuers -Avoid unnecessary movement to limit dust -Cover your nose and mouth with anything you have on hand -Tap on a pipe or wall so that rescuers can hear where you are -If possible, use a whistle to signal rescuers -Shout only as a last resort. Shouting can cause a person to inhale dangerous amounts of dust. -Stay away from damaged buildings to avoid falling glass and bricks.

EPO # 12: Define Operations Security (OPSEC).

Operations Security is an analytical process used to deny adversary information about our intentions and capabilities by identifying, controlling, and protecting indicators associated with our planning process or operations. OPSEC does not replace other security disciplines, it supplements them.

EPO #1: Identify the Documents That Requires the PSO to Potentially Use Force in the Performance of Duties

PSOs are not Federal employees nor have any Federal granted law enforcement authority. Therefore the law relating to the use of force for law enforcement officers, e.g, the Supreme Court case, U.S. v Graham requiring that use of force must be objectively reasonable, does not necessarily apply to PSOs. Depending on state law where the PSO performs his or her duties, the PSO may use reasonable force to complete a variety of different objectives. These objectives may include: -Detentions -Frisks -Self defense -Defense of others -Defense of property -Preventing a person from self-injury -Preventing a person from destroying evidence

Topic 1: Post Orders

PSOs shall perform tasks in accordance with duties outlined in Post Orders, except in emergencies or as directed by COR. COR may modify, amend, and/or revise Post Orders to change; shift duties, start and stop times, and post locations, provided change is within scope of contract and has no impact on contract cost and does not require modifications to task order or contract. CO is only authorized government agent that can increase or decrease amount of equipment and/or supplies required, or otherwise change contract's cost or price. PSOs must remember to practice good OPSEC (Operational Security) and not divulge information contained in the Post Orders to anyone who is not authorized to view them. No employee of the Contractor shall provide more than twelve (12) hours of combined service on any one or multiple contracts administered by FPS in any twenty-four (24) hour period, unless there is an eight (8) hour non-duty period between work periods or granted an exception by the COR. PSO will perform their duties in a professional manner, with the PSOs responsible for observing the environment, and, when necessary, questioning those whose activities arouse suspicion. PSO shall be knowledgeable of the location and use of the nearest first aid kit, fire extinguisher, AED, fire alarm, emergency exist, and duress alarm (if any), and shall be ready, willing, and able to use them as necessary and as required by the Post Orders.

Topic 5: Service Animals

PWDs are allowed to bring Service Animals in all areas of the facility where the public is normally allowed to go. The PSO may ask the following question and take the following action: -Is the animal required because of a disability? If yes, continue processing for entry into the facility without further questioning or comment. If no, then politely explain that non-service animals are not allowed into Federal facilities and ask that the animal be removed. You must offer the individual the opportunity to entry the facility without the animal. You CAN NOT ask about the person's disability, require medical documentation, require a special identification card or training documentation for the Service Animal, or ask that the Service Animal demonstrate its ability to perform the work or task. Service Animals must be harnessed, leashed, or tethered, unless these devices interfere with the Service Animal's work or the individual's disability prevents using these devices. In that case, the individual must maintain control of the animal through voice, signal, or other effective controls. Do not separate the PWD from the Service Animal.

Topic 3: Proprietary Juridiction

Proprietary jurisdiction exists where the federal government has acquired some right or title to lands but has not obtained any measure of the state's authority over the area.

Topic 1: Title 41, Code of Federal Regulations, part 102-74

Protective Security Officers (PSO) will monitor and enforce Title 41, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 102-74, Subpart C which governs the conduct of all persons on federal property. -Applicability -Inspection -Admission to Property -Preservation of Property -Conformity with Signs and Directives -Disturbances -Gambling -Narcotics and Other Drugs -Alcoholic Beverages -Soliciting, Vending, and Debt Collection -Posting and Distributing Materials -Photographs for News,Advertising, or Commercial Purposes -Dogs and Other Animals -Breastfeeding -Vehicular and Pedestrian Traffic -Explosives -Weapons -Nondiscrimination -Penalties

EPO #1: Explain the duties of the Protective Security Officer in relation to standing post.

Protective Security Officers (PSO)s are given the extremely important responsibility of assisting FPS in the protection of federal facilities, property, employees, and facility guests on behalf of the people of the United States. PSO security assignments are developed by FPS for the facility and these protection duties may take many forms. Specific PSO duties will be explained in the post orders or the contract.

Duty To Retreat

Pursuant to Alabama Code § 13A-3-21 (b), A person who meets the self-defense requirements and who is not engaged in an unlawful activity and is in any place where he or she has the right to be has no duty to retreat and has the right to stand his or her ground.

Topic 5: What is a SILVER Alert?

Pursuant to thousands of older adults in the United States going missing as a result of foul play, or conditions such as dementia or Alzheimer's disease, Congress introduced H.R. 5361, The National Silver Alert Act of 2014.

Topic 3: Secure the Scene

Respond: Respond to the scene quickly and ensure that area is safe. If the scene is not safe to work in you could become a victim as well. Taking charge of the situation and establishing control upon arrival is important. Provide Emergency Care: After making the scene safe your first priority is to provide emergency care to the injured. Secure the Scene: The crime scene can be the most productive source of evidence Major responsibility of first officer on scene; everything of a non-emergency matter is delayed until scene is secured. After all emergency situations are addressed; the officer must then focus on the protection of the scene. Keep all curiosity seekers and the onlookers out of the scene and hold the scene until released by FPS or State/Local Officers.

Chemical/Biological/Radiological (CBR) Release- Mail or Delivery

Ricin is one of the most likely agents for use in a mail/delivery attack due to the ease of obtaining the raw materials and the availability of manufacturing instructions in extremist literature and on the Internet.

Topic 14: Sabotage and Espionage

Sabotage is any activity that interferes with or obstructs the workings of the U.S. government. People commit sabotage by willfully injuring, or attempting to injure Federal Employees and visitors and/or cause damage to government facilities. Espionage is the act of illegally obtaining classified U.S. national security information for use by a foreign government. Despite its tremendous damage, classic spying on behalf of a foreign country is a relatively rare crime.

Topic 3: Cut and Paste

Some alternations created in this fashion are visible to the naked eye. Tilting or holding ID at an angle will catch the edges of the pasted material and cast a shadow, thereby highlighting the alteration. Documents of the same king are often cannibalized to use for altercations.

Topic 4: Spontaneous Statement

Spontaneous statements are statements made at the scene by witness an/or suspects. Unplanned statements are statements made in relation to things done by person(s) present at the scene. These need to be recorded in notes as soon as is practical.

EPO #3: Identify the Controlling Laws on Use of Force by A PSO

State or Local laws: Due to the diverse jurisdictions across which an officer's duty can take them, it is imperative to know the specifics of state and local laws governing use of force. Refer to your company's policy for further guidance on state law and specific use of force training applicable to the state where you are employed.

EPO #3: Describe a Ban Letter and the proper response to it.

Terms: Ban Letter/Ban Notice is a letter issued by the pursuant to 20 C.F.R. Part 422 to a claimant or other member of the public for the purpose of banning or restricting the person's access to controlled facilities. PSO actions: 1. PSOs shall maintain ritual awareness regarding individuals who have been issued a Ban Letter. 2. Upon notification that an individual now present at the entrance to the facility has ban in effect, the PSO shall notify the appropriate MegaCenter. 3. Upon notification, the MegaCenter shall provide over the air notification to the appropriate FPS Supervisor or LEO that an individual who had been issued a Ban Letter is at the facility. 4. Incidents at SSA Officers Involving SSA Ban Letters: At a facility where the SSA is the sole tenant, PSOs shall advise the banned individual that they are prohibited from entering an SSA facility, except when specifically authorized by the SSA Office Manager. 7. The PSO shall not attempt to physically remove the individual from the facility or SSA space based solely on the Ban Letter.Since the objective is for the individual to leave the facility, there is no need to detain the individual unless specifically directed by the MegaCenter or a FPS LEO. In the event that a FPS LEO is not in the vicinity of the facility, the MegaCenter shall dispatch the local police department, consisting with any existing MegaCenter procedures.

Topic 3: What is an AMBER Alert?

The AMBER Alert Program is a voluntary partnership between law-enforcement agencies, broadcasters, transportation agencies, and the wireless industry, to activate an urgent bulletin in the most serious child-abduction cases. The goal of an AMBER Alert is to instantly galvanize the entire community to assist in the search for and the safe recovery of the child.

Topic 2: DHS Form 1103 Activity Log

The DHS Form 1103 is used to document the daily events that occur on post. The PSO is responsible for annotating all the activities for that post on the DHS Form 1103.

Topic 2: Classifications of Fires and Extinguishers Carbon Dioxide Extinguishers:

The approximate effective range is up to 10 feet. CO2 is most effective when used close to the fire. Ensure that the gas penetrates casings of electric motors or switchboards etc.

Topic 3: Bomb or Bomb Components

The following procedures should be followed if the PSO detects a Bomb or components during screening: -Gain and Maintain control of individual with item. Do not touch item! -Isolate area around bomb/component by establishing a safe and secure perimeter. -Move to a safe position that permits you observation of the device. -Move behind hard cover solid walls, etc. (if possible while maintaining control of the item) -Follow other procedures as required by the Post Orders. -Notify the FPS MegaCenter for LEO response. -If necessary, notify local enforcement when FPS immediate response is unavailable. -Document the event on the "Officer's Operations Log." (1103) -Follow other procedures as required by the Post Orders and Occupant Emergency Plan. A phone with a hard-liner should be used if available. However, do not leave the device unattended. If necessary use cell phone or radio to make notifications but only after you have established a safe and secure perimeter and moved behind cover.

Topic 2: Dangerous weapons, explosives and other Illegal Items posing a threat to the security of the Federal facility or persons on the facility

The following should be followed if the PSO detects a dangerous weapon, explosive and/or other illegal item during screening: -Gain and maintain control of item -Detain the individual. -Notify the FPS Mega Center for LEO response. -If necessary, notify local enforcement when FPS immediate response is unavailable. -Document the event on the "Officer's Operations Log" -Follow other procedures as required by the Post Orders and Occupant Emergency Plan.

Topic 1: Tactical Plan- Hazardous Materials Response Guidelines

The four-digit UN Identification Number, if correct, and visible on a container, can be found in the Emergency Response Guidebook. This will give a general guide for handling problems involving material during the first thirty minutes of an incident. Responders must realize that less than reportable quantities may be present in an unmarked container and that containers may be incorrectly marked.

Topic 1: General Components of a Fire Alarm system

The three main parts of a fire alarm system consist of a control unit, initiating devices, and indicating devices. The control unit checks essential circuits, accepts alarm signals, and provides power to the indicating devices. The initiating device detects fire and sends signal to control unit. They include manual situations (pull boxes), ionization smoke detectors, photoelectric smoke detectors, flame detectors, sprinkler water detectors, and sprinkler system supervisory devices. You may encounter a fire during patrol. If you encounter a fire, dial 911 immediately and contact the FPS MegaCenter.

Chemical/Biological/Radiological (CBR) Release- External

Threat Example Scenario: -A single advisory relates chlorine gas in the area of an air intake. Analytical Basis: -Al-Qaeda leadership historically has given high probity to chemical-biological-radiological (CBR) and chemical-biological-radiological nuclear (CBRN) attacks to achieve mass causality goals.

Ballistic Attack-Small Arms

Threat Example Scenario: -One or more individuals armed with small arms fire indiscriminately at a facility from outside. Analytical Basis: -Small arms gunfire may involve the use of weapons categorized as "small arms" or light weapons;" specifically revolvers, semi-automatic pistols, rifles, shotguns, assault rifles, and light machine guns among others.

EPO #4: Demonstrate the proper procedures for the use of DHS Form 3155 Offense/Incident Report

Topic 1: 3155 Record all items not related to the incident as "not applicable" or "N/A". If additional space is needed, use the reverse side and continuation sheets. The continuation sheets should be annotates with the case number and date at the top of each sheet. Pages should be numbered at the bottom. Refer to Appendix 2 of the student manual for samples of the form.

EPO #1: Explain Active Threat Case Studies/ Incidents

Topic 1: Active Shooter Stats 2000-200 13: The agreed-upon definition of an active shooter by U.S. government agencies is "an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to kill people in confined and populated area"

EPO #9: Assessing Possible Instructions

Topic 1: Assessing Possible Instructions One of the most visible security features at most facilities is the Closed Circuit Video systems. Functioning CCV systems will enable you to view perimeter areas (interior and exterior), access/egress points and any other areas deemed important enough to gave it under remote surveillance. Your CCV system can assist you when there is an alarm activation by providing real time, on site surveillance of an area. The CCV system may be connected to a video recorder so that activities may be recorded for later viewing.

EPO 1: Describe understanding the physical appearance and uniform standard

Topic 1: Basic Appearance Standards The following are basic standards for all Protective Security Officers. Since you are a representative of your company, FPS, and the federal government, you must meet the highest standards for appearance. Your appearance is a subtle, silent form of communication. First impressions - Your professionalism in dealing with the public helps build a good image for your employees and instills a sense of trust in the tenant agency you protect. Building Trust -Building trust and goodwill are two of our many important functions. Cultivating good relations with tenants at your workplace may be accomplished by a courteous greeting (e.g., good morning, good afternoon), or a polite "sir" or "ma'am" would be appropriate. When making a request of someone, saying "please" before and "thank you" after goes a long way. Gestures such as these not only make you appear to be professional and courteous, but also provides the people you are addressing a feeling of respect. Professionalism -You must exercise caution and be mindful when balancing friendliness and politeness with firmness. You are there to provide protection. Even in the face of people being rude or abusive towards you, your demeanor should remain professional and courteous. Appearance -Nail polish may be worn if it is subdues and natural looking. -Your hair must be clean, and not interfere with the proper wearing of official headgear. The height of the hair (male or female), from the scalp to the highest point on the coiffure, is not to exceed 2 inches. A male Protective Security Officer's hair must not cover the top of his collar when standing. A female protective Security Officer's hair cannot exceed past the bottom edge of her blouse collar when standing. Bouffant and modified bush styles are acceptable if they allow proper wearing. -Hair Ornaments, such as flowers and combs, cannot be worn. Items to hold hair in place such as bobby pins, hairpins and barrettes may be worn provided they are concealed as much as possible ad are of a color that blends with the hair. - Faces must be clean-shaven, except for mustaches and sideburns. Men's sideburns must be neatly trimmed, extending no lower than the bottom of the ear, constant in width (not flared), and a end with a clean-shaven horizontal line. Mustaches are to be neatly trimmed, they may extend no more than a half-inch beyond and a fourth-inch below each corner of the lips and go no higher than the nose line. -The permission to be unshaven is granted only for the duration of the skin disorder. Therefore, the physician's certificate must be updated every 120 days, unless the physician's initial certificate stipulates the disorder may exceed beyond 120 days. The PSO must have prior approval of the COR before the exception is granted. -Makeup may be worn by Protective Security Officers,, provided it is subdued and natural looking. You may not wear Jewelry such as earrings, bracelets, chains, religious insignia, buttons, or pendants. PSO may wear a ring on the ting finger of one hand.

EPO #2: Identify the Different Classifications of Fires and Extinguishers Topic #1: Classifications of Fires

Topic 1: Classifications of Fires: -Class A: Fire involves with Wood, Cloth, paper (ordinary combustibles) -Class B: Fire involves with Liquid, gas, alcohol, oil paint -Class C: Fire involves with electrical equipment -Class D: Fire involves with combustible Metals, magnesium, titanium, sodium -Class K: Fire involves vegetable oil, fats (**think K=Kitchen) -Class BC: Flammable liquids and energized electrical equipment -Class ABC: Ordinary combustibles, flammable liquids and energized electrical equipment Multipurpose Extinguishers Most portable extinguishers are rated for use with more than one classification of fire. For example, an extinguisher with a BC rating is suitable for use with fires involving flammable liquids and energized electrical equipment. Elect and burning Liquid.

EPO #1: Identify the Appropriate method (s) to Protect Evidence, and Secure a Crime Scene as required in a Preliminary Police Investigation (PPI)

Topic 1: Crime Scene identification and Protection One of your most important duties will be to ensure the integrity of the crime scene. This means maintaining it in its original condition. Law enforcement officials may direct you to protect the crime scene until law enforcement arrives, and possibly even while the scene is being investigated.

EPO #1: Demonstrate proper procedure for use of DHS Form 139 and 103 activity log

Topic 1: DHS Form 139 Signing In and Out: Your employees is just one of many companies contracted to provide protective security officer services to DHS. For verification of your attendance and hours worked, you will be required to sign in and out on a modified version of DHS Form 139 (Record Time of Arrival and Departure from Buildings).

EPO #2 Identify the Principle of Evidence

Topic 1: Evidence Definition Something that can furnish proof during a criminal proceeding. In a criminal trial, this is the means of satisfying the judicial system, such as a jury, of the truth or falsity of an allegation.

EPO 5: Identify the definition of an assault upon a person, recognize who is protected under 18 U.S.C § 111 and determine where assaults are most likely to occur

Topic 1: Historical background on Assaultive Behavior in the Federal Government In 2011, there were an estimated 751,131 aggravated assaults in the nation. Of the aggravated assault offenses in 2011 for which law enforcement agencies provided expanded data, 26.9% were committed with personal weapons such as hands, fists, or feet. Slightly more than 21% of aggravated assaults were committed with firearms, and 19.1% were committed with knives or cutting instruments. The remaining 32.8% of aggravated assaults were committed with other weapons (clubs or blunt object)

EPO #8: Describe the function of Electronic Intrusion Detection and Alarm Systems

Topic 1: Means of Detecting Intrusions Duress Alarm: Often referred to as "Panic Buttons", these are activated by simply pressing a hidden button or switch. This is the type of alarm that most personnel are familiar with.

EPO 7: Identify the facility rules and rules and administration process

Topic 1: Non-Statutory Rules The FSC/DO is comprised of federal tenant (s) with a single federal property who hold facility security meetings with FPS to discuss security functions and issues and vote on security changes to rules and regulations for their facility. If the FSC votes to enact a change to the facility rules and regulations, FPS is responsible for implementing the security changes and the PSO is the eyes and ears watching over the facility. This includes any special training (e.g. NWDTP training for screening) and changes to post orders.

EPO #10: Instructions Response Procedures

Topic 1: Response Procedures There must be response to all alarms to determine if an actual incident occurred of it there has been a false alarm. Dependent on Post Orders, locations using CCV may allow assessment based on remote surveillance and no response would be required. -Make sure your supervisor and the FPS MegaCenter are aware you are responding -Maintain constant radio contract

EPO #2: Explain the General Guidelines Note Taking

Topic 1: Taking notes -Who: Identify all individuals who involved in the incident -What: Provide the Facts of the incident -When: Time and date -Where-Location of incident: Try and be as specific as Possible -Why: If you can establish the "WHY" be as specific as possible while avoiding jumping to conclusions. -How: Establish the sequence of events chronologically and be aware that you may have different versions of how the event unfolded if you have multiple witness, subjects, victims, you will probably have different versions of how the incident happened. It is not your job to determine which version may be the correct one, only to record the information as told to you.

EPO 6: Identify the Federal Management regulations governing federal facilities (Title 41 CFR Part 102-74, Subpart C-Conduct on Federal Property)

Topic 1: The regulations You Will Encounter Daily These regulations are called the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). The securities you will follow as a PSO are the Federal Management Regulations. Title 41 CFR Part 102-74, Subpart C- Conduct on Federal Property, better known as the Federal agency (s). - Narcotics and Other Drugs -Breastfeeding

EPO#5: Explain and Demonstrate the Patrol and Response Procedures

Topic 1: Visual Inspection Security Entry Control requires a visual inspection of each person that attempts to enter the facility. The purpose of this visual inspection is to look for signs that the person may be concealing firearms, explosives and other dangerous weapons. This topic will be discussed more in depth later in this course. At a minimum, the PSOs should perform a visual inspection as the person approaches the post and again while the person removes all items from their pockets and person. Signs of a person carrying a concealed weapon will be discussed during EPO #2.

EPO 4: Identify your authority, responsibility and liability affecting the detainment of a person

Topic 1: What is Detainment You will be required to deal with situations where people refuse to cooperate with access control procedures or behave in a disruptive, dangerous, or possibly life-threatening manner. In addition, if a person has committed what you believe is a crime act, you have an obligation to secure that person for investigation until law enforcement personnel can arrive. This process is called detainment. - To detain a person, you are depriving them of their constitutional right to move freely.

EPO #5: Describe Bomb Threat Procedure

Topic 1: What is a Bomb Threat who makes them? Bomb threats are most often made by persons who are intoxicated, emotionally disturbed, upset at the government/employer or individuals looking to avoid school or work. People making threats may be attempting to garner attention and can have many reasons for making a bomb threat. -Statistically persons who cause explosive devices to be delivered do not give any warning = VBIPD

EPO #1: Identify The PSO responsibility to the OEP

Topic 1: What is an OEP? An occupant emergency plan is a critical component of an effective Occupant Emergency Program. The guidelines for an occupant emergency plan (OEP) are based on recognized best practices and meet the requirements of the emergency action plan required under 29 CFR 1910.38 (a). The OEP is a document describing the actions occupants should take to ensure their safety in an emergency situation. These plans are intended to minimize the risk to personnel, property, and other assets within the facility if an incident occurs inside or immediately surrounding the facility by providing facility-specific response procedures for occupants to follow. The OEP establishes a set of procedures to address specific emergency conditions. The designated Official (DO) has overall responsibility for the facility's occupant emergency plan.

EPO #7: Describe Responses to Code Adam, AMBER and SILVER Alerts

Topic 1: What is code Adam? Code Adam, one of the country's largest child-safety programs, was created and named in the memory of 6 year old Adam Waish, whose abduction from a Florida shopping mall and subsequent murder in 1981 brought the horror of child abduction to national attention. On April 23,2003 the "Code Adam Act of 2003" became law.

EPO #2: Describe Response Procedures to Civil Disturbances

Topic 1: When dealing with civil disturbances what are the characteristics of crowds, demonstrations, mobs, riots, and the influences on their behaviors? In the United States, the right lawful assembly is protected under the First amendment of the Constitution.

EPO #2: Identify Common Security Features Found In, and Yes to Determine the Validity of, Identity Documents

Topic 2: P.L.E.A.S.E Check ID P = Photo Is the person standing in front of you the same person in the photo? Are both wearing the same outfit? Individuals will wear the same outfit as in the ID photo in an attempt to convince authorities that are the authorized bearer of the document. L=Logo This is where you will find line detail and quality print. Look for any graphic on a document, be it a seal, flag, intricate design or text, or any other fine line detailed image. Is the image sharp or grainy? Is the color true or an odd shade? Is the print crisp or can you see distinct pixels? If the logo is a circular seal, is it a true circle? MICRO LINE PRINT Very small printed text which normally requires magnification to read. This style of print is usually created by an offset/ lithographic process. Due to its size, micro line print is difficult to reproduce with the clarity and detail of the genuine. To the naked eye, microprint appears to be a broken line. Counterfeiters will try to mimic micro line print by inserting dots, dashes and trash onto a line. micro line print will turn into a solid when photo copied. E=Expiration Date An expired document is not valid for identification purposes. If Presented one, ask for another ID. Compare both documents. Consider this: If you lose your wallet, how many ID documents can you feasibly replace in one day? If more than one document issue and expiration dates. If the subject is wearing the same outfit as in the picture, check the documents in detail. It could be coincidence, but as already stated, people will dress the same as in the picture to convince authorities that are the true bearers of the document. IF YOU DON'T LOOK YOU WON'T CATCH! A=Age Compare the picture to the stated age. Is it realistic? Don't ask the subject for their DOB. They have memorized this. Compute the correct age (i.e. 20) then add two years and offer that age- "You're 22 right? Anyone under 30 usually knows their age to the day and month, and should answer quickly with the correct age. As the age of the person increases, so may the tome it takes for the subject to accurately respond to the question. S=Signature A Signature can also be used as a seal, (i.e. signed half on a photo, half on the document). The mechanics of writing from one surface, and the pen dropping slightly to the second surface procedures a small gap in the ink where the edge of the photo meets that paper. If the photo is substituted, the new photo may cover the natural gap in the ink. Remember, covered data warrants closer scrutiny. E=Evidence of Tampering Any further evidence of tampering not previously discussed, (i.e. Additions, Erasures, Cut & Paste and Type-Over's).

EPO #4: Identify and Respond To Unattended and Suspicious Items

Topic 2: What is a suspicious item? An unattended item is an item that is not immediately in the possession of the owner and is not out of the ordinary by itself. Topic 3: What are some ways to identify if an unattended and suspicious item? Unattended/Suspicious Packages may include any package, envelope, device, object, or unattended baggage that seems out of place or is not readily identified. Other unattended/suspicious packages may include unattended backpacks or briefcases in public or high-traffic areas.

Topic 6: What actions do you take when a facility must SIP?

Upon notification from the Designated Official or designee to implement shelter-in-place procedures for the facility you will immediately notify the FPS MegaCenter. -When shelter-in-place (SIP) is required, you will contact the MegaCenter when you have updates on the status of the emergency. Follow the agency emergency procedures and assist as needed.

EPO #2: Describe exceptions and exemptions to the Prohibited Items List for Federal Facilities

What should you do if someone with a Prohibited Item asks for an expedition to exception? -Follow the procedures in the Facility's post orders and advise the person that they must present their request to the FSC and until the FSC makes a decision, the prohibited item will not be allowed in the facility. Additionally the PSO should contact the MegaCenter and request Federal Protective Service assistance. FPS may respond and provide guidance.

Topic 3: Interacting with Children

When dealing with children, you must try to balance friendliness with firmness. While many children may be afraid or intimidated, others may be curios or even fascinated by you, you'r uniform, and your equipment. Some children may be more outspoken, curious, or even aggressive in their behavior. They may want to know about your equipment, especially your weapon (s). Under no circumstances whatsoever should you ever un-holster your firearm or display other equipment, such as your handcuffs or baton to a child.

Topic 4: What are your actions when responding to an unattended or suspicious item?

You will only notify facility Management and FPS MegaCenter when you are in a safe area. Do not use a cell phone or radio in the immediate area. -If the item is determined to be unattended or suspicious, notify the FPS MegaCenter and initiate 911, if applicable -Notify your supervisor of the incident and the Agency POC

Topic 5: What actions can you take to prevent or reduce violence at a federal facility?

Your awareness of the key signs of workplace violence can prevent or reduce the likelihood of violence in you facility.

Criminal and Civil Liability

a) A person who used force that meets the definition of self-defense is immune from a civil and criminal Liability. b) A law enforcement agency may investigate the use of force was unlawful.