NCE Exam - Lifestyle and Career Development
Edwin Bordin felt that difficulties related to job choice
are indicative or neurotic symptoms
One trend is that women are moving into more careers that in the past were populated by males. Women workers are often impacted by the "glass ceiling phenomenon." Assuming that a counselor's behavior is influenced by the phenomenon, which statement would he most likely make when conducting a career counseling session with a female client who wants to advance to a higher position?
"Let's be rational: A woman can only advance so far. You really have very little if any chance of becoming a corporate executive. I'm here to help you cope with this reality"
The Self-Directed Search (SDS) is
-Based on the work of Holland and yields scores n his six types -Self-administered -Self-scored and self-interpreted
A displaced homemaker might have grown children or
-Be widowed and seeking employment -Be divorced and seeking employment
In terms of the labor market
-The number of employees employers want to hire goes down as salary goes up -The number of employees willing to work for you goes up as the salary increases
ginzberg and his colleagues now believe in a development model of career choice which asserts that
-The process of choosing a career does not end at age 20 or adulthood -Career choice decisions are really made throughout the life span -Career choice is reversible
Lifestyle includes
-Work -Leisure -Style of living
The Guide for occupational exploration (GOE) was published by the US department of labor. The guide lists groups of jobs listed in
14 interest areas
The term "reentry woman" would best describe
A 29 year old female who was babysitting in her home but is currently working at a fast food restaurant
Holland's artistic type seems to value feelings over pure intellect or cognitive ability. Which of the following clients would not be described via the artistic typology?
A 33 year old female drill press operator
SIGI Plus is
A computer career program known as the System of Interactive Guidance and Information that allows students to conduct a self-assessment and explore career options
Holland believed that
A given occupation will tend to attract persons with similair personalities
Most research in the area of career development and its relationship to students indicates that
A very high proportion of students in high school and at the junior high or middle school level wanted guidance in planning a career. Career interests are more stable after college.
The National Vocational Guidance Association was founded in 1913. It was fused with other organizations in 1952 5o become
APGA
John Krumboltz postulated a social learning approach to career choice. This model is based mainly on the work of
Albert Bandura
Self-efficacy theory is based on the work of
Albert Bandura
In the Gelatt Model the predictive system deals with
Alternatives and the probability of outcomes
Counselors who support John Holland's approach believes that
An appropriate job allows one to express his or her personality
The DOT was first published by the department of Labor in 1939. The first three digits in a DOT code referred to
An occupational group
A client says she has always stayed home and raised her children. Now the children are grown and she is seeking employment. She is best described
As a displaced homemaker
Roe reorganized the role of the unconscious mind in terms of career choice. Another theorist who emphasized the unconscious processes in this area of study was
Bordin
Linda Gottfredson's developmental theory of career focuses on
Circumscription and compromise theory
SIGI Plus, Choices and Discover are
Computer Assisted Career Guidance Systems (CACG)
Holland did indeed believe in career stereotypes. in other words the person psychologically defines himself or herself via a given job. Thus, a bookkeeper or a clerical worker would primarily fit into the __________ category
Conventional
A counselor advises a female steer clear of police work as he feels this is a male occupation. This suggests
Counselor bias based on gender bias
The decision making theory, which refers to periods of anticipation and implementation/adjustment, was proposed by
David Tiedman and Robert O'Hara
A dual-career family (or dual-worker couple) is one in which both partners have jobs to which they are committed on a somewhat continuous basis. Which statement is true of dual-career families?
Dual-career families have higher incomes than the so called traditional family in which only one partner is working
In terms of leisure and dual-career families
Dual-career families have less leisure time
Holland's theory would predict that the vice president of the US would be
Enterprising
Initially, Ginzberg and his associates viewed career choice as irreversible and the result of compromises between wishes and realistic possibilities. This theory identified three stages of career development
Fantasy (birth to age 11), Tentative (11 to 17), and realistic (17 to early 20s)
Super's theory emphasizes _______ life stages
Five
A client who says, "I feel I cannot really become an administrator in our agency because I am a woman," is showing an example of
Gender bias
In terms of genetics, Roe's theory would assert that
Genetics help to determine intelligence and education, and hence this influences one's career choice
Developmental career theorists view career choice as an on going or so called longitudinal process rather than a single decision made at one point in time. The pioneer theorists in this area who were the first to forsake the matching models - were
Ginzberg, Ginsburg, Axelrad and Herma
Most research would suggest that a woman who has the same intelligence, skills and potential as a man will often
Have lower career aspirations than a man
Holland relied on a personality theory of career choice. Hoppock's theory, based on the work of ______________ is also considered a personality approach
Henry Murray
Most experts would free that a resume
Is like an art project and must look good
Midlife career change
Is not that unusual
In the dual-career family, partners seem to be more self-sufficient than in the traditional family. In a dual-career household, the woman
Is typically secure in her career before she has children
Research into the phenomenon of career maturity reflects the work of
John Crites
As you walk into a professional seminar on career counseling you note that the instructor is drawing a hexagon on the blackboard. The instructor is most likely discussing
John Holland
Edmund Griffith Williamson's work (or so called Minnesota viewpoint) purports to be scientific and didactic, utilizing test data from interments such as the
Minnesota Occupational Rating Scales
The notion of the hidden job market would suggest that
Most jobs are not advertised
In regard to an individual's behavioral style or so-called modal orientation. Holland believed that
Most people are not pure personality types and thus can best be described by a distribution of types such as realistic, social, investigative (RSI)
A counselor wants to suggest an easy to read source for a client in search of career information. The counselor should recommend
OOH
A counselor who is interested in trends in the job market should consult the
OOH
A counselor doing multicultural career counseling should be aware
Of his or her own ethnocentric biases
All of the following are examples of Anne Roe's "levels" except
Outdoor
The trait-and-factor career counseling, actuarial or matching approach (which matches clients which a job) is associated with
Parsons and Williamson
A fairly recent model to explain a career development is the decision approach. The Gelatt Decision Model created by Harry B Gelatt refers to information as "the fuel of the decision." The Gelatt Model asserts that information can be organized into three systems
Predictive, value and decision
Which counselor would most likely say that we choose a job to meet our needs?
Robert Hoppock
The Strong Interest Inventory (SCII) is based on John Holland's theory. The test assumes that a person who is interested in a given subject will experience
Satisfaction in a job in which those working in the occupation have similar interests
The Ooh contains approximately 800 job descriptions. Job trends suggest that
Service jobs will account for virtually all the job growth
A career counselor who is helping a client design a resume
Should emphasize the importance of a cover letter
Lifestyle and career development have been emphasized
Since the beginning of the counseling and guidance movement and are still major areas of concern
Holland categorized _____________ personally orientations which correspond to analogous work environments
Six
Holland mentioned six model orientations: artistic, conventional, enterprising, investigative, realistic and social. A middle school counselor is most likely
Social
A client who lives her flower arranging job begins doing flower arranging in her spare time on weekends and after work. This phenomenon is best described as
Spillover
Studies indicate that
Students want more vocational guidance that they recieve
A client who becomes a professional football players because he unconsciously likes to hurt people would be utilizing ____________ according to Brill's theory of career choice
Sublimation
Another career theorist who drew upon psychoanalytical doctrines was A.A. Brill emphasized ___________as an ego-defense mechanism
Sublimation
A counselor who favors a behavioristic mode of career counseling would most likely
Suggest a site visit to a work setting
the Strong is considered an Interest inventory. so is
The Kuder, created by George Fredric Kuder
Some support for Roe's theory comes from
The Rorschach and the TAT
Which statement is not true of the trait-and-factor approach to career counseling?
The approach is developmental and thus focuses on career maturity
At a case staffing, one career counselor says to another, "The client's disability suggests she can only physically handle sedentary work." This technically implies
The client will not need to lift over ten pounds
A male client who hates his job is trying desperately to be the perfect father, husband and family man. This phenomenon is best described as
The compensatory effect
In 1909 a landmark book entitled "choosing a vocation" was released. The book was written by Frank Parsons. Parsons has been called
The father of vocational guidance
An SDS score will reveal
The individual's three highest scores based on Holland's personality types
Super's theory includes
The life career rainbow
When career counselors speak of the OOH they are referring to
The occupational Outlook Handbook
The most popular developmental career theorist is Donald Super. Super emphasizes....
The self-concept
All of the following are difficulties with career testing except
The tests all take at least three hours to administer
When professional career counselors use the term "leisure" they technically mean
The time the client has away from work which is not being utilized for obligations
Today, the most popular approach to career choice reflects
The work of John Holland
A counselor with a masters degree who is working for minimum wage at a fast food restaurant due to lack of jobs in the field is a victim of
Underemployment
All of the following are examples of Anne Roe's "fields" except
Unskilled
According to the concept of wage discrimination
Women make less than men for doing the same job
At its zenith the DOT listed
approximately 30,000 job titles
One major category of career theory is known as the trait-factor (also called the trait and factor) approach. It has also been dubbed the actuarial or matching approach. This approach
attempts to match the worker and the work environment (job factors). The approach thus makes the assumption that there is one best or single career for the person
Anne Roe suggested a personality approach to career choice
based on the premise that a job satisfies an unconscious need
The leading method adults use to find career information in the US is
by securing information via the newspaper
Roe was the first career specialist to utilize a two-dimensional system of occupational classification utilizing
fields and levels
The trait-and-factor approach fails to take _____________into account
individual change throughout the life span
A 37 year old caucasian male states during a counseling sessions that he is working as a clerk at main strew plumbing. This verbalization depicts the client's
job or position
Roe's theory relies of abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs in the sense that in terms of career choice
lower order needs take precedence over higher order needs
Statistics reveal that
on average, a worker with a bachelor's degree earns over $10,000 a year more than a worker with a high school diploma
Most experts in the field of career counseling would classify Roe, Brill and Holland as ____________ theories
personality
A client who wishes to work on an assembly line would fit into Holland's ____________ typology
realistic
According to Anne Roe, who categorized occupations by fields and levels,
the choice of a career helps to satisfy an individual's needs
Occupational apptitiude tests such as the differential aptitude test (DAT), the armed services vocational aptitude test battery (ASVAB) and the O*NET ability profiler grew out of the
trait and factor movement related to career counseling
The trait-and-factor or actuarial approach asserts that
- Testing is an important part of the counseling process -A counselor can match the correct person with the appropriate job
The model Krumboltz suggested is
A behavioristic model of career development
The U.S. employment service created the
GATB
Holland's psychological needs career personality theory would say that a research chemist is primarily the __________ type.
Investigative
The concept of job clubs as promoted by Azrin et al.
Is very behavioristic
According to the concept of occupational sex segregation
Most women hold low paying jobs with low status
In the DOT each job was given a ____ digit code
Nine
You are working as a counselor for a major university. A student wants detailed statistics about the average wages in her state. The best resource would be
The bureau of labor statistics website
Roe Spoke of three basic parenting styles: overprotective, avoid ant, or acceptant. The result is that the child
Will develop a personality which gravitates (i.e. moves) toward people or away from people
