NCLEX CHAPTER 49 -Hematological and Oncological Medications

The nurse is reviewing the history and physical examination of a client who will be receiving asparaginase, an antineoplastic agent. The nurse contacts the health care provider before administering the medication if which disorder is documented in the client's history? 1. Pancreatitis 2. Diabetes mellitus 3. Myocardial infarction 4. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1. Pancreatitis

The nurse is monitoring the intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the insertion site. On inspection of the site, the nurse notes redness and swelling and that the infusion of the medication has slowed in rate. The nurse suspects extravasation and should take which actions? Select all that apply. 1. Stop the infusion. 2. Notify the health care provider (HCP). 3. Prepare to apply ice or heat to the site. 4. Restart the IV at a distal part of the same vein. 5. Prepare to administer a prescribed antidote into the site. 6. Increase the flow rate of the solution to flush the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

1. Stop the infusion. 2. Notify the health care provider (HCP). 3. Prepare to apply ice or heat to the site. 5. Prepare to administer a prescribed antidote into the site.

A client with metastatic breast cancer is receiving tamoxifen. The nurse specifically monitors which laboratory value while the client is taking this medication? 1. Glucose level 2. Calcium level 3. Potassium level 4. Prothrombin time

2. Calcium level

The nurse is providing medication instructions to a client with breast cancer who is receiving cyclophosphamide. The nurse should tell the client to take which action? 1. Take the medication with food. 2. Increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL daily. 3. Decrease sodium intake while taking the medication. 4. Increase potassium intake while taking the medication.

2. Increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL daily.

A client with acute myelocytic leukemia is being treated with busulfan. Which laboratory value would the nurse specifically monitor during treatment with this medication? 1. Clotting time 2. Uric acid level 3. Potassium level 4. Blood glucose level

2. Uric acid level

The nurse is monitoring the laboratory results of a client receiving an antineoplastic medication by the intravenous route. The nurse plans to initiate bleeding precautions if which laboratory result is noted? 1. A clotting time of 10 minutes 2. An ammonia level of 10 mcg/dL (6 mcmol/L). 3. A platelet count of 50,000 mm3 (50 × 109/L) 4. A white blood cell count of 5000 mm3 (5.0 × 109/L)

3. A platelet count of 50,000 mm3 (50 × 109/L)

Tamoxifen citrate is prescribed for a client with metastatic breast carcinoma. The client asks the nurse if her family member with bladder cancer can also take this medication. The nurse most appropriately responds by making which statement? 1. "This medication can be used only to treat breast cancer." 2. "Yes, your family member can take this medication for bladder cancer as well." 3. "This medication can be taken to prevent and treat clients with breast cancer." 4. "This medication can be taken by anyone with cancer as long as their health care provider approves it."

3. "This medication can be taken to prevent and treat clients with breast cancer."

A client with small cell lung cancer is being treated with etoposide. The nurse monitors the client during administration, knowing that which adverse effect is specifically associated with this medication? 1. Alopecia 2. Chest pain 3. Pulmonary fibrosis 4. Orthostatic hypotension

4. Orthostatic hypotension

A clinic nurse prepares a teaching plan for a client receiving an antineoplastic medication. When implementing the plan, the nurse should make which statement to the client? 1. "You can take aspirin as needed for headache." 2. "You can drink beverages containing alcohol in moderate amounts each evening." 3. "You need to consult with the health care provider (HCP) before receiving immunizations." 4. "It is fine to receive a flu vaccine at the local health fair without HCP approval because the flu is so contagious."

3. "You need to consult with the health care provider (HCP) before receiving immunizations."

The nurse is analyzing the laboratory results of a client with leukemia who has received a regimen of chemotherapy. Which laboratory value would the nurse specifically note as a result of the massive cell destruction that occurred from the chemotherapy? 1. Anemia 2. Decreased platelets 3. Increased uric acid level 4. Decreased leukocyte count

3. Increased uric acid level

Chemotherapy dosage is frequently based on total body surface area (BSA), so it is important for the nurse to perform which assessment before administering chemotherapy? 1. Measure the client's abdominal girth. 2. Calculate the client's body mass index. 3. Measure the client's current weight and height. 4. Ask the client about his or her weight and height.

3. Measure the client's current weight and height.

A client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is receiving daunorubicin. Which finding would indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect related to the medication? 1. Fever 2. Sores in the mouth and throat 3. Complaints of nausea and vomiting 4. Crackles on auscultation of the lungs

4. Crackles on auscultation of the lungs

A client with ovarian cancer is being treated with vincristine. The nurse monitors the client, knowing that which manifestation indicates an adverse effect specific to this medication? 1. Diarrhea 2. Hair loss 3. Chest pain 4. Peripheral neuropathy

4. Peripheral neuropathy

A client with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx is receiving bleomycin intravenously. The nurse caring for the client anticipates that which diagnostic study will be prescribed? 1. Echocardiography 2. Electrocardiography 3. Cervical radiography 4. Pulmonary function studies

4. Pulmonary function studies

Megestrol acetate, an antineoplastic medication, is prescribed for a client with metastatic endometrial carcinoma. The nurse reviews the client's history and should contact the health care provider if which diagnosis is documented in the client's history? 1. Gout 2. Asthma 3. Myocardial infarction 4. Venous thromboembolism

4. Venous thromboembolism