Nervous System - Part 2

Name the two types of reflexes

Automatic reflexes, somatic reflexes

Function of sensory neuron

Carries message to integration center

Function of motor neuron

Carries messages to the effector

Name the three regions of the cerebral hemisphere

Cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter, & basal nuclei

Name the 4 parts of the brain

Cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

Describe the three-neuron arc

Consists of reception sensory neuron, only spinal cord and back, motor neuron and effector, example flexor reflex - withdrawal

Function of sensory neuron

Detects stimulus

Describe automatic reflex

Effector organs are involuntary, regulation of smooth muscles, heart & glands, example salivary, defecation, pupillary reflexes, sweating, changes in blood pressure, & digestion

Describe somatic reflex

Effector organs are voluntary, activation of skeletal muscles, example pulling hand away from painful object, patellar reflex

Name the four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere

Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, & temporal lobe

Describe the basal nuclei

Grey matter

Describe the cerebral cortex

Grey matter - unmyelinated neurons

Describe the other reflex arc

Involve more than 3 neurons, many involve the brain rather than the spinal cord, take longer to occur as a result of more neurons on chain

Function of effector organ

Muscle or gland that is stimulated

Describe the cerebral white matter

Myelinated neurons

What is a reflex arc?

Neural pathway that reflexes occur

Describe the two-neuron reflex arc

Only 2 neuron with a synapse inbetween, simplest type, sensory neuron and motor neuron, example knee jerk - patellar reflex

Describe the cerebral hemisphere

Paired left & right part, separated by the longitudinal tissues, includes more than 1/2 of brain, surface is made of elevated ridges - gyri and grooves - sulci, many can be important anatomical landmarks

Function of integration center

Process info, detects motor output - synapse or interneuron

What is a reflex?

Rapid, predictable & involuntary response to stimuli

What are the 5 elements of a reflex arc?

Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, & effector organ

What are the types of reflex arcs?

Two-neuron reflex arc, three-neuron reflex arc, other reflex arc