Neuro Part 2-Pharmacology

A patient is to start taking amitriptyline. For which of the following should the health care provider instruct the patient to monitor and report? (Select all that apply) A) Blurred vision B) Urinary hesitancy C) Diarrhea D) Joint pain E) Tachycardia

A, B, E

Valproic acid (Depakote) Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Anti-epileptic drugs

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Haloperidol (Haldol)

Antipsychotics

Risperidone (Risperdol)

Atypical Antipsychotics

Diazepam (Valium) Alprazolam (Xanax) Lorazepam (Ativan)

Benzodiazepines

Betaxolol (Betoptic) Timolol (Timoptic)

Beta-adrenergic blockers

When talking to a patient about taking buspirone, the healthcare professional should include which of the following instructions? A) Take the drug with grapefruit juice to increase absorption B) Use the drug only as needed for anxiety C) Allow 2-4 weeks before expecting to feel better D) Take the drug on an empty stomach

C) Allow 2-4 weeks before expecting to feel better

A healthcare professional is talking to a patient who is taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid). Which of the following instructions should be included to reduce the risk of lithium toxicity? A) Consume a low-sodium diet B) Reduce fluid intake C) Avoid taking NSAIDs D) Take the drug with food

C) Avoid taking NSAIDs NSAIDs increase renal absorption of lithium and sodium. Patients taking lithium should not take NSAIDs

When reviewing the adverse effects of drug therapy with a patient, a health care professional should explain that orthostatic hypotension is a common adverse reaction of which of the following drugs? A) Venlafaxine B) Bupropion (Wellbutrin) C) Imipramine (Tofranil) D) Valproic acid (Depakote)

C) Imipramine (Tofranil) A tricyclic antidepressant, can result in orthostatic hypotension. Patients taking this drug should change positions slowly from sitting or lying to standing.

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) to treat bipolar disorder, Which of the following diagnostic tests should the healthcare professional recommend periodically for the patient? A) Chest x-ray B) Tonometry C) Thyroid function tests D) Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancretography (ERCP)

C) Thyroid function tests

Pilocarpine (Pilocar, Isopto, Carpine)

Cholinergic agonists

Echothiophate (Phospholine (Iodide)

Cholinesterase inhibitors

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with spasms of his face and back. He has recently begun taking chlorpromazine to treat schizophrenia. Which of the following adverse reactions should the healthcare professional suspect? A) Cholinergic crisis B) Serotonin syndrome C) Stevens-Johnson syndrome D) Acute dystonia

D) Acute dystonia S/S= muscle spasms of the back, neck, face, and tongue

A healthcare professional should expect which of the following adverse effects for a patient who is taking betaxolol (Betoptic) eye drops to treat glaucoma? A) Constricted pupils B) Discoloration of the iris C) HTN D) Bradycardia

D) Bradycardia

A healthcare professional is collecting data from the patient who is taking bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) to treat depression. The healthcare professional notes that the patient has a recent history of a head injury. She should recognize that the drug is inappropriate for the patient because of the increased risk for which of the following? A) Ischemic stroke B) Drowsiness C) Respiratory depression D) Seizure activity

D) Seizure activity

Soon after beginning fluoxetine (Prozac), a patient is admitted to the emergency department with agitation and confusion. The healthcare professional should suspect which of the following? A) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome B) Stevens-Johnson syndrome C) Extrapyramidal symptoms D) Serotonin syndrome

D) Serotonin syndrome It is an SSRI

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has been taking alprazolam (Xanax) for an extended period of time to treat anxiety. The healthcare professional should recognize that stopping alprazolam thearpy suddenly can result in which of the following? A) Anterograde amnesia B) Respiratory depression C) Pardoxical reaction D) Withdrawal symptoms

D) Withdrawal symptoms

Lithium Carbonate (Lithobid)

Lithium for Bipolar Disorder

Phenelzine (Nardil)

MAOI

Buspirone (BuSpar)

Non-benzodiazepine

Venlafaxine (Effexor)

SNRI

Fluoxetine (Prozac) Paroxetine (Paxil) Sertraline (Zoloft)

SSRI

amitriptylin (Elavil)

Tricylic antidepressant

You are instrucing a patient about taking phenelzine (Nardil) to treat depression. Which of the following foods should you tell the patient to avoid? A) Aged cheese B) Milk C) Potato chips D) Candy

A) Aged cheese

A healthcare professional should question the use of timolol (Timoptic) for a patient who has which of the following disorders? A) Asthma B) Seizure disorder C) Diabetes mellitus D) Rheumatoid arthritis

A) Asthma

Which of the following drugs used to treat glaucoma by lowering intraocular pressure is a beta-adrenergic receptor blocker? A) Betaxolol (Betoptic) B) Pilocarpine C) Latanoprost (Xalatan) D) Acetazolamide (Diamox)

A) Betaxolol (Betaoptic)

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking echothiophate (Phospholine Iodide) to treat glaucoma. The health care professional should monitor the patient for the development of which of the following adverse effects? A) Cataracts B) Tachycardia C) Farsightedness D) Urinary retention

A) Cataracts It is a cholinesterase inhibitor

A healthcare professional is obtaining a patient's drug history when he finds that the patient is taking lithium carbonate (lithobid) for bipolar disorder. Which of the following findings in the patient's drug history should alert the healthcare professional to monitor for lithium toxicity? A) Furosemide (Lasix) for HTN B) Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for headaches C) Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) for a urinary tract infection D) Montelukast (Singulair) for asthma

A) Furosemide (Lasix) for HTN

A nurse is working in a mental health clinic is caring for a client who has OCD and recently started a new prescription of buspirone (BuSpar). The client tells the nurse that the medication has not helped him sleep and that he is still having obsessive compulsions. Which of the following statements is an appropriate response by the nurse? A) It may take several weeks before you feel like the medication is helping B) take the medication just before bedtime to promote sleep C) you should take the medication on an as-needed basis when you experience obsessive urges D) Your provider may need to increase your prescription due to developing tolerance

A) IT make take several weeks before you feel like the medication is helping

When caring for a patient who is taking risperidone (Risperdal) for schizophrenia, the healthcare professional should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of drugs? A) Polyuria B) Seizures C) Chest pain D) Paresthesias

A) Polyuria

A healthcare professional is caring for a young adult patient who is taking fluxetine (Prozac) to treat depression. The healthcare professional should tell the patient that the patient's family to report which of the following? A) Suicidal thoughts B) Excessive salivation C) Double vision D) Fever

A) Suicidal thoughts

A patient is taking risperidone (Risperdal) for schizophrenia. Recognizing the adverse effects of risperidone, you advice the patient to monitor for and report which of the following? A) Tremor B) Weight loss C) Oral ulcers D) Bronchospasm

A) Tremor

A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription of phenelzine (Nardil) for the treatment of depression. Which of the following indicates that the client has developed an adverse effect of this medication? A) orthostatic hypotension B) hearing loss C) GI bleed D) weight loss

A) orthostatic hypotension

A healthcare professional should monitor an older adult patient who is taking alprazolam (Xanax) for which of the following adverse effects? (Select all that apply) A) Tolerance B) Anxiety C) Sedation D) Respiratory depression E) Constipation

A, B, C, D

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking lithium carbonate (Lithobid) to treat bipolar disorder. The healthcare professional should caution the patient to watch for which of the following indications of lithium toxicity? (Select all that apply) A) Tremors B) Confusion C) Bronchospasm D) Nausea E) Muscle weakness

A, B, D, E

A health care professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin amitriptyline therapy to treat major depression. The healthcare professional should include which of the following instructions when talking with the patient about taking the drug? (Select all that apply) A) Change positions slowly B) Do not stop taking the drug abruptly C) Wear sunscreen and protective clothing D) Take the drug at bedtime to prevent daytime drowsiness E) Increase fiber and fluid intake

A, B, D, E It's a Tricyclic antidepressant

Which of the following instructions should a healthcare professional include when advising a patient about instilling pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine) for managing open-angle glaucoma? (select all that apply) A) Apply gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct for 1 minute after instilling drops B) Do not touch the tip of the dropper C) Wash hands after instilling the drops D) Rub eyes gently after instilling the drops E) Remove contact lenses prior to instilling the drops

A, B, E

A nurse is providing follow-up dietary teaching for a client who recently was prescribed phenelzine (Nardil). When reviewing the client's dietary log, which of the following foods requires a need for further teaching? A) cottage cheese B) banana bread C) apple pie D) grilled steak

B) Banana bread

During and immediately following IV administration of chlorpromazine to a patient who has schizoaffective disorder the healthcare professional should monitor for which of the following? A) Cardiac output B) Blood pressure C) Urine specific gravity D) Oxygen saturation

B) Blood pressure

A healthcare professional should advise a patient who is taking phenelzine (Nardil) to avoid tyramine-enriched foods because of an increased risk for which of the following adverse reactions? A) Respiratory depression B) Hypertensive crisis C) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome D) Serotonin Syndrome

B) Hypertensive crisis

A nurse is working in an emergency department is caring for a client who has benzodiazepine toxicity due to an overdose. Which of the following is the priority nursing action? A) administer flumazenil (Romazicon) B) Identify the patient's level of consciousness C) Infuse IV fluids D) Prepare the client for gastric lavage

B) Identify the patient's level of cosciousness

You are instructing a patient about buspirone. You inform the patient to monitor and report a paradoxical reaction to buspirone. Which of the following is a paradoxical effect of buspirone? A) Chest pain B) Insomnia C) Diaphoresis D) Fever

B) Insomnia

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is about to begin using betaxolol (Betoptic) eye drops to treat open-angle glaucoma. The health care professional should advise the patient to expect which of the following reactions? A) Diaphoresis B) Ocular stinging C) Eyelid twitching D) Nasal discharge

B) Ocular stinging

While talking with a patient about taking chlorpromazine, which of the following instructions should the healthcare professional include? A) Stop taking the drug immediately with the first sign of a sore throat B) Wear sunscreen when exposed to sunlight C) Take the drug with food to reduce GI distress D) Take the drug in the morning to prevent nocturia

B) Wear sunscreen when exposed to sunlight

A healthcare professional should question the use of alprazolam (Xanax) for a patient who A) Takes valproic acid (Depakote) for a seizure disorder B) drinks two 8 oz glasses of wine each evening C) has a hx of thromboembolism D) takes prednisone (Prelone) for rheumatoid arthritis

B) drinks two 8 oz glasses of wine each evening

Early clinical manifestations of lithium (Lithobid) toxicity include which of the following? (Select all that apply) A) Seizures B) Nausea C) Hypotension D) Ataxia E) Muscle weakness

B) nausea E) muscle weakness

A patient is taking venlafaxine to treat major depression. Which of the following information should you include when instructing the patient and family about the use of venlafaxine? (Select all that apply) A) D/c it immediately for increased depression B) Take it with food to reduce gastric disturbances C) Monitor and report insomnia D) Have blood pressure checked regularly E) Check with the provider before taking any herbal supplements

B, C, D, E

When reviewing the indications for various antidepressants, a healthcare professional should understand that bupropion hydrochloride (Wellbutrin) is an appropriate choice for patients who have which of the following? (Select all that apply) A) Motion sickness B) Seasonal effective disorder C) Insomnia D) Nicotine addiction E) Depression

B, D, E

During an assessment of a patient taking chlorpromazine, the provider notes a slow shuffling gait, rigid facial expression, and fine tremors. The provider recognizes this as which of the following? A) Acute dystonia B) Tardive dyskinesia C) Parkinsonism D) Akathisia

C) Parkinsonism

A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who is taking venlafaxine to treat major depression. The healthcare professional should recognize that which of the following drugs can cause serotonin syndrome when patients take it concurrently with venlafaxine? A) Alprazolam (Xanax) B) Phenytoin (Dilantin) C) Phenelzine (Nardil) D) Pilocarpine (Isopto Carpine)

C) Phenelzine (Nardil)

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription to start buspirone (BuSpar) in place of diazepam (Valium). The client has a history of panic disorder and cirrhosis of the liver. The client asks why his provider is making the medication change. Which of the following statements is an appropriate response by the nurse? A) Diazepam can cause seizures as an adverse side effect B) Diazepam is not indicated for the treatment of panic disorder C) Buspirone is a safe medication for clients who have liver dysfunction D) Buspirone has less risk for dependency than other treatment options

D) Buspirone has less risk for dependency than other treatment options

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is to begin taking fluxetine (Prozac) for PTSD. Which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching? A) You may have a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication B) you should take this medication at bedtime to help promote sleep C) you will have fewer urinary adverse effects if you urinate just before taking this medication D) you'll need to wear sunglasses when outdoors due to the light sensitivity caused by this medication

A) You may have a decreased desire for intimacy while taking this medication