Neurologic Disorders
When providing discharge teaching for a client with multiple sclerosis (MS), the nurse should include which instruction?
"Avoid hot baths and showers."
A client with newly diagnosed seizures asks about stigma associated with epilepsy. The nurse will respond with which of the following statements?
"Many people with developmental disabilities resulting from neurologic damage also have epilepsy."
A client with Guillain-Barré syndrome has paralysis affecting the respiratory muscles and requires mechanical ventilation. When the client asks the nurse about the paralysis, how should the nurse respond?
"The paralysis caused by this disease is temporary."
A client with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse what their treatment is supposed to do since the disease is progressive. What would be the nurse's best response?
"Treatment aims at keeping you independent as long as possible."
A client with myasthenia gravis is admitted with an exacerbation. The nurse is educating the client about plasmapherisis and explains this in which of the following statements?
Antibodies are removed from the plasma.
Which of the following is the earliest sign of increasing ICP?
Change in level of consciousness
A client you are caring for experiences a seizure. What would be a priority nursing action?
Protect the client from injury.
The patient is receiving intravenous phenytoin (Dilantin) for a seizure disorder. The correct administration of this medication includes which of the following?
The rate of administration should not be faster than 50 mg/minute.
Medical management of arthropod-borne virus (arboviral) encephalitis is aimed at
controlling seizures and increased intracranial pressure.
A client has been hospitalized for diagnostic testing. The client has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which the physician explains is an autoimmune disorder. How would the nurse explain an autoimmune disease to the client?
A disorder in which killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells—those cells that are "self"
The nurse is expecting to admit a client with a diagnosis of meningitis. While preparing the client's room, which of the following would the nurse most likely have available?
Equipment to maintain infection control precautions
A client with weakness and tingling in both legs is admitted to the medical-surgical unit with a tentative diagnosis of Guillain-Barré syndrome. On admission, which assessment is most important for this client?
Lung auscultation and measurement of vital capacity and tidal volume
Which well-recognized sign of meningitis is exhibited when the patient's neck is flexed and flexion of the knees and hips is produced?
Positive Brudzinski sign
Guillain-Barré syndrome is an autoimmune attack on the peripheral myelin sheath. Which of the following is an action of myelin?
Speeds nerve impulse transmission
The primary North American vector transmitting arthropod-borne virus encephalitis is the
mosquito
The patient with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is receiving acyclovir (Zovirax). The nurse monitors blood chemistry test results and urinary output for
overmedication
The patient with herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is receiving acyclovir (Zovirax). The nurse monitors blood chemistry test results and urinary output for
renal complications related to acyclovir therapy.
A client is diagnosed with a brain tumor. As the nurse assists the client from the bed to a chair, the client begins having a generalized seizure. Which action should the nurse take first? You selected:
Assist the client to the floor, in a side-lying position, and protect him with linens.
Parkinson's' disease (PD) results in a decreased level of which of the following neurotransmitters?
Dopamine
A client arrives at the emergency department complaining of extreme muscle weakness after minimal effort. The physician suspects myasthenia gravis. Which drug will be used to test for this disease?
Edrophonium (Tensilon)