Neurological System pt.1 CTA Quiz
A nurse is teaching a client who received a prescription for interferon beta-1a for the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Which of the following information should the nurse include? 1. "have kidney function tests done every month for a year" 2. "take an extra dose if muscle aches occur" 3. "store the drug at room temperature after mixing it" 4. "administer the drug in your thigh or upper arm"
"administer the drug in your thigh or upper arm" interferon beta-1 is administered via the subcutaneous route. Therefore, the nurse should instruct the client how to perform subcutaneous injections for self-administration
An ER nurse receives a patient who was recently diagnosed with epilepsy, is taking the anti epileptic drug lamotrigine, and also takes an antihypertensive daily. The patient has severe headache and his BP is 180/110. This is likely due to: 1. side effects of the drug lamotrigine 2. the patient is nervous because of the recent diagnosis 3. a drug interaction between the drugs the patient is prescribed 4. the patient is tired due to seizure activity
a drug interaction between the drug the patient is prescribed
A nurse is teaching the family of a client who has a newly diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease about donepezil. Which of the following information should the nurse include? 1. monitor for constipation 2. the dosage will be increased weekly to provide optimum therapeutic effect. 3. administering the drug immediately before going to bed because it causes drowsiness and dizziness 4. avoid the use of NSAIDs for pain
avoid NSAIDs combining NSADIs with donepezil can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefor, the nurse should instruct the clients family to avoid the use of NSAIDs
A nurse is teaching a patient who has a prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. avoid driving until the drugs effects are evident 2. stop taking the drug immediately if headache occurs 3. take the drug as needed for spasticity 4. take the drug with antacids to reduce gastric effects
avoid driving until the drugs effect are evident Baclofen, a centrally-acting muscle relaxant, causes CNS depression. Clients taking the drug should avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, and should not drive a vehicle until they know how the drug will affect them
A nurse is teaching a client who has Alzheimers disease and their caregiver about memantine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. increase fluid intake to improve renal excretion 2. report memory loss or confusion 3. watch for signs of liver impairment, such as jaundice and abdominal pain 4. avoid taking over the counter antacids
avoid taking over the counter antacids
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client avoid adverse effect of this drug? 1. begin taking it at a lower dose 2. discontinue the drug immediately if diarrhea occurs 3. have serum glucose levels checked regularly 4. take the drug on an empty stomach
begin taking drug at a lower dose visual disturbance, vertigo, and ataxia can result from taking carbamazepine, a drug that treat seizure disorders. Dosage should be low to minimize or prevent these adverse effects.
A nurse is teaching the effects of carbamazepine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to help the client avoid effects of this drug? 1. begin taking the drug at a low dosage 2. discontinue the drug immediately if diarrhea occurs 3. have serum glucose levels checked regularly 4. take the drug on an empty stomach
begin taking the drug at a low dosage visual disturbances, vertigo, and ataxia an result from taking carbamazepine, a drug that treats seizure disorders. Dosages should be minimized to prevent these adverse attacks
A nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa/carbidopa to treat Parkison's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension 2. eat a high protein snack to increase absorption 3. take the drug at bed time to avoid daytime drowsiness 4. expect eye twitching to develop with long-term therapy
change positions slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension
A nurse is teaching a client who is about to begin sumitriptian therapy to treat migraine headaches. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? 1. chest pain 2. poyluria 3. joint pain 4. insomnia
chest pain Sumatriptan, a serotonin agonist, can cause coronary vasospasm and chest pain. Clients should report any pressure, or tightness in the jaw, chest, or back. Sumatriptan is not an appropriate choice for clients who have a history of coronary artery disease
A nurse is preparing to administer mematine to a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following findings in the clients medical history indicates a need to withhold the drug and notify the provider? 1. pancreatic cancer 2. hypotension 3. cirrhosis 4. osteoporosis
cirrhosis Memantine should be used cautiously in clients who have severe hepatic impairment. The nurse should contact the provider about the clients history of cirrhosis to see if laboratory testing is required before starting the drug or if the dosage needs to be adjusted
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for pramipexole to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should recognize that which of the following laboratory tests requires monitoring? 1. c-reative protein 2. creatinine clearance 3. thyroid function 4. CBC
creatinine clearance Pramipexole, a direct-acting dopamine receptor agonist, should be used with caution for clients who have real disease. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client's renal function.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spams. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects? 1. slow heart rate 2. cough 3. diarrhea 4. hearing loss
diarrhea prolonged diarrhea can cause dehydration and other serious effects. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting are adverse effects of dantrolene. The client should report these effects so the nurse can monitor fluid balance and interventions accordingly.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? (select all that apply) 1. hirsutism 2. drowsiness 3. headache 4. ataxia 5. rash
drowsiness, headache, rash Clients taking valproic acid should report CNS depressant effect such as sedation or drowsiness, because their adverse effects can indicate the need for a reduction in dose valproic acid (depakote) can cause HA, a long with CNS adverse effects, such as sleep disturbances Rash is an adverse effect of this and other antiepileptic drugs
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking interferon beta-1b. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a potential serious adverse effect of this drug? 1. Tinnitus 2. twitching eyelids 3. blue green skin discoloration 4. fatigue
fatigue The nurse should identify that potential serious adverse effects of interferon beta-1b include unexplained bruising, bleeding, and fatigue. Clients should report these adverse effect to their provider immediately because they can indicate bone marrow suppression and decreased platelet count
A nurse is teaching a client who has new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease about how levodopa/carbidopa can help control symptoms. The nurse should identify that the drug has which of the following has pharmacological effects? 1. increases available acetylcholine in the brain 2. inhibits norepinephrine metabolism in the brain 3. inhibits serotonin metabolism in the brain 4. increases available dopamine in the brain
increases available dopamine in the brain Levodopa/carpidopa, a dopaminergic agent, can increases dopamine in the extrapyramidal center of the brain, reducing involuntary motion, or tremors, associated with Parkinson's disease.
The nurse is caring for a patient with unstable epilepsy. IV phenytoin is prescribed. Which administration technique will the nurse use for this medication? 1. administer the drug by rapid IV push 2. infuse slowly, not exceeding 50 mg/min 3. mix the medication with dextrose solution 4. administer via continuous infusion
infuse slowly, not exceeding 50 mg/min
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat seizure disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? 1. hirsutism 2. depression 3. jaundice 4. gum irritation
jaundice valproic acid can cause hepatic toxicity, characterized by jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea. Clients taking the drug should report these manifestations, and the nurse should monitor liver function studies prior to treatment and periodically during therapy.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spams. The nurse should identify that which of of the following laboratory tests require monitoring? 1. serum potassium 2. liver function 3. serum sodium 4. thyroid function
liver function liver toxicity is a serious adverse effect of dantrolene. the nurse should monitor the client's liver function prior to treatment and at regular intervals and adjust the client to report jaundice or abdominal pain
Before a patient is to receive phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse knows that which lab result is of greatest concern? 1. high white blood cell count 2.low serum albumin levels 3. low platelet levels 4. high hemoglobin levels
low serum albumin levels
A nurse is preparing to administer sumatriptan to a client for the first time. The nurse should instruct the client that sumatriptan is indicated for which of the following conditions? 1. tonic-clonic seizures 2. presence of a migraine headache 3. exacerbation of multiple sclerosis 4. Alzheimer's
migraine headache sumitriptan is used for the treatment of migraine headache (abortive)
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking selegiline to treat Parkinsons disease. The provider is considering the use of analgesics for the client but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegiline and merperdine can result in which of the following? 1. frequent urination 2. jaundice 3. cellulitis 4. muscle rigidity
muscle rigidity A drug interaction between selegiline and opioids, especially meperidine, can result in a serious reaction resulting in rigidity, stupor, agitation, hypertension and fever
A nurse is administering fentanyl to a client to reduce pain. Which of the following drugs should the nurse have available to reverse the effects of fentanyl? 1. neostigmine 2. succinylcholine 3. Naloxone 4. dantrolone
naloxone naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids. Fentanyl, an opioid agonist, can cause severe respiratory depression. The nurse should also have resuscitation equipment available when administering fentanyl to a client
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking donepezil to treat Alzheimer's disease. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor? 1. confusion 2. dry mouth 3. nausea 4. double vision
nausea the most common adverse effects of donepezil, a cholinesterase inhibitor, are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Taking donepezil with food can help minimize adverse effects
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has a newly diagnosed seizure disorder and a new prescription for valproic acid and phenytoin. The nurse should identify that which of the following can occur as a result of an interaction between these drugs? 1. hyperammonemia 2. phenytoin toxicity 3. hypertension 4. peptic ulcer disease
phenytoin toxicity Valproic acid can cause amp increase in phenytoin blood levels, resulting in phenytoin toxicity. The nurse should monitor serum phenytoin level and notify the provider if levels begin to exceed the therapeutic range
A nurse is teaching a client about interferon beta-1a. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to help the client avoid the adverse effects of the drugs? 1. premeditate with acetaminophen 2. take drug with food 3. increase your fluid intake 4. take the drug in the morning
premeditate with acetaminophen interferon beta drugs can cause fever, chills, headache, and muscle aches. Acetaminophen can help minimize these symptoms
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving methohexital. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? 1. cardiac excitability 2. respiratory depression 3. hyperthermia 4. hypertension
respiratory depression methohexital, a short acting barbiturate, causes respiratory depression. Mechanical ventilation and continuous monitoring are essential for clients receiving the drug.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for amphetamine sulfate. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following? 1. hypotension 2. tinnitus 3. tachycardia 4. nausea
tachycardia amphetamine sulfate is an amphetamine stimulant. It can cause tachycardia and dysthymias. Then client should notify the nurse if the develop palpitations.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for modafinil to treat narcolepsy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? 1. take the drug in the morning 2. take the drug 30 minutes before bed 3. anticipate daytime drowsiness 4. expect urinary frequency
take drug in the am mondafinil is a non amphetamine stimulant. taking it in the morning helps improve walkefulness for clients who have narcolepsy. Clients taking the drug for shift-work sleepiness should take it 1 hr before work.
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking amphetamine/dextroamphetamine sulfate for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for 2 weeks. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider? 1. weight loss of 2.3kg (5 lbs) 2. BP 100/70 mm Hg 3. apical pulse 80/min 4. respiratory rate 16/min
weight loss ampethamine/dextroamphetamine sulfate can cause a decreased appetite and weight loss. The nurse should instruct the client to weigh themselves twice weekly and report unintended weight loss
