NSCI Round 3
Which of the following structures is known as the 'true master gland of the endocrine system'? A. Hypothalamus B. Adrenal glands C. Anterior pituitary D. Thyroid glands
Hypothalamus
The adrenal cortex releases ___ which, when chronically elevated, ___. A. cortisol; suppresses the immune system B. cortisol; boosts the immune system C. ACTH; stimulates cortisol release D. CRH; suppresses the immune system
cortisol; suppresses the immune system
The posterior pituitary releases ___ and the anterior pituitary releases ___. A. hypophysiotropic hormones; hypophysiotropic hormones B. hypophysiotropic hormones; vasopressin, oxytocin C. vasopressin, oxytocin; hypophysiotropic hormones D. vasopressin; cortisol
vasopressin, oxytocin; hypophysiotropic hormones
Why is propranolol used to treat stage fright? A. Slows heart rate and reduces blood pressure B. Dilates the pupils C. Reduces the firing of raphe neurons D. Provides a sense of self-confidence
Slows heart rate and reduces blood pressure
Which of the following are the targets of the ANS? A. Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands B. Skeletal muscle fibers C. Periventricular zone of the hypothalamus D. The pituitary gland
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
Identify the postganglionic neurotransmitter present in the parasympathetic division of the ANS. A. Acetylcholine B. Serotonin C. Propranolol D. Norepinephrine
Acetylcholine
Where are the lower motor neurons of the autonomic nervous system located? A. Ventricular zone B. Brain stem C. Autonomic ganglia D. Ventral horn
Autonomic ganglia
By what means does the hypothalamus control the posterior pituitary gland? A. Hypo-thalamo-pituitary portal circulation B. Hypophysiotropic hormones C. Magnocellular neurosecretory cells D. Parvocellular neurosecretory cells
Magnocellular neurosecretory cells
Which of the following is a neurotransmitter used by postganglionic fibers of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system? A. Norepinephrine B. Acetylcholine C. Glycine D. GABA
Norepinephrine
Which two neurohormones are released into the bloodstream by the magnocellular neurosecretory cells? A. Cortisol and adrenalin B. Renin and ADH C. Angiotensin I and angiotensin II D. Oxytocin and vasopressin
Oxytocin and vasopressin
