Nur 152 exam 2
Rem sleep
90 min after sleep begins 20 min approx. dreams
Management of dyspnea
Morphine Bronchodilators Sedatives Diuretics Oxygen
Rhonchi
Mucous
Non opioid analgesic
NSAIDs Tylenol ibuprofen
Upper airway
Nasopharynx orpharynx
Psychogenic pain
No pathological condition can be found.
Chronic episodic pain
Sporadically over extended period of time Episodes last for hours days or weeks Ex: sickle cell crisis
Nrem sleep
Stage 1 light sleep Stage 2 10-20 min sound sleep Stage 3 15-30 min deep sleep vital sighs decrease Stage 4 deepest sleep 15-30 min
Cutaneous
Sunburn papercut
Cough suppressant
Suppresses cough
Perfusion
The circulation and delivery of oxygenated blood to the body
Right lung
Three lobes
Left lung
Two lobes
Stages of normal sleep
Two- nrem and rem
Narcolepsy
Uncontrollable urge to sleep
Situational loss
Unexpected car accidents not prepared loss of a job
Restless leg syndrome
Urge to move legs. Cause unknown.
Passive euthanasia
Withdrawing medical tx with intention of causing death
Ras
Reticular activating system
Senses
Sight Hearing Taste Touch Smell
Mottling
Skin color changes
Parasomnias
Sleep walking, sleep terrors Hallucinations, eating disorders, enuresis (bed wetting)
Phantom limb pain
A type of neuropathic pain. Itching or burning.
Visceral
Abdominal pain gi issues premenstrual pain
Types of pain
Acute Chronic Chronic episodic Cancer
Cancer pain
Acute or chronic May be at tumor site or referred
Inspiration
Air in
Pharmacological measures for relief of pain
Analgesics- non opioid, opioids or narcotics, adjuvant drugs
Cultures
Before antibiotics started
Tx for osteoporosis
Calcium and vitamin d
Necessary loss
Can be replaced new teachers etc
Orthopnea
Can't sleep laying flat
Mallows hierarchy and rest
Cannot t move up without sleep
Maturational loss
Children growing up
Expiration
Co 2 out
Atelectasis
Collapsed lung
Neuropathic pain
Complex and chronic Tingling Diabetics No warning signs to withdraw from pain
Carina
Cough reflex
Aphasia
Damage to speech center of the brain
Symptoms of apnea
Daytime drowsiness Hypertension Headaches Depression Angina
Delayed grief
Delayed or postponed
Kubler Ross theory of grief and dying
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
Active euthanasia
Direct action causing death. Assisted suicide.
Non pharmalogical relief measures
Distraction, humor, music, imagery, acupuncture, hypnosis etc
Complications of immobility
Dvts, respiratory issues, osteoporosis, atrophy, contractures, increase Utis, gi issues, skin breakdown, psychosocial
Normal grief
Emotions gradually diminish
Radiating pain
Extends to nearby tissues
Crackles
Fluid in alveoli
Pleural effusion
Fluid in between pleura lining
Somatic
Fractures plantar fasciitis
Respirations
Gas exchange
Opioids
Hydro codons, oxycodone, morphine
Pharmalogic therapy for sleep disorders
Hypnotics first class not physically addictive (ambien, lunesta) Benzos 2nd line addictive( zanex, Valium, Ativan)
Pharmacological tx for insomnia
Hypnotics- ambien, lunesta short term
Sensory overload
Icu patients
Palliative care
Improves quality not quantity not life
Insomnia
Inability to fall or stay asleep
Hypoxemia
Inadequate oxygen in blood
Adjuvant drugs
Increase the efficacy of other drugs Ex: anti depressants benzos muscle relaxants
Masked grief
Ineffective grief resolution
Nociceptive pain
Injured body tissue Trauma or surgery Aching throbbing
Xerostomia
Lack of taste
Anticipatory grief
Letting go of an object before loss
Chronic pain
Longer than 6 months No identifiable cause
Expectorant
Loosens secretions
Compliance
Loss of elasticity in lungs
Actual loss
Loss of limb person pet
Perceived loss
Loss of youth financial status
Disenfranchised grief
Loss that seems of lesser significance
Death
Lungs and heart cease to function
Hours before death
Mental clarity Cheyn stokes respirations Dehydration Gag reflex declines Death rattle
Pulmonary vein and artery
Opposite of other veins and arteries
Death and dying dignity act
Oregon Washington Vermont
Referred pain
Pain felt in part of the body considerably removed from origin. Example: mi pain in arm, gallbladder in shoulder, appendix in belly button
Cheyn stokes respirations
Periods of apnea
Sleep apnea
Periods of not breathing during sleep
Pulmonary edema
Pink and frothy sputum
complicated grief
Prolonged difficulty moving forward
Epiglottis
Protects against aspiration
Acute pain
Rapid onset, identifiable cause
Sensory perception
Requires in tact nervous system