NUR225: Chapter 24: Asepsis and infection control

A client is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which statement by the nurse explains how to reduce the risk of transmission to others?

"All visitors who enter the room must wear N95/surgical masks."

The nurse must assign a room for a client admitted with endocarditis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the blood. A client with which diagnosis can share a room with this client?

MRSA in the wound

The nurse is caring for a client who has been placed in strict isolation. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Remove fresh fruit from the room.

The nurse is preparing to apply a prescription ointment to the client's wound. After reviewing the image, what is the most important step for the nurse to take?

Use a sterile cotton-tipped applicator to apply the prescription to the site

A nurse is providing care to a client who has Salmonella food poisoning. The nurse understands that this pathogen was transmitted by which mechanism?

Vehicle

A nurse instructs a new mother on immunizations. An immunization produces:

active immunity

Which term describes foreign particles that enter a host and stimulate the body's immune response?

antigen

A nurse suspects that a client has a respiratory infection. Which symptom would the nurse be least likely to assess?

clear mucous

A nurse suspects that a client has a respiratory infection. Which symptom would the nurse be least likely to assess?

clear mucus

The client is an employee on the medical unit at the local children's hospital. The nurse is an occupational health nurse educating the client on various routes of exposure. The nurse knows that as a hospital employee, the client is most susceptible to infection by what mode of transmission?

contact

A physician performs lumbar puncture and advises the nurse to send the obtained cerebrospinal fluid for Gram stains. The nurse understands that this type of testing is beneficial for which reason?

helps to determine prescribed antibiotic therapy

A client comes to the emergency department reporting becoming very ill after consuming shrimp and lobster. How will the nurse document this condition?

noncommunicable disease

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse has another client that day who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection?

perform hand hygiene before and after entering the client's room

The nurse is recovering from a mild upper respiratory infection with no fever. The nurse is assigned to care for four clients. What is the appropriate nursing action to prevent clients from getting the infection?

perform meticulous hand hygiene and don a new mask with each client encounter

The most common infection in children is:

respirartory

Which mask should the nurse don when caring for a client with tuberculosis?

Filtered respirator

Which personal protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse don to enter the room of a client who is diagnosed with Clostridium difficile?

Gown and gloves

The nurse conducting a hand hygiene in-service determines that the participants need additional education when they state that the use of an alcohol-based hand rub is appropriate in which situation?

When hands are visibly soiled

An older adult client is admitted into the hospital due to tuberculosis. In addition to standard precautions, which transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?

airborne

After educating students about changes in the immune system and risk for infection as people age, the instructor determines that the education was successful when the students identify:

decreased cellular immunity.

The mother of a newborn asks the nurse about her newborn's risk for infection. Which statement by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Your baby's resistance comes from the antibodies you passed on to him before birth and now with breast feeding."

A nurse is preparing an operating room theatre for a surgical procedure. Which point regarding the principles of surgical asepsis should the nurse keep in mind when preparing sterilized surgical instruments?

A commercially packaged surgical item is not considered sterile if past expiration date.

Which client presents the most significant risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile infection?

An 81-year-old client who has been receiving multiple antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis

What is the primary purpose for the demonstrated glove application?

Cover exposed wrist skin

A school nurse is conducting a program for the parents about common childhood illness. Which information do parents need to know about preventing childhood illness?

Early infection treatment is needed to prevent the spread of infection.

The nurse is providing care for a client with varicella. What action should the nurse perform?

Ensure the client is housed in a negative pressure room.

An experienced nurse is teaching a student nurse about the proper use of hand hygiene. Which guideline should the nurse provide to the student?

Hand hygiene is needed after contact with objects near the client.

Following a demonstration to a family member on how to insert a straight catheter, the nurse instructs the family member to remove the gloves by inverting one glove into the other. Which step would the nurse instruct the family member to do next?

Perform hand hygiene

A nurse is providing care for a client who has had gall bladder surgery. It is the first postoperative day and the client is exhibiting a fever. The nurse suspects what as the most likely cause?

Physiologic stress

When is it necessary for the nurse to implement the observable personal protective equipment (PPE) intervention?

Suctioning a tracheostomy

The nurse planning to insert an indwelling urinary catheter into a client should utilize which technique?

Surgical asepsis

The nurse is caring for a client with a draining abscess. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

contact

A client is discharged from the hospital and will need to change his left leg dressing using sterile technique twice per day. To prevent the development of further infection, the client will need to:

wash hands for 1 minute, apply nonsterile gloves, remove the dressing, apply antibacterial waterless soap, and sterile gloves.

A nurse has sustained a puncture wound on the hand from a scalpel blade that was left on a used procedure tray. What is the first action by the nurse?

wash the area with soap and water

The patient has asked the nurse to explain her WBC level of 8,000 cells/mm3. The nurse would identify the level of WBCs as:

within normal limits