NUR313 Evolve: AQ 17 - Drugs for Diabetes
Which instruction should the nurse give when a patient receiving metformin therapy will undergo angiography?
"Do not take your metformin on the day of the test."
Which instruction should the nurse provide when teaching a patient to mix regular insulin and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in the same syringe?
"Draw up the clear regular insulin first, followed by the cloudy NPH insulin."
A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus asks, "Why can't I take a sulfonylurea like my friend who has diabetes?" What is the nurse's best response?
"Sulfonylurea increases beta-cell stimulation to secrete insulin, and your beta cells do not contain insulin."
A patient receives isophane suspension, also known as neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin at 8:00 AM. The patient eats breakfast at 8:30 AM, lunch at noon, and dinner at 6:00 PM. At what time is this patient at the highest risk for hypoglycemia?
5:00 PM.
A patient is scheduled to start taking insulin glargine. Which information should the nurse give the patient regarding this medication?
This medication provides blood glucose control for 24 hours.
A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been ordered insulin glargine. Which information is essential for the nurse to teach this patient?
"This medication has a duration of action of 24 hours."
Which information should the nurse teach a patient who has been prescribed an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor?
"This medication will delay the absorption of carbohydrates from the intestines."
The nurse should include which statement when teaching a patient about insulin glargine?
"You cannot mix this insulin with any other insulin in the same syringe."
What should the nurse instruct a patient who is prescribed repaglinide for type 2 diabetes?
"You need to eat a meal after each dose."
Which site should be used for injecting insulin for the most consistent absorption?
Abdomen.
Which drug interacts with insulin and increases the risk for unrecognized hypoglycemia in a patient?
Beta-adrenergic blockers.
A patient who took neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin at 8:00 AM reports feeling weak and tremulous at 5:00 PM. Which action should the nurse take first?
Check the patient's capillary blood sugar.
A patient with a history of inflammatory bowel disease is prescribed insulin therapy and acarbose for the treatment of high postprandial glucose levels. Which nursing action is a priority in this case?
Consult the primary healthcare provider before administering acarbose.
Which technique is most appropriate regarding mixing insulin when a patient must administer 30 units regular insulin and 70 units neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in the morning?
Draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first, followed by the cloudy NPH insulin.
Which is the most appropriate action for the nurse who is told that a patient typically takes his glipizide with breakfast?
Inform the patient that this is an acceptable practice.
Which long-acting insulin mimics natural, basal insulin with its duration of 24 hours?
Insulin glargine (LANTUS).
A patient who is obese is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and is instructed to make dietary changes and perform aerobic exercises daily. The patient insists on insulin therapy for prompt management of diabetes. However, the patient is prescribed oral medications for lowering glucose levels. Which is the most likely reason for delaying insulin therapy?
Insulin therapy is initiated when other methods have failed.
Which is a rare but potentially fatal complication of metformin use in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Lactic acidosis.
A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been ordered insulin aspart 10 units at 7:00 AM. Which nursing intervention should the nurse perform after administering this medication?
Make sure the patient eats breakfast immediately.
The laboratory results for a patient with diabetes indicate markedly elevated blood glucose levels. After assessing the patient, the nurse obtains a prescription for intravenous insulin therapy from the primary healthcare provider. Which other assessment finding is likely present in the patient's reports?
Presence of ketones in the serum.
The nurse administers insulin to a patient at 8:30 AM and knows it will peak about 2.5 hours after administration. Which insulin did the nurse administer?
Regular insulin.
What should the nurse assess in a patient who is prescribed metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes?
Renal function.
The nurse observes that A 1C levels are elevated in a patient who is taking metformin for type 2 diabetes. Which class of drugs is likely to be prescribed to this patient?
Sulfonylureas.
A patient is taking glipizide and a propranolol. A nurse is teaching hypoglycemia awareness and should warn the patient about the absence of which symptom caused by the propranolol?
Tachycardia.
