NUR314 FINAL PRACTICE QUESTIONS

Atenolol 150 mg by mouth is prescribed for a client with hypertension. Each tablet contains 50 mg. How many tablets should the nurse administer? A. 2 ½ tablets B. 3 tablets C. ½ tablet D. 1 ½ tablet

B. 3 tablets

A client tells the nurse during the admission history that an oral hypoglycemic agent is taken daily. For which condition does the nurse conclude that an oral hypoglycemic agent may be prescribed by the health care provider? 1. Ketosis 2. Obesity 3. Type 1 diabetes 4. Reduced insulin production

4. Reduced insulin production

Which instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client with hyperlipidemia who is being discharged with a prescription for cholestyramine? 1. "Increase your intake of fiber and fluid." 2. "Take the medication before you go to bed." 3. "Check your pulse before taking the medication." 4. "Contact your health care provider if your skin or sclera turn yellow."

1. "Increase your intake of fiber and fluid."

A client being treated for hypertension reports having a persistent hacking cough. What class of antihypertensive should the nurse identify as a possible cause of this response when reviewing a list of this client's medications? 1. ACE inhibitors 2. Thiazide diuretics 3. Calcium channel blockers 4. Angiotensin receptor blockers

1. ACE inhibitors

For which client should the nurse conclude that a prescription for digoxin is appropriate? 1. Client A 2. Client B 3. Client C 4. Client D

1. Client A

A client with left ventricular heart failure is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg daily. What changes does the nurse expect to find if this medication is therapeutically effective? 1. Decreased pulse rate and diuresis 2. Tachycardia and increased sodium 3. Reduced heart murmur and S3 4. Jugular vein distention and yellow vision

1. Decreased pulse rate and diuresis

A nurse identifies signs of electrolyte depletion in a client with heart failure who is receiving bumetanide and digoxin. What does the nurse determine is the cause of the depletion? 1. Diuretic therapy 2. Sodium restriction 3. Continuous dyspnea 4. Inadequate oral intake

1. Diuretic therapy

A client who is taking rifampin tells the nurse, "My urine looks orange." What action should the nurse take? 1. Explain this is expected. 2. Check the liver enzymes. 3. Strain the urine for stones. 4. Ask what foods were eaten.

1. Explain this is expected.

A client is receiving warfarin. Which test result should the nurse use to determine if the daily dose of this anticoagulant is therapeutic? 1. INR 2. APTT 3. Bleeding time 4. Sedimentation rate

1. INR

A nurse is caring for a client who is HIV positive. For which complication associated with this diagnosis is it most important for the nurse to teach prevention strategies? 1. Infection 2. Depression 3. Social isolation 4. Kaposi sarcoma

1. Infection

Thiamine (vitamin B1) and niacin (vitamin B3) are prescribed for a client with alcoholism. Which body function maintained by these vitamins should the nurse include in a teaching plan? 1. Neuronal activity 2. Bowel elimination 3. Efficient circulation 4. Prothrombin development

1. Neuronal activity

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who experienced an anterior septal myocardial infarction. What statement by the client indicates to the nurse that there is a need for further teaching? 1. "I want to stay as pain-free as possible." 2. "I am not good at remembering to take medications." 3. "I should not have any problems in reducing my salt intake." 4. "I wrote down my medication information for future reference."

2. "I am not good at remembering to take medications."

A client has a mitral valve replacement, and the nurse provides health teaching to promote optimum health. Which activity identified by the client supports the nurse's conclusion that the client needs further teaching? 1. "I should wear a Medic Alert bracelet." 2. "I will start a vigorous aerobic exercise program." 3. "I will take antibiotics when I have my teeth repaired." 4. "I should go to the doctor when I get a respiratory infection."

2. "I will start a vigorous aerobic exercise program."

An older adult with cerebral arteriosclerosis is admitted with atrial fibrillation and is started on a continuous heparin infusion. What clinical finding enables the nurse to conclude that the anticoagulant therapy is effective? 1. A reduction of confusion 2. An APPT twice the usual value 3. An absence of ecchymotic areas 4. A decreased viscosity of the blood

2. An APPT twice the usual value

A nurse observes the cardiac monitor of a client who has had a pacemaker inserted. Select the location on the rhythm strip where there is evidence of pacemaker function. 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D

2. B

What dietary choice should the nurse instruct the client taking spironolactone to avoid? 1. Red meat 2. Bananas 3. Wheat bread 4. Flavored yogurt

2. Bananas

A nurse is teaching a group of clients with peripheral vascular disease about a smoking cessation program. Which physiologic effect of nicotine should the nurse explain to the group? 1. Constriction of the superficial vessels dilates the deep vessels. 2. Constriction of the peripheral vessels increases the force of flow. 3. Dilation of the superficial vessels causes constriction of collateral circulation. 4. Dilation of the peripheral vessels causes reflex constriction of visceral vessels.

2. Constriction of the peripheral vessels increases the force of flow.

A nurse is leading a discussion in a senior citizen center about the risk factors for developing coronary heart disease (CHD) for women versus men. What should the nurse respond when asked to identify the most significant risk factor? 1. Obesity 2. Diabetes 3. Elevated CRP levels 4. High levels of HDL-C

2. Diabetes

What specifically should the nurse monitor when a client is receiving a platelet aggregation inhibitor such as clopidogrel? 1. Nausea 2. Epistaxis 3. Chest pain 4.Elevated temperature

2. Epistaxis

A nurse is planning a community health program about screening for cancer. Which information recommended by the American Cancer Society (ACS) should the nurse include? 1. Mammography should be performed annually after age 35 years for women. 2. Fecal occult blood testing should be performed yearly beginning at age 50 years. 3. Breast self-examination should be performed monthly beginning at age 30 years. 4. Digital rectal exams and PSA testing should be done yearly after age 40 for men.

2. Fecal occult blood testing should be performed yearly beginning at age 50 years.

How should a nurse assess a client's trigeminal nerve function? 1. Observing facial movements 2. Identifying corneal sensation 3. Watching ocular muscle movement 4. Determining the ability to shrug the shoulders

2. Identifying corneal sensation

What instructions about the use of nitroglycerin should the nurse provide to a client with angina? 1. "Identify when pain occurs, and place 2 tablets under the tongue." 2. "Place 1 tablet under the tongue, and swallow another when pain is intense." 3. "Before physical activity place 1 tablet under the tongue, and repeat the dose in 5 minutes if pain occurs." 4. "Place 1 tablet under the tongue when pain occurs, and use an additional tablet after the attack to prevent recurrence."

3. "Before physical activity place 1 tablet under the tongue, and repeat the dose in 5 minutes if pain occurs."

A 40-year-old client states, "I feel like my heart is jumping out of my chest, and it is skipping beats." The client passes a thallium stress test; however, the health care provider identifies one premature ventricular complex (PVC) and several premature atrial complexes (PACs) on the 24-hour follow-up Holter monitor. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client? 1. "Do you have small children at home?" 2. "Are you eating foods high in vitamins?" 3. "How much caffeine do you consume each day?" 4. "How many glasses of water do you drink per day?"

3. "How much caffeine do you consume each day?"

A client with a thromboembolic disorder is receiving a continuous intravenous infusion of heparin 1000 units per hour. There are 25,000 units of heparin in 500 mL of 5% dextrose solution. At how many milliliters per hour should the nurse set the rate on the electronic infusion control device? 1. 24 mL / hr 2. 10 mL / hr 3. 20 mL / hr 4. 50 mL / hr

3. 20 mL / hr

A 93-year-old client in a nursing home has been eating less food during mealtimes. What is the priority nursing intervention? 1. Substitute a supplemental drink for the meal. 2. Spoon-feed the client until the food is completely eaten. 3. Allow the client a longer period of time to complete the meal. 4. Arrange a consultation for the placement of a gastrostomy tube.

3. Allow the client a longer period of time to complete the meal.

What principle of teaching specific to an older adult should the nurse consider when providing instruction to such a client recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus? 1. Knowledge reduces general anxiety. 2. Capacity to learn decreases with age. 3. Continued reinforcement is advantageous. 4. Readiness of the learner precedes instruction.

3. Continued reinforcement is advantageous.

An older adult client states, "I walk 2 miles a day for exercise, but now that the weather is hot, I am worried about becoming dehydrated." What should the nurse teach the client? 1. Drink fruit juices if you start to feel dehydrated. 2. Thirst is a good guide to use to determine fluid intake. 3. Fluids should be increased if the urine is getting darker. 4. Water should be consumed when the skin becomes dry.

3. Fluids should be increased if the urine is getting darker.

What response provides evidence that a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) understands the nurse's instructions about an appropriate breathing technique? 1. Inhales through the mouth 2. Increases the respiratory rate 3. Holds each breath for a second at the end of inspiration 4. Progressively increases the length of the inspiratory phase

3. Holds each breath for a second at the end of inspiration

A nurse is teaching a community health class about the risk factors for cancer. Which factor has the least influence in predisposing an individual to cancer of the larynx? 1. Air pollution 2. Heavy alcohol ingestion 3. Inadequate dental hygiene 4. Chronic respiratory infection

3. Inadequate dental hygiene

Which relationship does the nurse consider reflective of the relationship of naloxone to morphine sulfate? 1. Aspirin to warfarin 2. Amoxicillin to systemic infection 3. Protamine sulfate to parenteral heparin 4. Enoxaparin to dalteparin

3. Protamine sulfate to parenteral heparin

The nurse suggests to an older adult with heart disease to use air conditioning in the summer. What is the rationale for this recommendation? 1. Increases the heart rate. 2. Promotes circulation to the skin. 3. Reduces the workload on the heart. 4. Maintains a consistent internal body temperature.

3. Reduces the workload on the heart.

A nurse observes the following dysrhythmia on a client's cardiac monitor. What rhythm does the nurse identify? 1. Atrial flutter 2. Atrial fibrillation 3. Ventricular fibrillation 4. Ventricular tachycardia

3. Ventricular fibrillation

A client who had a coronary artery bypass graft 6 months ago is being discharged after a recent hospitalization for an exacerbation of emphysema. What should the nurse teach the client? 1. Take one aspirin every other day. 2. Drink a cup of warm tea before going to bed at night. 3. Wear a scarf or mask over the mouth in cold weather. 4. Take the prescribed bronchodilators on an empty stomach.

3. Wear a scarf or mask over the mouth in cold weather.

Which prescribed medication should the nurse expect to administer to a female client who exhibits the genital lesions presented in the illustration? 1. Zidovudine 2. Metronidazole 3. Ceftriaxone 4. Acyclovir sodium

4. Acyclovir sodium

While a pacemaker catheter is being inserted, the client's heart rate drops to 38 beats/min. What medication should the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe? 1. Digoxin 2. Lidocaine 3. Amiodarone 4. Atropine sulfate

4. Atropine sulfate

What should the nurse assess to determine if a client is experiencing the therapeutic effect of valsartan? 1. Lipid profile 2. Apical pulse 3. Urinary output 4. Blood pressure

4. Blood pressure

A 78-year-old client who has hypertension is beginning treatment with furosemide. Considering the client's age, what should the nurse teach the client to do? 1. Take the medication between meals. 2. Limit fluids at bedtime. 3. Assess the skin for breakdown daily. 4. Change positions slowly.

4. Change positions slowly.

A nurse is assessing arterial perfusion in a client who had surgery with placement of a graft for an aneurysm in the left femoral artery. Select the site of the pulse that should be assessed to determine maximum arterial perfusion distal to the operative site. 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D

4. D

What information should the nurse include when teaching a client with heart disease about cholesterol? 1. Causes an increase in serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) 2. Can be found in both plant and animal sources 3. Should be eliminated because it causes the disease process 4. Decreases when unsaturated fats are substituted for saturated fats

4. Decreases when unsaturated fats are substituted for saturated fats

What breathing exercises should the nurse teach a client with the diagnosis of emphysema? 1. An inhalation that is prolonged to promote gas exchange 2. Abdominal exercises to limit the use of accessory muscles 3. Sit-ups to help strengthen the accessory muscles of respiration 4. Diaphragmatic exercises to improve contraction of the diaphragm

4. Diaphragmatic exercises to improve contraction of the diaphragm

Amlodipine is prescribed for a client with hypertension. Which response to the medication should the nurse instruct the client to report to the health care provider immediately? 1. Blurred vision 2. Dizziness on rising 3. Excessive urination 4. Difficulty breathing

4. Difficulty breathing

While receiving an adrenergic beta2 agonist drug for asthma, the client complains of palpitations, chest pain, and a throbbing headache. What is the most appropriate nursing action? 1. Explain that the effects are temporary and will subside as the body becomes accustomed to the drug. 2. Tell the client not to worry; these are expected side effects from the medicine. 3. Ask the client to relax; then give instructions to breathe slowly and deeply for several minutes. 4. Notify the physician and withhold the drug until additional orders are obtained.

4. Notify the physician and withhold the drug until additional orders are obtained.