Nursing chapter 3

The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a procedure. While the nurse is opening an instrument, the outer wrapper of the sterilized instrument touches the extreme edge of the field. What should the nurse do next?

Discard the sterile field and prepare a new one

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

Which definition of health is the best?

Health is a state of complete well-being.

A client comes to the health center for a routine visit. During the visit, the client tells the nurse, "I'm motivated to do things now to make sure I'm the healthiest I can be." When planning this client's care, the nurse should focus on which area?

Health promotion

A community health nurse arranges for a dental checkup camp for the local children in the school district. Which of the following would most likely be the nurse's goal for this health camp?

Health promotion

The nurse is working in an acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

Instructing a client on how to use crutches

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

Which nursing activity reflects secondary prevention?

Making a referral for a mammogram

Which is the goal of tertiary prevention of illness?

Minimizing complications

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Primary

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

A nurse is planning a seminar for the local community. Which topics are examples of health promotion discussions? (Select all that apply.)

Examples of heart-healthy diet Information on increasing activity and exercise

A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage liver failure. Which healthcare agency should the nurse recommend for continuity of care?

Extended care

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

Family Culture Community Society

When caring for a client who has just been diagnosed with a chronic illness, the nurse understands the importance of promoting health by highlighting which concept?

Focus on what is possible.

Which is an example of tertiary health promotion?

Rehabilitation

A client is admitted to the mental health center with attempted suicide. Which of the client's problems is the priority for the nurse to manage?

Risk of self-harm

The client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed. The physician ordered a colonoscopy. Which level of care encompasses this procedure?

Secondary

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

What are some examples of healthy self-care behaviors everyone should adopt? Select all that apply.

Sleeping 7 to 8 hours each night Eating regular healthy meals Maintaining an ideal body weight

Which lifestyle factor is associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases?

Smoking

A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer. The client tells the nurse: "I don't know why this happened to me, but I'm ready to move on and do whatever I need to do to get healthy again." This client is in which stage of acute illness?

Stage 3

The nurse recognizes that the client who makes the decision to accept a new diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan is in which stage of an illness?

Stage 3-Assuming a dependent role

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced.

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

The nurse is addressing primary prevention with a group of college students. Which promotional statement by the nurse would be the best example of a developmentally appropriate discussion?

Use of condoms can help prevent sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy.

To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must:

consume a diet low in fat.

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help them maintain independence.

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

high-level wellness.

The body's attempt to restore balance through self-regulatory mechanisms is termed:

homeostasis.

A client enjoys eating high-calorie carbohydrate meals, but understands her blood sugar can increase sharply, ultimately causing the feeling of butterflies in her stomach as her blood sugar decreases. This is considered:

self-concept.

A client with Alzheimer disease in a nursing home is more compliant in following directions for dressing and feeding with one nurse than with other staff members. This phenomenon is best explained by

the Therapeutic Model of Interaction.

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.

An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?

Chronic illness

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

What are common sources of stress in family members due to a hospitalization of a family member? Select all that apply.

Decrease in social interactions Alterations in lifestyle Alterations in roles Economic problems

A teenaged client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health?

Emotional dimension

A mammogram represents which level of prevention?

Secondary prevention

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

A client has a Staphylococcus infection in a decubitus ulcer. In this case, Staphylococcus is the:

agent

The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with pneumonia and associated pleuritic chest pain. Which would be a priority when creating the nursing care plan?

Monitoring airway clearance.

A client has been admitted to the hospital for treatment of pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism. The client states that it is nearly impossible to quit drinking because of the deep entrenchment of alcohol use in the client's circle of friends and line of work. As well, the client claims to have thought that drinking only beer and foregoing hard alcohol would prevent health problems. This client is exhibiting health consequences rooted in which human dimensions?

Sociocultural and intellectual

Which needs are being met when a nurse recommends a senior citizen community center for an older client who is living alone?

Sociocultural needs

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?

Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet

What is the definition of wellness?

an active state of being healthy

An older adult patient has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

A nurse provides interventions for clients in a long-term care facility to help them meet their intellectual needs. Which nursing actions promote these needs? Select all that apply.

A nurse provides education about foot care to a client with diabetes. A nurse explains to an obese client the benefits of following a healthy diet. A nurse shows residents a video discussing modified activities for older adults.

A nurse is implementing secondary-level interventions for a group of hospitalized clients. With which activity(ies) would the nurse be involved? Select all that apply.

Administering medications Providing wound care

A nurse who is working in a long-term care facility is talking with a group of health care workers. One of the health care workers asks about current trends in health care. Which trend should the nurse mention?

An increase in the incidence of chronic illnesses

Which are characteristics of chronic conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Are rarely curable Require lifelong management Have a prolonged course

How can the nurse best demonstrate being a role model for health promotion?

Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol

Risk factors for illness are divided into six categories. Working with carcinogenic chemicals is an example of which type of risk factor?

Environmental risk factor

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?

Exacerbation

A nurse is caring for a 17-year-old client whose left leg was amputated after being crushed in a motor vehicle accident. Which intervention might the nurse perform to address the client's intellectual dimension?

Teaching her how to care for the stump and explaining the rehabilitation program

A nurse refers an HIV-positive client to a local support group. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Tertiary

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?

Tertiary prevention

An older adult client who has been hospitalized due to a stroke is about to be discharged from a rehabilitation center where the client had to relearn how to perform activities of daily living, including feeding and dressing. The client has often voiced a desire to be as active as possible. The client now expresses a strong desire to go home. The nurse recognizes that these statements made by the client indicate that the client is:

giving up the dependent role.

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

A nurse has chosen to characterize a new initiative as "wellness promotion" rather than "health promotion". Which statement best describes the difference between the concept of wellness and the concept of health?

Wellness is an active state, whereas health is a more passive state dependent on the absence of disease.

A client comes to the emergency room complaining of abdominal pain, fever, chills, and nausea. Upon further examination the client is diagnosed with appendicitis. What type of illness does the nurse identify this client to have?

Acute