Nursing Health Alterations Exam 3

Which statement indicates the patient understands the origin of hepatitis C?

"You can catch it while you're getting a tattoo."

What is osteoarthritis?

-Non-inflammatory -Cartilage destruction -Progressive Not systemic Unilateral

When does a fat embolism occur?

12-48 hours after injury of bones

When should tPA be initiation?

3 hours

When should bisphosphonates be taken?

30 min before breakfast, with full glass of water and remain sitting upright

What is asterixis?

A coarse tremor characterized by rapid, non rhythmic extension and flexion in the wrists and fingers is seen with chronic liver disease

What is osteoporosis?

A metabolic bone disease resulting in a reduction in density or mass of bone

What is arthroscopy?

A scope is used to visualize the joints. Used to explore the joint in order to determine disease process, to drain fluid and to remove damaged tissue or foreign bodies. Most commonly done in the knee joint, but can be also done in the hip and shoulder.

What is acute pancreatitis?

A serous and at times life threatening inflammation of the pancreas

What are signs of hepatitis?

Abdominal, muscle and joint pain Can be caused by oral-fecal, or blood transmission Can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer Vaccine

What should you use after hip fracture fixing?

Abductor pillow

What is the most common type of seizes in children?

Absence seizure

Primary drug of choice for pain because osteoarthritis is not a primary inflammatory disorder.

Acetaminophen

What is used to treat myasthenia gravis?

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

When ammonia is excreted by healthy kidneys, which mechanism usually is maintained?

Acid-base balance of the body

A patient admitted with acute pancreatitis is complaining of severe abdominal pain not relieved by vomiting. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Activate NPO

4 to 6 weeks of antimicrobial therapy (sometimes more than one antimicrobial agent may be needed to combat multiple types of organisms.

Acute osteomyelitis

What does myasthenia gravis affect?

Affects the acetylcholine resceptors

What substance would a client taking acetaminophen routinely be advised to avoid?

Alcohol because both are hepatotoxic

The healthcare provider instructs a client with chronic alcohol induced pancreatitis, to stop drinking alcohol. What is the expected outcome of this instruction?

Alleviate future acute pancreatitis attacks

What causes hepatic encephalopathy?

Ammonia crossing the blood brain barrier

What enzyme level will increase within 12 to 24 hours and remain elevated for 2 to 3 days with acute pancreatitis?

Amylase

What are the diagnostic test for pancreatitis?

Amylase and lipase

The nurse reviews the laboratory results of a client with acute pancreatitis. Which test is significant in determine the clients response to treatment?

Amylase level

What is traction?

Application of a pulling force to a part of the bod to provide reduction, alignment, and rest or to decrease muscle spasm

Which nursing intervention would be contraindicated for a client who has a fracture and has compartment syndrome?

Applying cold compress and elevating the extremity above the heart

What is the collection of free fluid writhing the peritoneal cavity caused by increased hydrostatic pressure from portal hypertension?

Ascites

The nurse is caring for a client with advanced stages of cirrhosis of the liver. Which assessment is appropriate?

Ascites Jaundice

A client arrives in the emergency department with an ischemic stroke. Because the healthcare team is considering administering t-PA, the nurse should perform which action first?

Ask what time the stroke began

When planning care for a client with myasthenia gravis, the nurse understands that the client is at highest risk for?

Aspiration

What is a main priority for cast care?

Assess extremity for infection and blood circulation

A client with cirrhosis is receiving lactulose for hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse notes the client is more confused and has asterixis. Which action should the nurse perform?

Assess loose stools for effectiveness

Which nursing action would the nurse take when a child with a seizures disorder has a generalized seizure?

Assessing the seizure Turning child on side Pulling padded side rails up

A home care nurse is visiting a client who had a below the knee amputation. Which client statement indicates to the nurse a need for further teaching?

At night, I sleep with a pillow under my knee Can causes flexion contracture

Which diagnosis increases the risk for developing pulmonary embolism?

Atrial fibrillation

What should you know before taking Dilantin?

Avoid alcohol Don't take St. John's wart No pregnancy Can cause teeth,gum and mouth issues

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a clien diagnosed with cirrhosis and varices. Which information would the nurse include in the teaching?

Avoid aspirin, avoid acetaminophen and avoid coughing,sneezing and straining to have a bowel movement

A client with a hip fracture has undergone surgery for insertion of a femoral head prosthesis. Which activity should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?

Avoid crossing legs

Which instruction would the nurse provide when assisting a client with Parkinson's disease to ambulate?

Avoid leaning forward

What medication should you give when a patient is having seizures?

Benzodiazepines

Which intervention would the nurse include when developing a plan of care for a client with compartment syndrome?

Bivalve the cast Loosen the bandage Evaluate the clients pain

What is a person at risk for with hip fractures?

Bleeding into the sockets and fat embolism

How is hepatitis B and C transmitted?

Blood

Which findings would the nurse expect when assessing the nasal passages of a client with thrombocytopenia?

Blood clots

How can hepatitis C be transmitted?

Blood to blood, drug needle sharing, multiple sex partners or unprotected sex

Why does jaundice occur?

Body can't excrete bilirubin

Which is not a typical clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Bursts of energy

The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus. Which clinical findings to this disease would the nurse expect to see?

Butterfly facial rash Inflammation of joints

Two things that patients wo have osteoporosis should avoid due to bone deterioration?

Caffeine consumption and excessive alcohol

Which component is important in a nuero vascular assessment performed by the nurse?

Capillary refill Pulse and skin temp Movement and sensation

What causes pruritus?

Causes for a buildup of bile salts and ammonia under the skin

What cause pancreatitis?

Causes pancreatic enzymes to release early and begin digesting the pancreas

What is the most common disease of the biliary system?

Chlelothiasis

What is inflammation of gallbladder that may be acute or chronic?

Cholecystitis

What are treatment for myasthenia gravis?

Cholinergic and encourage rest periods

What is cirrhosis?

Chronic progressive disease characterized by extensive degeneration and destruction of the liver cells

This disease is characterized by widespread fibrotic (scarred) bands of connective tissue that change the livers anatomy and physiology?

Cirrhosis

What are signs of Cholecystitis?

Clay covered stools Low fat diet Dark urine Episodic pain

What is common a cause of pancreatic attacks?

Consuming alcohol

What is a sign of pancreatitis?

Crackles in the lungs du to pleural effusion

What is compartment syndrome?

Damage to nerves and vasculature of an extremity due to compression

Whart are manifestations of cholyectiits?

Dark amber urine Clay colored stools RUQ pain

The nurse is assessing a client with increasing intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should notify the healthcare provider about which early change in the client's condition?

Decrease LOC

Which laboratory test change leads the nurse to determine that the Lactulose administered to a client with cirrhosis of the liver is effective?

Decreased ammonia

What are changes with aging with musculoskeletal?

Decreased bone density and decreased energy, change in balance

Which nursing intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for an older adult clients with decrease bone density?

Demonstrating weight bearing excercises to the client

Which effect of lorazepam is the reason it is given to a client with status epilepticus>

Depresses the CNS

What are clinical manifestations of chronic pancreatitis?

Diabetes mellitus, steatorrhea, sark urine, jaundice and weight loss

Which complication would the nurse assess in both clients who have Parkinson's and clients who have myasthenia gravis?

Difficulty swallowing

What should you give after?

Dilantin

A client with a right knee injury is scheduled for an MRI. The nurse is preparing the client for the imaging test. Which question would be a priority to ask the client?

Do you have any metal in or on your body

What is a priority when a patient needs an mri?

Do you have any metal in your body

What teaching does the home health nurse give the family of a client with hepatitis C to prevent the spread of the infection?

Don't share toothbrush or razors

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect when a client experiences fat embolism syndrome?

Dyspnea

A patient is being admitted to the medical floor with complications associated with end-stage cirrhosis. The patient presents with ascites, and states, "It's hard for me to breathe right now". Which action by the nurse will best relieve symptoms associated with ascites?

Elevate head of bed

Which nursing intervention would the nurse implement when providing post operative care for a client with a below the knee amputation?

Elevate residual leg slightly while keeping the knee joint straight for the first 24 hours

What is cirrhosis?

End stage liver disease

What should you teach arthritic patients?

Energy conservation

What action would the nurse classify as a priority when caring for a client with tonic-clinic seizures?

Ensuring patent airway

Which sign of compartment syndrome would the nurse assess for in a client who has sustained blunt trauma to the forearm?

Escalating pain in the fingers

What are fragile, thin walled esophageal veins become distended and tortuous from increased pressure (portal hypertension). It can be a medical emergency if they start bleeding.

Esophageal varices

What are signs of cirrhosis?

Esophageal varicose Ammonia Paracentesis Lactulose

Which nursing intervention is a priority when caring for. Client with status epilepticus?

Establish an airway

What do you have to monitor in stroke patients?

Excessive bleeding

How is pancreatitis caused?

Excessive enzymes that destroy tissue and cells resulting in auto digestion can cause pleural effusion due to the location of the pancreas to the lung

What are symptoms of an ischemic stroke?

FAST Diagnosed with CT tPA One sided symptoms

What does fast stand for?

Face, Arm, Speech, Time

What are complications of strokes?

Fall risk, skin breakdown, choking, increased ICP

Adipose from the yellow bone marrow within the bone breaks off from inside the bone during a fracture and can lodge into blood vessels in the body. Some signs/symptoms that may be seen are hypoxia, anxiety, restlessness, feeling of doom, petechiae rash.

Fat embolism

What are early in the disease process, diagnosing can be challenging. Symptoms may be gradual and vague for years. People typically report which easy manifestations of multiple sclerosis?

Fatigue and muscle spasms

What causes an attack of Cholecystitis?

Fatty foods

What type of wrap do we do for amputation?

Figure eight

What are signs of myasthenia Travis?

First sign is eyelid droop Morning appointment Tesilon test Cholinergic medication

When are patients at the highest risk for ICP?

For 72 hours after a stroke

When assessing a client with hepatitis B, the nurse anticipates which assessment findings? (Select all that apply.)

Frothy. tera colored pee Pruritis RUQ tenderness

What is cholelithiasis?

Gallstones that can cause acute cholecystitis. Pain in the right upper abdomen and bloating can be symptoms

What do you teach patients about meningitis?

Get vaccinated

If a patient with cirrhosis comes in short of breath what should you do?

Have the patient sit in Fowler position to ease the breathing

From which clinical indicator associated with a complication of portal hypertension would the nurse assess for?

Hemorrhage from esophageal varices

What is a complex syndrome that results from liver failure and cirrhosis. Patients may start becoming irritable and lethargic?

Hepatic encephalopathy

What causes asterixis?

Hepatic encephalopathy tested by asking your patient to stretch out their hands

What is widespread of inflammation and infection of liver cells?

Hepatitis

What is inflammation/ infection of the liver is a hardy virus and survives on human hands. It's resistant to detergents but destroyed by bleach. It is spread by fecal oral route by fecal contamination from person to person or consuming contaminated food such as shellfish caught in contaminated water?

Hepatitis A

Which types of hepatitis spread through food?

Hepatitis A and E

Which types of hepatitis develop into a chronic form of disease?

Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D

What are the most common causes of cirrhosis?

Hepatitis C and alcohol

What is the treatment for hepatic encephalopathy?

Hepatol or Lactulose

What is liver enlargement that commonly occurs in patients with early cirrhosis?

Hepatomegaly

What is damage to the liver that is caused by medication, chemicals, herbal , or supplemental?

Hepatotoxicity

What is the diet for patients with cirrhosis?

High calorie and high carbohydrate

What is the yellowing of the eye sclera?

Icterus

The nurse is caring for an adult with a grade III compound fracture of the right femur; the client has been placed in skeletal traction. What is the intended outcome of the traction?

Improved circulation, reduce and immobilize fractures

What is hepatitis C?

Inflammation and infection of the liver cells that leads to end stage liver disease

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Inflammatory systemic disease

A patient is admitted to the medical/surgical unit with esophageal varices associated with end-stage cirrhosis. As the nurse caring for this patient, which problem is priority for this client?

Injury due to hemorrhage

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and alcoholism. This client asks "How does my drinking relate to my diagnosis?" Which effect of alcohol would the nurse include when responding?

It increases enzyme secretion and pancreatic duct pressures that cause backflow of enzymes into the pancreas

What is yellowing of the skin?

Jaundice

A client is admitted with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Which clinical manifestations would he nurse assess in the client?

Jaundice Acute pain Increased amylase

What does lupus target?

Joints

What is a medication administered when ammonia level is increased?

Lactulose

The nurse is teaching a client with gallbladder disease about diet modification. Which meal does the nurse suggest to the client?

Lean turkey sandwich on wheat bread

What do you test to see for cirrhosis?

Liver enzyme tests

What does alcohol have a direct effect of?

Liver inflammation

Which condition should the nurse assess when completing the history and physical examination of a client diagnosed with osteoarthritis?

Local joint pain

How do you know when Lactulose is effective?

Loose stools

Which assessment findings indicates that a client has had a stroke?

Lopsided smile Unilateral vision Incoherent speech Unable to raise right arm Symptoms started two hours ago

What diet should people with Cholecystitis?

Low fat

What should you educate your patient on if they have ascites?

Low salt diet

The nurse is caring for a client with hepatic encephalopathy and ascites. Which elements are important to include in the clients diet?

Low sodium High vitamins and moderate proteins

The nurse is providing care to a client with ascites secondary to liver failure. Which intervention is appropriate to include in the clients care?

Low sodium diet Daily abdominal girth measurements Daily weights

Which clinical finding is consistent with an increased ICP?

Lowered level of consciousness

What does Swan neck deformity point towards?

Lupus

What does a butterfly rash mean?

Lupus

What does an ANA point towards?

Lupus

What is the priority nursing intervention for seizures?

Maintain airway and protect patients

The nurse sees a hospitalized client beginning to have a tonic-clonic seizure. What intervention should the nurse do first?

Maintain patent airway

What is the nursing priority for myasthenia gravis?

Maintain respiratory function

The nurse develops a teaching plan for a client with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease. Which topic is most important to include in the plan?

Maintain safe environment

Which clinical manifestations are found in the client diagnosed with stage 3 of Parkinson disease?

Masklike face, postural instability, increased gait disturbances

What is status epilepticus?

May be life threatening) Seizure more then 10 minutes long, repetitive without periods of consciousness, more then 3 per hour. This may lead to - Hypoxia, trauma, hyperthermia, hypoglycemia, aspiration, dehydration.

What is a drug used to treat RA?

Methotrexate

A client with hepatic cirrhosis begins to exhibit slurred speech, confusion, drowsiness, and a flapping tremor. Based upon this assessment, which prescribed diet would the nurse anticipate?

Moderate protein

How do you diagnose meningitis?

Monitor CSF

What do you look at with amputees?

Monitor Nehru vascular status of residual limb Skin flap appearance Skin color, temp, pulses, sensation, pulses, and cap refil

What do we need to prioritize for stroke patients?

Monitor food intake due to aspirations

What is a disease characterized by an inflammatory response resulting in diffuse, patchy areas of plaque on the myelin sheath?

Multiple Sclrtosis

What disease cause distorted acetylcholine receptors?

Myasthenia Travis

What is a nursing intervention that a nurse will use to rest the pancreas and reduce pancreatic enzyme secretion during acute pancreatitis?

NPO

What is priority for acute pancreatitis?

NPO

What are signs of acute pancreatitis?

NPO Severe mid epigastric pain Monitor glucose levels Amylase

After the above the knee amputation of the right leg, the client reports pain of the right foot. Which reason would the nurse explain to the client for the phantom limb pain?

Nerve endings in the limb are still intact and react to stimuli

Is dementia a normal brain development of aging?

No

Is lupus predictable?

No it is unpredictable with periods or remissions and attacks

Which findings would support a clients diagnosis of Parkinson's disease?

Non intentional tremors Masklike facial expressions Rigidity to passive movements

What is osteoarthritis?

Noninflammaty degenerative joint

Rest balanced with exercise, joint positioning, heat or cold applications, weight control, take adequate work breaks to rest joints in jobs where repetitive motion or joint stress is common.

Nonpharmacological intervention for osteoarthritis

The serum ammonia level of a client with hepatic cirrhosis and ascites is elevated. Which is an important nursing intervention?

Observe the client for increasing confusion

How is Hepatitis D transmitted?

Occurs only with HBV

What kind of fracture causes a risk for osteomyelitis?

Open fracture

How is hepatitis A and E transmitted?

Oral fecal route

May be unilateral, single joint, affects weight-bearing joints and hands, spine and is non-systemic.

Osteoarthritis

What is a degenerative disease with secondary inflammation?

Osteoarthritis

What are the bone forming cells?

Osteoblasts

What is softening of the bone due to inadequate vitamin D?

Osteomalacia

Referred to as a silent disease because the first sign is some kind of fracture?

Osteoporosis

What is a chronic disease of cellular regulation in which bone loss causes significant decreased density and possible fractures?

Osteoporosis

What are preventing falls, managing risk fractures, and adhering to preventative or treatment measures for bone loss?

Outcomes for patients with osteoporosis

What is the disease that involves a lack of dopamine not allowing for initiation or control of voluntary muscle movement?

Parkinson's

Which disease is treated with Carbidopa levodopa?

Parkinson's disease

Which action would the nurse take in caring for a client after surgical placement of an external fixator on the client's leg?

Perform a nuero vascular assessment in the lower extremity

What are complications for acute pancreatitis?

Pleural effusion, pneumonia and respiratory failure

What is a major complication of cirrhosis resulting in persistent increase in pressure with the portal vein (brings blood from GI tract). Beta blockers, such as propranolol and Naldolol may be prescribed?

Portal hypertension

Which task can be delegated safely by the registered nurse to the UAP for a client with thrombocytopenia?

Positioning the client

How can you prevent autonomic dysreflexia?

Prevent constipation, distention, wear loose clothing and make sure patient has empty bladder

What does tensilon produce?

Produces temporary myasthenic crisis

What is the most common symptom of myasthenia gravis?

Ptosis (drooping eyelid) found in 90% of patients

What can we test for with rheumatoid arthritis?

RF rheumatoid factor

What is your first reaction to a suspicion of increased ICP?

Raise head of bed

Which response to a Tensilon test would confirm the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?

Rapid but brief symptomatic improvement

What makes myasthenia gravis life threatening?

Respiratory failure

What do you encourage a patient to reduce the metabolic demand of the liver?

Rest

Which mechanism o action would the nurse identify for levodopa therapy prescribed to a patient diagnosed with Parkinson's disease?

Restores the dopamine levels in the brain

A chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease process that affects primarily the synovial joints?

Rheumatoid arthritis

A health care provider who is often most responsible for the day-to-day management of SLE

Rheumatology specialist

A 76 year old male client with end stage Alzheimer's is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following are important interventions that should be included in his plan of care? (select all that apply)

Routine schedule Provide undisturbed sleep Provide quiet and calm environment

What do we need to monitor patients for with multiple sclerosis?

Secondary infections due to medication

What are signs of Parkinson's disease?

Shuffled gait Appointments later in the day Carbidopa and levodopa Tremors and muscle rigidity

The nurse is attempting to position a client having an acute attack of pancreatitis in the most comfortable position possible. In which position does the nurse place this client?

Side lying with knees pulled to chest

Deformities (swan neck or ulnar deviation) and moderate-to severe pain and morning stiffness.

Signs and symptoms of Rheumatoid arthritis

Fever (above 38.3 C), swelling around the affected area, possible erythema and heat in the affected area, tenderness, bone pain that is constant, localized, and pulsating and worsens with movement.

Signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis

Red, macular, facial rash over the cheeks and nose in the shape of a butterfly, coin-shaped lesions on the face, scalp, and sun-exposed areas, sensitivity to sunlight, presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANA).

Signs and symptoms of systemic Lupus and Erythematosus

Less invasive, the patient will wear a boot around the skin and lay in a special orthopedic that has pulleys to attach to the boot.

Skin traction (Bucks)

What causes the hematological disorders of cirrhosis?

Splenomegaly

What PPE do you need for meningitis?

Standard unless bacterial

What should you teach patients about osteoporosis?

Stop smoking, decrease alcohol intake, exercising regularly and increasing dietary calcium

What are the five most common signs of a stroke?

Sudden confusion Sudden numbness Sudden trouble seeing Sudden dizziness Sudden severe headache

Which assessment finding by the nurse caring for a client with new-onset atrial fibrillation would be most important to communicate to the health care provider?

Sudden vision change

What should patients with lupus avoid?

Sunlight

Which disorder would the nurse suspect in a client who reports hair loss, joint pain, and a facial rash and has a medical record showing the prescience of a butterfly rash?

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Which action is essential for the nurse to include in the plan of care for a client with atrial fibrillation?

Take pulse apically for a full minute.

When providing care for a client with a traumatic brain injury and increased ICP, which health care provider prescription would the nurse question?

Teach isometric exercises

What helps diagnose myasthenia gravis?

Tension and prostigmin

What causes hepatic encephalopathy?

The buildup of ammonia in the body

The nurse is assessing a client for neurologic impairment after a total knee replacement. Which finding indicates impaired nerve function in the affected extremity?

The foot cant be moved

Can esophageal varices be an emergency?

This can become an emergency if the patient has an increase in pressure for example vomiting can cause a hemorrhage

A nurse cares for a client with hepatitis C. The client's brother states, "I do not want to contract this infection, so I will not go into his hospital room." How should the nurse respond?

This is only passed through oral fecal route not casual contact.

Which response would the nurse provide a client when asked the purpose of using Buck traction before surgery?

To immobilize the fracture

Why would lactulose be prescribed for a client with a history of cirrhosis?

To lower elevated ammonia levels

What is elevated due o the livers inability of the liver?

Total bilirubin

How does lactulose work?

Traps ammonia in the gut and excrete in the bowels

What are the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's disease?

Tremor Muscle righty Bradykinesia Akinesia

A patient is presents to the health clinic with concerns of developing Parkinson's Disease. Which of the follow manifestations is an initial sign of Parkinson's disease?

Tremors

Circulating autoantibodies attack tissues, causing this type of hypersensitivity reaction with formation of immune complexes.

Type 3 hypersensitivity

What is the most common way to diagnose gallstones?

Ultrasonography

A client is at risk for increased intracranial pressure (ICP) following a hemorrhagic stroke. Which finding is the priority for the nurse to monitor?

Unequal pupil size

Where is pain located for acute pancreatitis?

Upper left quadrant

A client is hospitalized with acute pancreatitis. Which would be included in the clients plan of care?

Use intravenous IV fluid pt should be NPO

What is Glasgow coma scale used for?

Used to asses the level of consciousness and neurological functioning after a TBI by measuring eye opening, best motor response, and best verbal response

What are the early signs of MS?

Vision changes such as blurred vision, diplopia, and vision changes

Which symptom would the nurse expect to decrease in response to corticosteroid therapy prescribed for a client with multiple sclerosis?

Visual impairments due decreasing inflammation

What iss normal bone building that is disrupted and calcification doesnt happen?

Vitamin D deficiency

Which information should be included in the teaching plan for a client with osteoporosis?

Vitamin D diet calcium foods figs, broccoli, and almonds Avoid clutter to prevent falls

What is the best exercise to prevent osteoporosis?

Walking

What can cause prevention of osteoporosis?

Weight bearing activities like walking Vitamin D vitamin Calcium Prevent falls Drug therapy Quit smoking Decrease alcohol intake

What cause splenomegaly?

When blood back up from the portal vein causing thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, and coagulation disorders as blood cells are decreased in irulation putting patients at risk for bleeding

What is an arteriovenous malformation?

When major arteries and veins don't develop normally. The capillary bed is missing and brain tissue is not normal.

What is intravenous fibrinolytic therapy?

Will help reestablish blood flow and prevent cerebral infarction

An older adult male client asks about the risks of having osteoporosis. Which response would the nurse make?

You might consider having a bone density test

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

a chronic progressive disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrists, feet, and ankles. Symmetrical disease Remission and dormant

What is an ischemic stroke?

a stroke caused by a blockage

What is systemic lupus erythematosus?

an autoimmune diseasse where antibodies fight the bodies own cells

The newest laboratory test that is very specific and sensitive in detecting RA.

anticyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP)

An invasive diagnostic procedure that may be used for patients with joint swelling caused by excess synovial fluid (effusion) that will help relieve pressure.

arthrocentesis

What is the most common cause of an embolic stroke?

atrial fibrillation

What is the surgical removal of the gallbladder?

cholecystectomy

What is the cause of multiple sclerosis?

demyelination

What is the treatment for compartment syndrome?

fasciotomy

What is receptive aphasia?

inability to understand written or spoken language

What is meningitis?

inflammation of the meninges

What is pancreatitis?

inflammation of the pancreas

What is considered a brain attack that causes death of the brain tissue?

ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

What is the typical onset of osteoarthritis?

older than 60

What is the progressive deterioration and loss of articular cartilage and bone in one or more joints

osteoarthritis

What are the 6 ps?

pain, pressure, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis

What is a procedure performed to remove abdominal fluid from the peritoneal cavity?

paracentesis

What is epilepsy?

recurrent, unprovoked seizures

The nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. Which elevated laboratory test result is most indicative of acute pancreatitis?

serum lipase

What are fatty stools that occurs because fat absorption is decreased as a result of the lack of bile?

steatorrhea

What is the most common cause of stroke?

thrombotic stroke

What is expressive aphasia?

trouble communicating thoughts through speech or writing

T/F Osteoarthritis is a unilateral disease process, whereas Rheumatoid arthritis is a bilateral disease process.

true

Which finding will the nurse observe in the client in the ictal (active) phase of a generalized tonic-clonic seizure?

unconscious, body stiffening, and violent muscle con tractions

What is ataxia?

uncoordinated or unsteady gait