NUT Unit 3

64. If a person loses 2 pounds of body weight following exercise, how much water should be consumed during the next bout of similar activity to maintain water balance?

1.0 to 1.4 liters

52. Athletes may have higher protein requirements than the RDA. What is the recommended protein intake for endurance athletes?

1.2-2.0 g/kg

58. The average adult female needs about ______ cups of water per day.

11

187. What is the adult RDA for iodide?

150 mcg/day

263. The AI for sodium in adults is

1500 mg/day

166. What is the RDA for iron in women under the age of 50

18 mg/day

6. I am 32 years old. What is my age-related maximum heart rate?

188 BPM

69. If the difference between preexercise and postexercise body weights is more than ______ percent, fluid replacement is necessary during the activity.

2

17. Strength training should be performed at least ________ days per week.

2-3

41. What percent of total energy intake should physically active people get from fat?

20 - 35%

31. An athlete's pre-event meal should provide _____________________ g of carbohydrate.

200-300

121. Angela weighs 61 kg and is 1.6 meters tall. Calculate her BMI, rounding to the nearest whole number.

24

215. What is the Adequate Intake level for chromium in young women?

25 mcg/day

210. Select the Adequate Intake (AI) level for chromium.

25-35 micrograms per day

70. A sports drink is recommended when exercise lasts at least

30 minutes.

194. The UL for zinc is _____ mg per day.

40

43. I weigh 50 kg, what is my RDA for protein?

40 g

272. The absorption of magnesium usually ranges from between

40-60%.

279. The adult RDA for magnesium is ______ milligrams per day for adult men (>30 years of age) and about ______ milligrams per day for adult women (>30 years of age).

420; 320

232. Depending on a person's unique body composition roughly what percentage of body weight is contributed by water?

50-75%

174. The male RDA for iron is ______ and the female (between 19 and 20 years of age) RDA for iron is ______.

8 mg/day; 18 mg/day

9. In a strength training workout, the individual should perform a minimum of ___________ exercises to strengthen the major muscle groups of the upper and lower body.

8-10

317. Which of the following persons is in a state of positive energy balance?

A 25-year-old woman who is in her 6th month of pregnancy

96. Choose the statements that are true about bulimia nervosa (BN).

A person with BN is difficult to identify by appearance. A person with BN often feels ashamed about their behavior and tries to hide it.

7. People who exercise regularly have a reduced risk for ______.

Alzheimer's disease hypertension many types of cancers

261. Which of the following is NOT a good source of phosphorus in the typical American diet?

Apples

301. Which of the following foods is an excellent source of heme iron?

Beef steak

318. Eating when one is not hungry as well as eating until uncomfortably full are both common signs of this eating disorder .

Binge-Eating Disorder

47. The adult Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) for protein is _________ g/kg of body weight.

Blank 1: 0.8 or .8

38. An athlete's pre-event meal should supply ______ to ___________ g of carbohydrate per kilogram of body weight

Blank 1: 1 or one Blank 2: 4 or four

63. The total water intake for women is ____________ cups per day and the total water intake for men is __________ cups per day.

Blank 1: 11 Blank 2: 15.5

193. The UL for selenium is _________ µg/day.

Blank 1: 400

204. The UL for selenium is ___________ µg/day.

Blank 1: 400

159. ____________medicine is the medical specialty that focuses on the treatment of obesity.

Blank 1: Bariatric, Bariatrics, or Bariatric medicine

137. ____________ methods of measuring energy expenditure are generally complex and require sophisticated laboratory tools.

Blank 1: Direct

165. ______________is the major storage form of iron that also helps regulate iron absorption.

Blank 1: Ferritin

202. ____________ can remineralize the tooth surface and prevent cavities.

Blank 1: Fluoride

168. _______________is an enlargement of the thyroid gland as a result of an iodine deficiency.

Blank 1: Goiter

185. ______________ is an enlargement of the thyroid gland as a result of an iodine deficiency.

Blank 1: Goiter

163. _________________is a necessary trace mineral for oxygen delivery and immune function

Blank 1: Iron

177. ___________ is a necessary trace mineral for oxygen delivery and immune function.

Blank 1: Iron

216. ______________is an important activator of many enzymes that play roles in wound healing, metabolism, bone and cartilage formation and antioxidant function.

Blank 1: Manganese

117. _____________ is a condition characterized by excessive and unhealthy amounts of body fat.

Blank 1: Obesity

125. A person's _____________ is about 10% higher than his or her ______________

Blank 1: RMR or Resting Metabolic Rate Blank 2: BMR or Basal Metabolic Rate

146. ___________ is the sense that enough food or beverages have been consumed to satisfy hunger.

Blank 1: Satiety, Satiation, or Fullness

167. ____________minerals perform vital roles in the body although the body only requires consumption of less than 100mg/day.

Blank 1: Trace

23. When working muscles metabolize glucose anaerobically, a build-up of ____________ can inhibit activities of key enzymes, slow anaerobic ATP production, and cause short-term fatigue

Blank 1: acidity, acid, H+, or lactate

14. To find your age-related maximal heart rate, subtract your _______ from __________

Blank 1: age Blank 2: 220

77. The psychological disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation that results in malnutrition and severe weight loss is called ____________ ____________

Blank 1: anorexia Blank 2: nervosa

155. The medical specialty that focuses on obesity treatment is known as _________________

Blank 1: bariatrics, bariatric medicine, or bariatric

103. The eating disorder that features recurrent episodes of overeating without purging is called ___________ _____________ _______________

Blank 1: binge- or binge Blank 2: eating Blank 3: disorder or syndrome

94. The psychological condition characterized by binge eating followed by purging behaviors is called __________ _____________

Blank 1: bulimia Blank 2: nervosa

244. The most plentiful mineral in the body is __________

Blank 1: calcium, Ca, or Ca++

50. The primary fuels for cellular activity are __________ and ___________

Blank 1: carbohydrate, carbs, glucose, or carbohydrates Blank 2: fat, lipids, or fats

51. The two types of protein found in milk are ____________ and ___________

Blank 1: casein Blank 2: whey

238. A person who has perspired a lot while exercising on a humid day is at risk for ___________ due to fluid losses.

Blank 1: dehydration

74. Psychological disturbances that can lead to abnormal food-related behaviors and subsequent dangerous physiological complications are called ________ _________

Blank 1: eating Blank 2: disorders

148. A trendy weight-loss practice that has widespread appeal among the population as a "quick fix", often offering gimmicks or supplements, is called a _____________

Blank 1: fad

37. Athletes can consume sports drinks, candy, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and fruit or fruit juices to restore ______________ stores quickly following an athletic event.

Blank 1: glycogen, glucose, carbohydrate, carb, carbs, or muscle glycogen

253. The crystalline structure composed of calcium and phosphorus used for bone formation is called _____________

Blank 1: hydroxyapatite

273. The condition that is characterized by elevated blood pressure is called ____________

Blank 1: hypertension or HTN

108.The rapid loss of electrolytes and fluids due to purging in bulimia nervosa can cause low blood levels of potassium, a condition known as _________________

Blank 1: hypokalemia

97. The rapid loss of electrolytes and fluids due to purging in bulimia nervosa can cause low blood levels of potassium, a condition known as __________________

Blank 1: hypokalemia

224. Consuming high amounts of the __________ form of arsenic can cause health problems such as cancer.

Blank 1: inorganic

229. The body maintains fluid balance by controlling in each compartment the concentration of ________________

Blank 1: ions

157. A person taking a ____________ inhibitor for weight loss often takes a multiple vitamin supplement to replace fat-soluble vitamins lost when fat digestion is reduced by 30%.

Blank 1: lipase

92. The onset of the first menstrual cycle for female adolescents is called ____________

Blank 1: menarche

149. The practice of living and responding to the present moment with an attitude of observance and nonjudgment is called ______________

Blank 1: mindfulness

158. The practice of living and responding to the present moment with an attitude of observance and nonjudgment is called _______________

Blank 1: mindfulness

100. A disordered eating pattern that is characterized by an unhealthy preoccupation with the body being too thin or not muscular enough is called ____________ _____________

Blank 1: muscle Blank 2: dysmorphia

111. A disordered eating pattern that is characterized by an unhealthy preoccupation with the body being too thin or not muscular enough is called _____________ ______________

Blank 1: muscle Blank 2: dysmorphia

101. An eating disorder characterized by food binges occurring after the evening meal and/or when the person awakens from sleep during the night is called ____________ ___________ __________

Blank 1: night Blank 2: eating Blank 3: disorder or syndrome

22. Muscle cells use a small amount of _____________ to make energy used for muscular contraction.

Blank 1: protein or amino acids

29. Muscle cells use a small amount of __________ to make energy used for muscular contraction.

Blank 1: protein or amino acids

199. Exceeding the daily UL for selenium can lead to toxicity, known as ___________

Blank 1: selenosis

260. Table salt is chemically known as __________ ___________

Blank 1: sodium or Na Blank 2: chloride or Cl

257. People with osteoporosis may break a bone by falling, or they may experience ________________ fractures, in which a fragile bone gives way for no apparent reason.

Blank 1: spontaneous

132. The technique used to measure the difference between the weight on a standard scale and that during submersion in water is called __________ ______________

Blank 1: underwater or hydrostatic Blank 2: weighing

71. The NCAA monitors the use of ergogenic aids through random _________ testing.

Blank 1: urine

308. Which of the following is NOT a key role of iron in the body?

Bone health

82. Which of the following are types of eating disorders?

Bulimia nervosa Anorexia nervosa Binge-eating disorder

28. What is the predominate fuel supplying energy during maximal exercise, such as sprinting?

Carbohydrate

161. Select the most logical approaches to weight loss.

Change problematic eating behaviors. Increase physical activity. Eat less.

49. 1.2g/kg/day-2.0g/kg/day

Choice, endurance and resistance athletes endurance and resistance athletes

48. .8g/kg/day

Choice, healthy adults healthy adults

12. flexibilitiy exercises

Choice, holding stretches for 10-30 seconds holding stretches for 10-30 seconds

10. aerobic exercise

Choice, sustained, rhythmic contractions of large muscle groups in the legs and arms sustained, rhythmic contractions of large muscle groups in the legs and arms

11. strength exercise

Choice, used to increase bone density used to increase bone density

182. Which of the following are functions of zinc?

Cofactor for hundreds of enzymes DNA synthesis

309. Which of the following statements about normal weight obesity is false?

Condition associated with high muscularity and high BMI

293. According to scientific evidence, which of the following substances may improve the performance of sprinters and weight lifters?

Creatine

34. In order to maintain adequate stores of glycogen, an athlete should eat several servings per day of which of the following foods?

Dairy Whole grains Starchy vegetables Fruits

291. Alex is a collegiate soccer play who typically plays the entire 90-minute match for his team. How much fluid should Alex consume after his matches?

Drink 1.25 to 1.5 L of fluid for every kilogram of body weight lost during exercise

66. When should an athlete consume a sports beverages?

During physical activities lasting more than 30-60 minutes. When exercising in excessive heat and humidity. When participating in high-intensity activities.

124. All of the following are examples of energy output EXCEPT: Multiple choice question. Eating a large meal Muscular contractions Liver production of bile Absorption of nutrients

Eating a large meal

131. Which of the following best describes the energy balance equation?

Energy input = Energy output

212. What is the function of Chromium?

Enhance effect of insulin Glucose regulation

290. Which of the following factors does not contribute to the dietary needs of an athlete?

Ethnicity

15. Which are good ways to make exercise more enjoyable?

Exercise with a buddy Include variety

200. True or false: Conclusive evidence suggests that selenium, an antioxidant, has been show to significantly reduce the risk of cancer.

False

78. True or false: An eating disorder is a term used to describe a short-term and mild change in a person's eating habits.

False

35. What is the predominate fuel supplying energy during lower intensity exercise, such as weight-lifting?

Fat (Lipid)

36. Under normal conditions, most muscles use mostly which nutrients as an energy source?

Fatty acids Glucose

201. Which of the following is not considered an essential nutrient?

Fluoride

312. Which of the following hormones stimulates hunger sensations?

Ghrelin

196. Evidence is inconclusive on the role of selenium-rich diets in lowering risk for which of the following?

Heart disease Cancer

304. Which form of iron is more readily absorbed in the human intestinal tract?

Heme iron

281. Functions for chloride in the body include

Hydrochloric acid production in the stomach. transmission of nerve impulses. regulation of acid base balance.

181. What is the best food source for iodide?

Iodized salt, 1/2 tsp

189. In what country was Zinc deficiency first discovered?

Iran

162. Which of the following minerals are trace minerals?

Iron Manganese Copper

268. What role in the body do sodium and potassium have in common?

Maintaining fluid balance.

164. What is the main source of heme iron?

Meat

128. Factors of energy output include:

Metabolism Digestion Physical Activity

295. Sulfur is a component of which two amino acids?

Methionine and cysteine

222. Which of the following is a cofactor of four enzymes including sulfite oxidase and xanthine oxidase?

Molybdenum

307. ________ is an iron-containing protein in muscle that is responsible for oxygen uptake from red blood cells.

Myoglobin

277. Since there is no Upper Level set for potassium, is it advisable for individuals to take potassium supplements?

No

113. ______ is considered having extra weight from bone, muscle, body fat and/or body water; whereas, ______ is a condition characterized by excessive and unhealthy amounts of body fat.

Overweight; obesity

55. Which functions of iron are associated with optimizing athletic performance?

Oxygen transport Red blood cell production Energy production

298. Which factor(s) decrease(s) absorption of dietary calcium?

Phytic acid Chronic diarrhea High fiber intake Vitamin D deficiency All of these choices are accurate.

46. Which of the following is not a major biological fuel?

Protein

130. How is resting metabolic rate (RMR) different from basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

RMR is higher

275. Which of the following is NOT a good source of magnesium?

Refined grains

42. What is the best way to replenish glycogen stores following exhaustive exercise?

Rest High-carbohydrate diet

176. If an individual ate primarily locally produced foods, which location would have the least likelihood for developing goiter?

San Diego, CA

323. Which of the following behaviors is typical of someone who has disordered eating but not an eating disorder?

Skipping breakfast when late for an exam

245. Which of the following are major minerals?

Sodium Potassium Calcium

39. What is a convenient way to add a source of glucose during lengthy and vigorous physical activity?

Sports drinks

313. ________ fat insulates the body and protects muscles and bones from bumps and bruises.

Subcutaneous

33. What is the main purpose of adding carbohydrate to sport drinks?

Supplies glucose during lengthy and vigorous physical activity

24. The focus of sports nutrition is on which of the following?

Supporting recovery following a training session Improving athletic performance

172. What happens when the body has adequate iron stores?

The absorptive cells of the small intestine make ferritin which blocks iron absorption.

297. Which of the following organs is not directly involved in maintaining the body's fluid balance?

Thyroid gland

171. Select the primary function of iodine.

Thyroid hormone synthesis

53. Why are oxidative vitamins important?

To protect the body against oxidative stress and damage

203. True or false: Fluoridated water over a lifetime may reduce a person's likelihood of tooth decay by 25%.

True

223. True or false: Trace minerals that have yet to have a clearly identified function in humans include boron, nickel, vanadium, arsenic, lithium, and silicon.

True

235. True or false: Most unusable substances in the body can dissolve in water and exit the body through the urine.

True

248. True or false: Each of the MyPlate food groups contribute minerals to the diet.

True

283. True or false: There is no Upper Level for potassium.

True

285. The adult (19-30 years of age) RDA for magnesium is 400 milligrams per day for young men and 310 milligrams per day for young women.

True

191. Select the food source that provides the most selenium per serving.

Tuna, 3 oz

218. Which of the following minerals may have physiological roles in the body but since their roles are not clear, they have not been classified as essential nutrients?

Vanadium Arsenic Nickel

311. ________ fat is located deep within the abdominal region and protects digestive organs.

Visceral

251. Calcium absorption in the small intestine is achieved with the help of

Vitamin D. calcium-binding protein.

314. Which of the following methods is not useful for estimating total energy expenditure?

Waistline measurements

5. Which of the following is the best example of physical activity?

Walking to class

16. Which part of the exercise program is designed to increase your joints' range of motion and may decrease your risk of injury?

Warm-up

208. Select food sources for chromium.

Whole-grain Bread Broccoli Potatoes

190. Zinc is necessary for which of the following?

Wound healing

264. Which bones are most often subject to osteoporosis-related fractures?

Wrist bones Hip bones Vertebrae

225. How long can a human survive without water?

a few days

320. Which answer would result in a higher success rate for treating individuas with an eating disorders?

a multidisciplinary approach involving medical specialists as well as family members.

122. If fat is deposited in the ______ area, it poses a greater risk for chronic disease.

abdominal

3. Environmental factors that contribute to an individual's physical activity include

ability to walk to destinations. neighborhood safety. availability of local parks, trails, and fitness centers.

319. Wendy is a 17-year-old world class endurance runner who suffers from the female athlete triad. Based on this information, she has ________.

abnormal menstrual cycles

89. The hypokalemia observed in people suffering from bulimia nervosa can be caused by

abuse of diuretics. self-induced vomiting.

73. How does the NCAA monitor the use of ergogenic aids in student athletes?

administering random urine testing

4. What type of exercise involves sustained, rhythmic contractions of large muscle groups?

aerobic

19. Healthy adults should participate in which of the following activities?

aerobic flexibility exercise neuromotor exercise strength-training

13. The ability of your heart and lungs to deliver oxygen to muscles is called

aerobic capacity.

21. VO2 max is also known as

aerobic capacity.

134. The following factor(s) can affect actual energy requirements ______.

age height weight

241. Which MyPlate food group does not contribute minerals to the diet?

all MyPlate food groups contribute minerals to the diet

321. Carey skips breakfast and eats only organic foods. Before exams, she avoids eating anything that is "alive" or "had a face" while it was alive. Her BMI is 21.6 and she seems to be healthy. Based on this information, Carey is at risk of developing ________.

an eating disorder

81. Which eating disorder has the highest mortality?

anorexia nervosa

75. What are the three main types of eating disorders that physicians can diagnose?

anorexia nervosa binge eating disorder bulimia nervosa

284. Sulfur is essential to the functioning of glutathione which has ______ activity in the body.

antioxidant

136. A person with central-body obesity has a body that is ______ shaped and a person with lower-body fat distribution has a body that is ______ shaped.

apple; pear

214. Chromium levels in plant foods

are reflective of chromium content in the soil.

129. When compared to direct methods of measuring energy expenditure, indirect methods ______.

are relatively inexpensive involve minimal equipment

105. People with muscle dysmorphia

are usually male. exercise obsessively. are often body builders.

160. Choose the true statements about hypothyroidism.

associated with reduced metabolic rate, weight gain, and increased risk of overweight and obesity caused by the autoimmune destruction of thyroid tissue testing should be done for individuals with an unexplained weight gain

198. Select food sources of selenium that could be consumed by a vegan.

baked beans Brazil nuts

276. Of the foods listed below, the food that provides the most potassium is ______.

baked potato

62. Athletes who restrict their consumption of dairy products may ______.

be at risk for osteoporosis later in life have weak bones that fracture easily

86. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by

becoming emaciated. self-imposed starvation.

85. Choose the two classic characteristics of bulimia nervosa.

binge eating purging

227. Which of the following is not a function of water within the body?

bodily fluids provide a source of energy to the body

252. Roles for calcium in the body include

bone and teeth formation. muscle contraction. blood clot formation.

247. The process by which bone tissue gains strength and rigidity is called

bone mineralization.

175. Which of the following foods contain goitrogens?

cabbage brussels sprouts cauliflower

141. Factors that increase a person's basal metabolic rate include ______.

caffeine tall stature periods of growth

179. Thyroid hormone controls the rate of ______ metabolism.

cellular

249. Most of the calcium in American diets comes from ______.

cheese fluid milk yogurt

267. Table salt is composed of sodium and

chloride.

280. Magnesium is a critical component in ______, making plants good food sources for magnesium.

chlorophyll

270. Ted would like to lower his blood pressure by making a few dietary changes. If Ted aims to increase his potassium intake, he should

choose more fruits and vegetables.

80. Which of the following is associated with disordered eating?

concerns about body image skipping meals or following fad diets

98. Choose the two classic characteristics of binge eating disorder.

consume a large amount of food over a brief period does not include purging behavior

115. The most costly conditions associated with obesity include ______.

coronary artery disease type 2 diabetes arthritis

294. The very dense outer surface of bone is called

cortical bone.

255. Good dietary sources of phosphorus include

dairy. meat.

154. Combining _____ calorie intake with _____ physical activity is key for weight loss and weight maintenance.

decreased; increased

233. The state that describes body water depletion is called

dehydration.

209. Adding fluoride to water can safely prevent _____.

dental caries

18. Discontinuing an exercise program results in ______.

detraining

186. Exceeding the UL for zinc may result in

diarrhea. lowered HDL cholesterol levels. depressed immune system function.

91. Binge-eating disorder is different than bulimia nervosa in that patients with binge-eating disorder

do not purge after overeating.

59. What should you do if you experience painful muscle spasms?

drink juice or a sports drink rest the muscle gently stretch and massage the affected muscle

256. The greatest proportion of calcium absorption occurs in the

duodenum.

236. Mineral elements that have electrical charges that help maintain fluid balance in the body are called

electrolytes. ions.

138. When the energy intake is equal to the energy output, body weight is maintained and the person is in ______.

energy balance

8. Neighborhood safety, proximity of restaurants and shopping, and availability of parks, trails, and fitness centers are all _____ factors that contribute to a person's ability to be physically active.

environmental

195. Recall that selenium is a component of several

enzymes.

217. Which of the following terms best describe the mineral molybdenum?

essential trace

104. Low energy availability is associated with a(an)

estrogen deficiency.

88. An intense fear of gaining weight compels people with anorexia nervosa to

fast frequently. exercise excessively. diet frequently.

226. What type of tissue contains the least amount of water?

fat tissue

32. What are some possible consequences for athletes who do not consume enough calories?

fatigue risk of injury loss of muscle mass

156. People with hypothyroidism may experience ______.

fatigue weight gain reduced metabolic rate

243. The kidneys produce smaller amounts of urine when

fluid loss is great. fluid intake is limited.

207. Cavities can be prevented by consuming ______.

fluoride

300. Angela is a 20-year-old college student. In addition to having a history of dental decay, she seems to break bones easily. Based on this information, Angela may need to increase her intake of ________.

fluoride

76. Which factors can contribute to the development of an eating disorder?

genetic psychological social

315. What can an individual do to see if their genes have a greater influence on their weight?.

get a genetic risk score

27. Consuming several servings of whole grains, dairy foods, starchy vegetables and fruits each day will maintain adequate stores of _____________ in the liver and muscle.

glycogen

305. Foods such as turnips, cabbage, cauliflower, and broccoli contain ________ that inhibit iodide metabolism by the thyroid gland.

goitrogens

120. Obese individuals often have _______ medical care costs than people with healthy body weights.

greater

106. Athletes that participate in a sport that emphasize small, lean bodies or requires "making weight" such as _______ are at increased risk of developing an eating disorder.

gymnastics wrestling

316. Ashley's BMI is 23.7. Based on this information, her weight is in the ________ range.

healthy (normal)

116. Which two variables are used to calculate a person's BMI?

height weight

126. When calculating your estimated energy requirement, you will need to incorporate your ______.

height weight age

246. Iron is an important component of

hemoglobin in blood cells.

107. Female athletes have a _______ risk of disordered eating practices compared to males and females who do not participate in sports.

higher

271. The AI for sodium is __________ in people who perspire heavily.

higher

147. Choose factors that increase body fat accumulation.

hormonal imbalance sleep deprivation high stress

266. A person with persistently elevated blood pressure is diagnosed with ______.

hypertension

265. Which of the following diseases or conditions are positively affected by calcium rich diets?

hypertension chronic inflammation insulin resistance

67. Drinking too much water, resulting in diluting blood sodium can cause

hyponatremia.

169. What are roles of iron within the human body?

immune function carrying oxygen part of many enzymes neurological function

60. Choose the roles played by vitamins and minerals.

immune function hemoglobin formation cofactors involved in energy metabolism bone health

150. Increasing your physical activity will _____ how many calories you burn.

increase

292. A weight loss of 2% or more of body weight by dehydration carries some risk of ________.

increased body temperature reduced blood volume decreased performance All of these choices are correct.

220. Food crops that acquire arsenic from which of the following sources poses the greatest health risk?

insecticides

145. Which hormone promotes glucose and fatty acid uptake, inhibits lipolysis, and promotes the production of new fat cells?

insulin

2. Which of the following is not considered a health benefit associated with regular physical activity?

irregular sleeping cycles

197. Fluoride is not considered an essential nutrient because

it is not require for growth. it does not sustain life.

90. In order to diagnose a patient with anorexia nervosa, the doctor needs to determine if the patients weight is

less than "minimally normal".

153. Choose the weight-loss medication currently approved by FDA for weight loss.

lipase inhibitor

206. Chromium is important for the metabolism and storage of ______.

lipid carbohydrate protein

102. Females exhibiting the female athlete triad may intentionally restrict their calorie intake to

lose weight. improve athletic performance. maintain a lean physique.

26. Athletes who don't consume sufficient calories can experience

loss of bone density. muscle mass loss. fatigue.

237. Calcium, sodium and potassium are examples of _____ minerals

major

242. Calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium, chloride and sulfur are minerals that are categorized as

major minerals.

180. Zinc deficiencies were first observed in diets high in unleavened breads. The food group they were most likely to lack that contributed to the zinc deficiency was

meat.

123. Apple-shaped (central-body fat distribution) obesity is associated with ______.

men with an "apple" body shape increased risk for serious, chronic diseases

83. A girl will not experience _____ until she has about 17% body fat.

menarche

110. Physiological consequences of low estrogen levels include

menstrual disturbances. reduced bone mass.

139. Genetic factors that can play a role in the development of obesity include:

metabolic rate hormone production body frame

133. What mechanisms make energy balance complex?

metabolic rates differ hormone levels influence weight loss adaptive thermogenesis and NEAT vary from person to person

221. Choose the functions of manganese.

metabolism wound healing antioxidant function bone and cartilage formation

288. Sulfur is a component of

methionine. biotin. cysteine.

302. In iron-deficiency anemia, the red blood cells are usually classified as

microcytic and hypochromic.

56. Casein and whey are the two types of protein found in _____.

milk

143. Children are ____ likely to become overweight or obese if their mothers were overfat prior to becoming pregnant.

more

84. People with a mother or sister with anorexia nervosa are ______ likely to develop an eating disorder themselves.

more

99. Binge-eating disorder may be ________ common than anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

more

213. Americans typically consume ______ the RDA of 0.9 mg/day for copper.

more than

118. The percentage of obese American adults has ______ from 1988 to 1994.

more than doubled

274. Potassium is needed by the body for

muscle contraction. nerve transmission.

25. An increase in muscle acidity results in

muscle fatigue.

170. The type of iron found in plant foods is referred to as

nonheme iron.

93. Because people with binge-eating disorder do not purge, their risk for _______ increases.

obesity

152. Fad diets ______.

offer a 'quick fix' to your weight problem rely on testimonials for evidence of effectiveness limit food selections to a few food groups

219. Which of the following are good sources of copper?

organ meats whole grains seeds

192. Select rich food sources of zinc.

oysters beef roast baked beans

151. Choose factors that decrease body fat accumulation.

physical activity mindful eating practices healthy sleep

44. The primary source of fat to fuel activity is

plasma FFAs intramuscular triglycerides.

144. Choose the factors that will increase a person's basal metabolic rate.

post-exercise recovery lactation stress

239. Which of the following minerals participate in nerve transmission?

potassium calcium sodium

287. Most salt substitutes are comprised of ______.

potassium chloride

269. Examples of foods high in sodium are

processed snacks.

142. Choose roles of insulin in energy balance.

promotes triglyceride synthesis in the liver promotes glucose and fatty acid uptake inhibits lipolysis in fat cells

54. Which fuel provides no more than 10 to 15% of the body's energy needs?

protein

112. To help in the treatment of patients with eating disorders, registered dietitians can

provide medical nutrition therapy. answer questions about food and nutrition. help patients in recovery to avoid relapse.

109. A professional that plays a critical role in the treatment of eating disorders is a ______.

psychologist registered dietitian medical doctor

324. People who have bulimia nervosa typically avoid gaining weight after bingeing on food by ________.

purging, including self-induced vomiting

183. Soy products, turnips, and broccoli all contain compounds that

reduce thyroid production.

234. Which of the following are functions of water?

regulate body temperature major solvent transport nutrients

68. Choose the true statements about anabolic steroids.

regulated by the FDA and Drug Enforcement Administration pose serious health risks mimic the action of the male hormone testosterone

286. Chloride along with sodium plays an important role in

regulating fluid balance.

57. Weak bones that fracture easily and having an increased risk for osteoporosis are possible outcomes of ______.

restricting consumption of dairy products low vitamin D intake low calcium intake

262. Sodium is often added to foods during processing in order to

retard food spoilage. enhance flavor.

184. Zinc is readily found in which of the following foods?

roast beef baked beans

173. Which of the following are good dietary sources of iodine?

seaweed milk saltwater fish

282. Excellent sources of chloride include

seaweed. celery. tomatoes.

72. Symptoms of hyponatremia include

seizures. confusion. headaches.

306. Which of the following is NOT classified as an ultratrace mineral?

selenium

188. Selenium functions within the body as a component of several proteins referred to as ______.

selenoproteins

79. People with anorexia nervosa

severely restrict their food intake. have distorted body images.

259. Most of the phosphorus in the body can be found in the

skeleton.

299. Lola doesn't like to cook, so she eats fast food at least three times a week. When she doesn't eat fast food, she opens a can of soup and makes a ham and cheese sandwich. For snacks, she prefers processed cheese cubes, potato chips, and pretzels. Based on this information, her diet is very high in ________.

sodium

127. Central-body obesity is

sometimes described as having an "apple" body shape. symbolic of extra visceral fat stores. more common in men.

211. To prevent dental fluorosis children should

spit out excess fluid. rinse with water after brushing teeth. use a pea-sized amount of toothpaste.

30. Nutrition that focuses on applying nutrition principles and research findings to improve athletic performance and recovery is referred to as _______ nutrition.

sports

135. All of the following will increase an individual's BMR except ______.

starvation

228. Diffusion _____ when the concentrations of the material on either side of the plasma membrane are equal.

stops

65. Involuntary muscle spasms usually affect the back, abdominal, or calf muscles. The recommended treatment for these painful cramps include resting, drinking juice or a sports drink, massaging and _____ the affected muscles.

stretching

258. Consuming a calcium rich diet may have beneficial effects on

successful weight loss.

205. What are causes of fluorosis in children?

swallowing dental rinses swallowing toothpaste

1. Activities are classified as physical activity or exercise, which of the following examples of movements are classified as physical activity?

sweeping the kitchen floor. shopping for groceries

254. Roles for phosphorus in the body include

synthesizing DNA. generating ATP regulating acid-base balance.

296. Sulfur is a component of all of the following EXCEPT ________.

the amino acids tryptophan and valine

95. Night eating syndrome is characterized by

the belief that one can only fall asleep after a large meal. sleep disturbances. waking during the night to binge eat.

278. The absorption of dietary magnesium increases when

the body is deficient in magnesium.

45. The recommended fat intake of 20 to 35% of energy is ______ for athletes compared to the general population.

the same

250. Major minerals are called major because

they are stored in the body in larger quantities. they are needed in greater dietary amounts.

322. Amenorrhea occurs when a female who has previously experienced normal menstrual cycles does not menstruate for ________.

three months or longer

240. Water aids in the removal of waste products from the body

through the production of urine.

310. The ________ gland produces the primary hormone that controls the metabolic rate.

thyroid

40. Plasma FFA and intramuscular ______________ are the primary sources of fat to fuel physical activity.

triglycerides

119. Which of the following health problems is associated with excess weight?

type 2 diabetes

114. Identify the health problems associated with excess weight.

type 2 diabetes hypertension CVD

20. Enduring fitness plans include

variety. an exercise buddy.

230. Humans are able to make some water and to obtain it from which of the following types of foods?

vegetables fruits

303. Jared is a vegan. He can increase his intestinal tract's ability to absorb iron in his diet by combining iron-rich plant foods with sources of ________.

vitamin C

231. Recommendations for total _____ intake vary widely because factors such as environmental temperatures, health conditions, physical activities, and dietary choices influence individual requirements.

water

61. Athletic performance suffers when one is deficient in

water. iron. calories.

289. The top of the Physical Activity Pyramid emphasizes activities that

we should do less of, such as watching TV.

140. Choose the accurate statements that explain why energy balance is a complex process.

weight loss produces differing fat and lean mass losses weight gain varies even with the same amount of overfeeding

87. Choose signs and symptoms of bulimia nervosa.

worn tooth enamel chronic sore throat frequent heartburn

178. Which of the following groups has marginally adequate intakes of iodine?

young American women