Nutrition

Tomas has taken up bodybuilding and is starting to become more interested in a diet to improve athletic performance. He read an article in a bodybuilding magazine that said he should dramatically increase his dietary protein intake. What happens to excessive dietary protein intake?

With excessive protein intake, amino acids may be used to meet energy needs or converted to and stored as fat.*

A food that results in a(n) _____ of nitrogen released from the body has a high biological value, meaning that the majority of the protein has been absorbed by the body

amount greater than consumed*

A food that releases a substantial amount of nitrogen following digestion is a food with a _____.

low biological value

Dietary protein has to be denatured before your body can utilize it. There are a number of ways a protein can be denatured. Drag the potential way to denature protein into its appropriate classification, determining whether or not this is a viable way to denature protein.

DENATURE: cooking a piece of meat; adding acid or base to a protein-containing food; beating an egg vigorously with an electric beater WON'T DENATURE: exposing a piece of cheese to air; refrigerating a glass of milk; soaking lentils in water

Classify the following factors as likely to result in the production of new body protein or not.

Does not stimulate body protein production: cortisol, thyroid hormone Stimulates body protein production: testosterone; growth hormone; insulin

*

I think Idk

Classify each of the following situations as creating positive or negative nitrogen balance.

POSITIVE: Growth; insulin and growth hormone; pregnancy; testosterone. NEGATIVE: burns; fever and infection; inadequate protein intake; inadequate energy intake; cortisol.

Protein plays many roles in the body. Drag the case study situation to its corresponding protein function classification.

PRODUCES BODY COMPONENTS: a malnourished baby who doesn't eat enough protein will likely have incomplete or poor bone formation MAINTAINS FLUID BALANCE: Louisa is a very elderly woman with malnutrition related to congestive heart failure CONTRIBUTES TO ACID-BASE BALANCE: including moderate amounts of protein in the diet helps keep Manny's blood slightly basic and prevent it from getting too acidic. FORMS ENZYMES AND HORMONES: after eating a meal, Charlie's pancreas automatically secretes insulin to help shuttle the glucose into his cells. CONTRIBUTES TO IMMUNE FUNCTION: Larissa is chronically malnourished toddler whose only energy source comes from starchy foods; she recently contracted measles. PROVIDES ENERGY AND SATIETY: Bill has been eating 2 whey protein shakes per day and he cannot understand why he is gaining weight and inches around his waist instead of increasing body mass.

Determine whether each of the case study situations is in positive protein balance, negative protein balance, or protein equilibrium by dragging it to its appropriate classification.

Positive protein balance:Quinn Negative protein balance: Stella, Barney, Rachel Equilibrium: Larissa

There are a number of nutrients that can become deficient in a vegan person if the vegan diet he or she follows is not properly planned. For each of the groups of foods, identify which nutrient is the best source and drag the food group to the appropriate nutrient classification.

RIBOFLAVIN AND IRON: Green leafy vegetables; fortified grains, breakfast cereals and legumes. VITAMIN D: Fortified foods and regular sun exposure. VITAMIN B-12: Must obtain from supplement source as plant based foods have negligible amounts of this nutrient. PROTEIN: Dried peas and beans; soy based products; nuts and legumes. CALCIUM: Fortified soy milk; fortifies orange juice tofu processed with calcium salts, and fortified ready to eat breakfast cereals.

North Americans are often mistaken about their own protein needs and the role of protein in the body. Determine whether each of the protein statements is true or false and drag the statement to its correct classification.

TRUE: North Americans would benefit from eating more plant sources of proteins; protein is the only macronutrient that contains nitrogen; plant foods can be combined in the diet in the same meal or two subsequent meals to provide complementary amino acid profiles. FALSE: Healthcare professionals should place more emphasis on ensuring North Americans are getting enough proteins in their diets; only animal protein can provide all 9 essential amino acids needed to make a complete protein; taking amino acids as supplements is recommended for muscle building since excess amino acids can be stored as muscle.

Determine whether the breakfast is appropriate for a vegan, lactovegetarian, or lactoovovegetarian and drag the breakfast to its appropriate classification.

VEGAN: oatmeal made with soy milk and blueberries lACTOVEGETARIAN: whole wheat toast with melted cheese and a glass orange juice LACTOOVOVEGETARIAN: omelet made with two eggs, shredded cheese, and peppers.