Nutrition 4
Choose the chemicals that function as an enzyme.
ATPase Sucrase Lactase
An ___________loses hydrogen ions when dissolved in water,whereas a _________ accepts hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.
Acid, Base
The chemical breakdown of starch that occurs in the mouth is due to the enzyme action of
Amylase
Diarrhea is most often caused by________
Bacterial infections viral infections
Duodenum
Bicarbonate(an alkaline fluid) is secreted here
The main function of _____________ is to emulsify fat, thus assisting in fat digestion
Bile
Digestive system
Breaking down and absorption of food
Digestive system
Breaks down food both mechanically and chemically
The exchange of nutrients, oxygen and waste products between the blood and the cells throughout the body occurs across the cells lining the ___________
Capillaries
The heart, blood vessels and blood make up the ________________ system
Cardiovascular
The_______system is an example of an organ system
Cardiovascular
Molecules are formed when 2 or more atoms interact and are held together by a __________bond.
Chemical
People with _________ ___________ produce thick mucus that block passageways, particularly in the respiratory and digestive systems. They often suffer
Cystic fibrosis
nervous system
Detects sensation, controls physiological and intellectual functions
Which of the following are examples of organ systems?
Digestive system Endocrine system
Arrange the parts of the small intestine in order they appear in the GI tract.
Duodenum Jejunum Ileum
Solubility
Ease with which a substance dissolves in a liquid solvent
A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means is called a(A)___________
Element
A protein that catalyzes a particular chemical reaction inside the body is called a_____________
Enzyme
List the organs in the order they occur in the gastrointestinal tract
Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum
List the organs in the order they occur in the gastrointestinal tract.
Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Rectum
Solution
Evenly distributed mixture of two or more compounds
molecule
Forms when two or more atoms are joined together
Choose the statement that are true about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
It is a general name for a group of diseases that cause inflammation and swelling of the intestines The cause is unknown Ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease are the two most common forms
identify the organs that work together to maintain the acid-base balance of the blood.
Kidney Lungs Gallbladder
Homeostasis can be disrupted by ___________________
Lengthy periods of sickness times of starvation or dieting Changes in the cells internal environment
The _______________ uses cholesterol to make bile
Liver
The hepatic portal vein takes water-soluble nutrients to the ______________
Liver
Identify three organs that are an important part of the digestive system, even though they do not come in direct contact with food matter in the gastrointestinal tract.
Liver Pancreas Gallbladder
the ___________ is the open space inside a structure such as the small intestine
Lumen
______________ is the sum of al chemical reactions occuring in living cells
Metabolism
Ileum
Minimal absorption occurs here
What are causes of diarrhea?
More water than normal is secreted into the GI tract and The GI tract absorbs less water than normal.
A slippery, alkaline substance that protects the stomach from its acid and digestive enzyme is called____________
Mucus
The main organs of the muscular system are the
Muscle
Electron
Negatively charged particle that surrounds that nucleus of an atom
Stores genetic material
Nucleolus
Which of the following are considered accessory organs to digestion?
Pancreas Gallbladder Liver
Waves of muscular contractions that propel food along the gastrointestinal tract are called _____________________
Peristalsis
Proton
Positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom
What are forms of dietary fiber that are poorly digested by humans but support and promote the growth of probiotics in the colon?
Prebiotics
soybean,berries,garlic,barley,kale and legumes are rich sources of
Prebiotics
When should a physician be consulted for vomiting
Presence of blood (coffee ground looking ) in the vomit Combined with fever and diarrhea
integumentary system
Prevents invasion by disease causing bacteria
Live,beneficial intestinal microbes (Primarily bacteria or yeast) that have been grown under laboratory conditions are called
Probiotics
Liver
Produce and Secretes bile
Salivary glands
Produce and secrete salivary
Pancreas
Produce and secrete the majority of digestive enzymes
The endocrine system includes
Regulation of metabolism The workings of hormones The thyroid gland and fat cells
Gallbladder
Release bile into duodenum
Lymphatic system
Removes foreign substances from the blood and aids in fat absorption
Urinary system
Removes waste products from the circulatory system
A_________________ forms when an acid reacts with a base
Salt
Which system of the body produces red blood cells and store several minerals?
Skeletal
Enzymes
Speed up chemical reactions Are recyclable
Skeletal system
Storage of minerals
Which of the following are the principal organs of the skeletal system?
Tendons ligaments bones
Which of the following is a true statement about the digestive system?
The human digestive system can digest and absorb foods from plants,animals,fungi and bacteria.
Physiology
The study of how cells and other body structures function
anatomy
The study of study of cells and other body structures
Self-contained, living structures that have similar characteristics and function, join together to form _____________________
Tissues
Reproduction system
To produce children
What is the main function of the reproduction system?
To produce children
Cardiovascular system
Transports nutrients waste, gases and hormones throughout the body
Molecules can contain the same or different elements
True
Element
Type of atom that cannot be divided into a simpler compound
What is generally an unpleasant experience but helpful because it prevents toxic substances from entering the small intestine?
Vomiting
Solute
a substance that dissolves in a solvent
Jejunum
absorption of nutrients occurs in the upper part
The mixture of gastric juices of gastric juices and partially digested food formed in the stomach is called__________________
chyme
Electrolytes
ions that conduct electricity when dissolved in water
When an atom loses an electron, it becomes an ion with a ____________charge
positive
Endocrine system
regulates metabolism though the action of hormones
Solvent
the substance in which the solute dissolves