Nutrition ch.6 100

Protein synthesis is directed by the ______ in the nucleus of the cell.

DNA

Legumes are in which two USDA MyPlate groups?

Proteins and Vegetables

When the amine group is removed, the carbon-containing component of amino acids can be ___.

used for energy

Consistently eating too many high-protein foods can lead to a higher risk for __________.

heart disease, kidney problems, and calcium loss from bones

An example of complemented proteins is ___.

hummus prepared with chickpeas and sesame seeds

A protein that acts as a hormone is __________.

insulin

The primary organ responsible for excreting nitrogen-containing waste is the ___.

kidneys

The organ that determines what happens to the amino acids after they enter the bloodstream is the ___.

liver

Protein bars, compared to a peanut butter sandwich, are most likely to be __________.

more expensive plus higher in saturated fat and sugar

All amino acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and ___.

nitrogen

A vegetarian diet may be low in __________.

omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins B12 and D

The chemical bonds that connect amino acids are called __________.

peptide bonds

Growing children and adolescents are in ___.

positive nitrogen balance

A medical condition that is a genetic defect caused by a change in the amino acid sequence is __________.

sickle cell anemia

Proteins are digested by enzymes in the __________.

stomach and small intestine

The recommended daily protein intake for a healthy adult weighing 165 pounds is __________ grams.

60

What is a benefit of consuming soy foods?

Soy foods provide high-quality protein.

Substances that speed up reactions without being changed or used up are ___.

catalysts

The quality of a protein is determined by the ____________.

digestibility of the protein and the types and amounts of amino acids

Amino acids that the body can never synthesize are called ___.

essential amino acids