Nutrition Chapter 10

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is best characterized by:

plenty of fruits, vegetables & whole grains, with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods.

What is the role of water in regulating body temperature?

-changes temperature slowly, helping to maintain body temperature. -When body temperature rises, sweat is produced; this evaporates to cool the body. -Low body temperature causes restricted blood flow to the skin to conserve body heat.

Good sources of potassium include:

-tomatoes. -bananas. -potatoes.

In the United States, the typical diet is high in _______ and low in ________.

...

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

1-2%

Kevin lost 3 pounds during his workout. He should consume a minimum of ________ liters of liquid to replace lost fluid.

1.5

acts to increase blood pressure

Angiotensin II

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Antidiuretic hormone

-can cause sudden heart failure. -can occur in anorexia nervosa. -can disturb acid base balance.

electrolyte imbalance

Sodium, chloride, and potassium in cells and body fluids are examples of:

electrolytes

Most body water comes from:

fluids we drink

The DASH diet is:

high in potassium, calcium and magnesium while low in sodium

Diets high in sodium have been linked to _____________ in some people.

hypertension

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

intracellular fluid.

The function of synovial fluid is to:

lubricate joints.

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

Sodium & potassium

What describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

Sodium is primarily extracellular; potassium is primarily intracellular.

If a person is dehydrated, what physical symptom will be observed?

Urine color would become darker

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

added to food during processing and manufacturing.

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys is:

aldosterone

The role of water in urine is:

as a transport medium.

When table salt is dissolved in water, the sodium and chloride ions:

dissociation

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

slightly basic

are readily absorbed in the intestine

sodium, chloride and potassium from the diet