Nutrition Chapters 10,11,12,13

For maximum benefits, cardio respiratory endurance episode should be sustained for at least

A. 20 minutes

The type of activity that relates to endurance and cardiovascular fitness is termed__.

A. Aerobic

What mistake did Todd make when eating the cheeseburgers and shake?

A. Allowing negative emotions to reduce self control

Which substance is promoted for quick weight loss by stimulating secretion of human growth hormone?

A. Arginine

__ has been falsely claimed to increase the use of fatty acids and spare glycogen during exercise.

A. Carnitine

The enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) ____.

A. Determines the rate at which adipose cells store fat

The protein RDA for adults is__g/kg/day but up to__g/kg/day as Recommended for athletes.

D. 0.8; 1.7

What is Jill's target heart rate if she wants to work out at 50 to 65% of her maximum heart rate?

D. 94 to 122 bpm

Which statement correctly identifies a specific food intake behavior?

D. A desire to eat without feelings of hunger is called appetite

At what point during a moderate intensity workout does the body start to rely less on glycogen and more on fat for fuel?

D. After 20 minutes

Who probably expended the most calories during her or his workout?

D. Boris, who weighs 200 pounds and walked 3 miles in 1 hour

Which of these foods did Todd have to severely limit while he was on the Atkins diet?

D. Brown Rice

__Is a technique that can track the body into storing extra fuel for endurance competition.

D. Carbohydrates loading

The effect of regular exercise on heart and lung function is known as

D. Cardiorespiratory conditioning

__Refers to the length of time that you can keep going with an elevated heart rate that is, how long your heart can endure a given demand.

D. Cardiovascular endurance

What lifestyle or health characteristic was seen in pre-agricultural hunters gatherers that is not seen in modern humans?

D. Daily physical exertion was necessary for survival

Which individual is most likely to succeed in his/her goal of losing weight?

D. Dan, who is happily married and likes his job

What would be the best way for the parents to approach Kelly about this problem?

D. Enlist the help of a reputable counselor before intervening

Excess calories no matter whether the calories are from hamburgers or carrot sticks will be turned to _ within a few hours

D. Fat

What nutrient is not recommended for an athlete to eat right before physical exertion because it slows down digestion?

D. Fiber

Ordinarily, the brain and nerves rely on ____ for energy.

D. Glucose

Which phrase best describes a very low calorie diet?

D. It requires medical supervision

Which of the following is an example of a resistance training activity that John could do?

D. Lifting free weights

______ is the most valid criterion by which to judge the effectiveness of a diet.

D. Maintenance of weigh lost afterwards.

A likely result of exercising vigorously for an hour and hot, humid weather without drinking any fluid is__

D. Muscle cramping and fatigue

It is pizza night at the Murphy home and everyone has an opinion about what they should get as a topping on the pizza. Which choice best support the Murphy's and their goal of maintaining healthy weight?

D. Mushrooms and onions

Nancy wants to prevent her daughter Andrea from developing disordered eating patterns as she grows up. What should Nancy do?

D. Teach Andrea to eat only when she is hungry and stop when she feels full.

When jill is jogging, which characteristic determines whether this activity is aerobic or anaerobic?

D. The quantity of oxygen in her muscles

What is not one of the benefits that regular physical activity provides to a weight-management program?

D. decreased lean body mass

Which would be an appropriate reward for meeting weight loss goals?

D. go to a theatre with friends to see a show

If a dancer and a typist are the same height and have the exact same body build, the dancer will be heavier because she has ____.

D. more muscle mass

To improve cardiovascular fitness, the ACSM recommends that an individual exercise continuously for __ at least five times a week.

E. 30-60 minutes

If Tim eats enough to provide an extra 500 cal per day above his energy needs, how long will it take him to gain about 5 pounds of body fat?

E. 5 weeks

The _____ refers to the energy needed by the body to support the involuntary processes such as beating of the heart, inhaling and exhaling of air, and maintenance of body temperature.

E. Basal Metabolic Rate

The member of the treatment team working with a person who has anorexia nervosa would be most focused on proper nutrition is the__.

E. Dietician

Twins raised by adoptive parents tend to have body shape similar to their biological parents. This supports which theory of obesity?

E. Genetics

Kelly visits her pediatrician and he notes several symptoms. Which of these symptoms is unlikely to be due to anorexia nervosa?

B. Intolerance of warm temperatures

What helps keep the body from consuming it's vital tissues for energy in a prolonged diet or starvation?

B. Ketosis

The ob gene produces a hormone called ____ that tells the body to stop eating when it is released from fat cells.

B. Leptin

B. The more fit a muscle is, the __ it can burn for energy when oxygen is present

B. More fat

The strength of a muscle is most accurately reflected in the__?

B. Muscles ability to work against resistance

Stan sweats profusely when he works out at his college's weight room, even though the facility is always very cool inside. Why is this?

B. Stan is working muscles give off a lot of heat, which must be released

Todd is trying to evaluate his new weight loss program. Which of the following would indicate that the diet plan offered by the program is helpful and beneficial?

B. The weight-loss program promises a weight loss of about 0.5 to 2. 0 pounds per week

Which statement best describes athletes who eat well balanced diets?

B. These athletes are less likely than sedentary people to need vitamin mineral supplements because they eat more food.

A person wishing to develop larger muscle should__.

B. Train the muscles more

Ketosis occurs when ____.

C. Glycogen has been depleted and body fat is used to nourish the brain

Research and obese people seems to show that there is less susceptibility to health problems provided that the excess body fat is distributed around the__?

C. Hips and thighs

The physiological need to eat is __

C. Hunger

The mineral__is a key component of the body's oxygen transporting system.

C. Iron

Mary wants to lose weight in her thighs and stomach only. What should you tell her about weight loss and spot reducing?

C. It is not possible

Jonathan is on his school's cross country ski team. He finds out his weight drops about 1 pound after skiing for a few hours what accounts for this difference?

C. Jonathan has lost about 2 cups of fluid

Trends that promote obesity in the United States include the ____.

C. Large amounts of time children spend watching TV or playing video games

2 pounds of body fat is equal to approximately__calories

7,500

Ted changed his eating habits to lose weight two months ago. Yesterday, he bought a gallon of cherry ice cream because it was on sale and he needed a dessert to take to a family party next week, but then couldn't resist eating two bowls of it last night. Ted is very upset that he has blown it and reverted to his former over eating what should he do now?

A. Forgive himself and avoid keeping ice cream in his freezer overnight in the future

__ Is a good procedure that involves stapling the stomach close near the top leaving only small pouch that is connected directly to the jejunum (middle section of the small intestine).

A. Gastric bypass

What is the body's primary fuel's used during exercise?

A. Glucose and fatty acids

__Refers to in muscles increase in size.

A. Hypertrophy

The two factors most responsible for the epidemic of obesity our__.

A. Physical inactivity and excess calorie intake

Mary is looking at the menu trying to decide what to order. She is mindful of her weight, and wants to make a healthful selection. Which item would be the best choice?

A. Rotisserie chicken and mashed sweet potatoes

Sharon weighs 145 pounds and has tried to lose 15 pounds since 10th grade. She loses the weight without too much effort but then over the next few months she returns to her original weight. This would support which obesity theory?

A. Set-point

The _______ theory claims that the body tends to maintain a certain weight by means of its own internal controls.

A. Set-point

Kyle wants to improve his fitness and drops a few extra pounds. Most important thing Kyle can do to achieve these goals is to__

A. Start a daily or weekly exercise routine and stick to it consistently

Which statement best describes animo acid supplements?

A. Your body cannot store them so any excess will be converted into fat.

Repeatedly losing and regaining weight without engaging in regular weight-bearing exercise is unhealthy primarily because ____.

A. this can change the body composition

If Todd starting weight was 240 pounds, what would have been healthy and realistic goal weight in six months?

B. 216 pounds

A muscle will__when a person stops using a muscle for a period of time due to injury, illness, or neglect.

B. Atrophy

A measurement that correlates strongly with body fat content but does not identify the location of body fat is__.

B. Body mass index

__Has the greatest impact on long-term health.

B. Cardiovascular endurance

Bulimia nervosa may be best described as

B. Compulsive consumption of food followed by purging

The clerk recommends John purchase creatine. Which statement describes a false claim attributed to the substance?

B. Creatine increases performance in long, endurance type events

They trained muscle is better equipped to use__for energy and can conserve its__supply for a long period of time.

B. Fat; glycogen

What advice would you offer to Todd?

C. "Set achievable goals for yourself"

Mimi, who weighs 190 pounds, is trying to figure out a reasonable daily calorie level that will help her lose weight. You suggest she apply the "10-calorie rule," which would mean she should aim for ____ calories a day to begin with, and switch to ____ calories a day after she loses 10 pounds.

C. 1,900; 1,800

Mary is trying to lose weight and realizes that if she reduces her calorie intake by only 200 cal per day below her energy needs, she will lose about__pounds in one year.

C. 20

Obesity is defined as weight that is ____ or more above the desirable weight for height or a BMI of ____ or greater.

C. 20;30

On average, a man is considered obese if he has over _____ percent body fat.

C. 25

Stephanie goes to a personal trainer who tells her she is overweight based on her BMI. Which BMI represents a value that would be categorized as overweight?

C. 26

A high risk of weight related health problems is seen and women who his waist circumference begins to exceed__.

C. 35 inches

Tom runs for his school's track team. He weighed himself before and after his race and he found he had lost 2 pounds. Approximately how much water loss does this represent?

C. 4 cups

Joe is 50 years old and wants to calculate his target heart rate. What would be the lower and upper limits of Joe's target heart rate?

C. 85-145 bpm

Which athlete would most likely be at risk for an iron deficiency?

C. A 19-year-old female long-distance runner

How can a health professional usually distinguish between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

C. Anorexia nerves leads to an emaciated look, while bulimics may be at their desirable weight

Vitamin__is important for college information to ensure joint integrity.

C. C

The person who wishes to gain weight often has to__?

C. Eat more frequently

Which component of fitness has Jill lost if she cannot touch her toes?

C. Flexibility

Gerald has restricted his calorie intake while consuming to exercise, and has been losing 1.5 pounds per week. However, when he weighs himself at the end of week four, he notices he has not lost any weight since last week. What does this likely mean?

C. Geralds body is retaining water temporarily as part of the fat burning process

When a marathon runner experiences the phenomenon known as "hitting the wall," what nutrient is most likely depleted?

C. Glucose

Lucy and Marcy are sorority sisters whose height weight and age are almost exactly the same. Lucy is studying engineering and walk several times a week for exercise. Marcy is an exercise physiology major who aspires to be a professional tennis player and runs marathons as a hobby. how would you expect their healthful diets to differ?

C. Marcy needs more calories and carbohydrates than Lucy

__Is removed and excreted in the urine when excess amino acids are converted to fat.

C. Nitrogen

What is a feature of the basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

C. Pregnancy increases the BMR

Which of the following does not decrease basil metabolic rate?

C. Smoking

Adding about 50 mg of ____ per cup of a beverage is thought to enhance water absorption from the GI tract.

C. Sodium

__Is not true iron deficiency anemia and is related to increased blood volume.

C. Sports anemia

The clerk suggest that John look into anabolic steroids to give him the quickest results. What would you say to John about this?

C. Steroids can lead to liver abnormalities

Muscles respond to the overload of exercise by gaining__

C. Strength and endurance

The __ is the heart rate a person must work at to achieve cardiovascular fitness.

C. Target heart rate

Kelly's parents suspect she is purging as a means of maintaining her weight. What complication may occur as a result?

C. Tearing of the esophagus

Among popular diet plans, which have been mentioned as a good option in recent research because of its food variety and evidence-based principles?

C. Weight watchers

The "rule of three" recommends that ____.

C. if you want to change a behavior, you might need to try the behavior three times before you can accept it.

Among the following groups, which has the highest metabolic rate?

C. younger individuals