Nutrition Exam #1

The primary site of triglyceride digestion and absorption is the

small intestine

Used bile salts are absorbed in the ______. After being absorbed, the used bile salts enter the _____. The organ recycles the bile salts to make new _____

Small intestine liver bile

Polyunsaturated Fat

Soybean oil fatty fish

Nutritive sweetener

Sugar Corn syrup fructose sorbitol dextrose

Paulina would like to increase her intake of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). which of the following foods is the best source of EPA and DHA?

Tuna

An older adult who takes medication to reduce stomach acid develops a form of anemia and difficulty walking, because he cannot absorb this vitamin

Vitamin B-12

Megaloblastic anemia and paralysis

Vitamin B-12

A person develops kidney stones after taking megadose of this vitamin

Vitamin C

The major type of diabetes is characterized by ______

insulin resistance

Danielle wants to add a small amount of an acidic solution to milk to make buttermilk which of the following foods should she adds

lemon juice

Pancreatic ____ digest fats by removing _____from triglyceride molecules.

lipase fatty acids

If _____ is present in chime, it can interfere with the recycling of used bile salts. As a result, the used bile salts are ______ in _______.

soluble fiber eliminated feces

Approximately 5% of diabetes causes are ______ formally called

type 1 diabetes juvenile diabetes

The majority of Americans with diabetes have_____, formerly called _____

type 2 diabetes adult-onset diabetes

According to information on a package label, an English muffin supplies 2% of the DV for total fat.

16

The daily value for protein is 5.0 g. According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a package of sardiene, each serving provides 32% of the daily value for protein. One serving of the fish supplies ______ g protein.

16

Sierra consumes an average of 2400 kcal/day. she would like to follow the recommendation concerning intake of added sugars that is highlighted in guidelines. Based on this information. Sierra should limit her added sugar intake to less then ________ kcal/day.

240

An Italian Liquor is 56 proof. According to this information, the liquor is _____% alcohol by volume.

28

Foods differ in their protein quality, A complete protein provides adequate amounts of all essential amino acids. an incomplete protein lacks adequate amounts of one or more of the essential amino acids. Which of the following foods contains in complete protein?

A handful of proteins

Amino acids have nitrogen-containing components as part of their chemical makeup, When amino acids are deaminated, the nitrogen-containing component is removed and converted into ammonia. what happens to ammonia?

Ammonia is converted to urea and excreted in the urine

Amino acids have a nitrogen-containing component as part of their chemical makeup. when amino acids are deaminated the nitrogen-containing component is removed and converted into anemia. what happens to the anemia?

Ammonia is converted to urea and execrated in the urine

High pressure inside the large intestine during bowel movements can cause small pouches called ____ to protrude through the intestinal wall.

Diverticula

According to his physician Ryan has iron-deficiency anemia. The doctor recommended he eat iron fortified cereal daily. which of the following foods or beverages would be the best accompaniment for an iron-fortified cereal and why?

He should have a cup of orange juice with the iron-fortified cereal because vitamin C in orange juice increases iron absorption

When you eat such foods, the ______ secreted by your ______ releases the vitamin form its bound state

Hydrochloric acid stomach

The ____ produces _____ which is stored in the gallbladder. Bile aids in lipid digestion and absorption by ____ lipids.

liver bile emulsifying

Ryan's grandfather told him that when he was growing up a "milkman" would deliver glass bottles of milk to his family's doorstep. Today, milk is not usually available in glass bottles. Ryan explains to him that light destroys the _____ in milk, so milk is not stored in opaque containers to help preserve the vitamin.

riboflavin

B vitamins function as

coenzymes

As a result of having ulcerative colitis, she has an increased risk of

colon cancer

A low-fiber diet can contribute to infrequent bowel movements, which is a condition called

constipation

Compared to a traditional diet that is based on animal foods a vegan diet is higher in

dietary fiber

Compared to a traditional diet that is based on animal foods, a vegan diet is higher in

dietary fiber

When these pouches are painfully inflamed, the condition is known as

diverticulitis

Hyperglycemia

excessive thirst and urination, beta cells that do not produce insulin, a blood glucose level of 325

people who diabetes or are trying to lose excess body fat should rely on MyPlate because it is more appropriate for menu plate

false

the recommended dietary allowance for each nutrient is the same value as the nutrients requirement

false

if a person's diet does not provide adequate carbohydrates to meet immediate energy needs the body compensates. Insufficient dietary carbohydrates can lead to elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood. Ketone bodies form.

fat

The vitamin B-12 complex undergoes absorption in your _______

ileum

When cooking, people should avoid adding large amounts of miso to food because it

is high in sodium

What happens to your daily value for cholesterol when you eat more calories?

it stays the same

Digestible carbohydrates

Amylopectin glycogen

Saturated Fat

Beef Butter

In food, vitamin B-12 is naturally bond to

animal protein

Foods differ in protein quality. A complete protein provides adequate amounts of all essential amino acids. an incomplete protein lacks adequate amounts of one or more essential amino acids. Which of the following foods contains incomplete protein?

A handful of peanuts

Contains provitamins A carotenoids

Carrots Spinach Winter squash Sweet Potatoes mangos

Nondigestible carbohydrates

Cellulose gums pectin mucilages

There are _____ grams of unsaturated fat in each serving of these crackers?

3.0

Each serving of these crackers provides 120 calories (kcal) and 0.5 grams of saturated fat. What percentage of calories comes saturated fat?

3.75%

nonnutritive sweeteners

sucralose & Acesulfame-K

Each serving of these crackers provides 120 calories (kcal) and 3.5 grams of fat. what percentages of calories from fat?

26%

Poor wound healing, bleeding gums, and bruises

Vitamin C

The adult RDA for protein is ______ g/kg of body weight

0.8

The Daily Value for cholesterol is 300 mg. According to the label on the package, a serving of cheese contributes 5% of the DV for cholesterol. Based on this information, a serving of cheese provides ___ mg of cholesterol.

15

Which of the following foods or dietary factors may be associated with an increased risk of cancer

Alcoholic beverages Genetically modified foods (GMOs) Processed meat

Which type of tumor is not considered to be cancerous the tumor cells do not metastasize or destroys nearby tissues

Benign

To improve their nutritional value, milled grains that undergo ______ have had specified amounts of _____, ______, ______, and ______ and the mineral iron added to them.

Enrichment thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid

A person experiencing constipation consider adding more ______ to his or her diet

Fiber

Known CVD risk factor

HDL cholesterol = 31mg/dL Elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels Smoking Inactivity

Chylomicrons, type of _____, first transport lipids through the _____ system and then into the bloodstream so cell can utilize them.

Lipoprotein lymphatic

When foods are _____ essential nutrients may be removed as a result

Refined

A young man who consumes only fruit to lose weight develops fatigue, depression, and edema in his lower legs because he lacks this vitamin

Thiamin

Weakness poor appetite and poor muscular coordination

Thiamin

In overweight or obese people, excess insulin, estrogen, and testosterone levels may stimulate the production of cell factors that promote malignant cell develop and growth

True

A young woman develops difficulty walking after taking megadoses of this vitamin to treat PMS

Vitamin B-

Hypoglycemia

blood glucose level of 60, result of excess insulin, blood level of epinephrine increases, feeling shaky hungry sweaty and irritable.

Other processed foods can be ____ with varying amounts of any vitamin or mineral.

fortified

In human diets the most important monosaccharides are

fructose, galactose, and glucose

The type that may occur during pregnancy is called ______. women who have this condition are at increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes after giving birth.

gestational diabetes

if excessive straining occurs during defecation, the anal veins can swell, causing inflamed

hemorrhoids

The less common form of diabetes is an autoimmune disease that results in ______

no insulin production

In the United States newborns are routinely screened for PKU, PKU is a disease characterized by the body's inability to metabolize

phenylalanine

Not a Known CVD risk factor

total blood cholesterol = 176 mg/d total cholesterol; HDL cholesterol ratio=3:1 Blood triglyceride levels of 130mg/dl

Cholesterol is classified as a major kind of lipid: lipoproteins are not classified as a major kind of lipid.

true

For the men who smoke. The recommended dietary allowance for vitamin C is 90mg/day.

true

Gut microbiota transplantation may be a form of treatment for certain digestive tract disorders

true

People who have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are more likely to develop colorectal cancer than people who do not have the

true

While in your _______, vitamin B-12 binds to _______ forming a vitamin complex

Duodenum intrinsic factor

Poor appetite weakness, dermatitis, and abnormal mental functioning

Niacin

In the United States, A BAC of _______% is the legal limit for automobile drivers who are 21 years or older.

0.08

In the United States, a BAC of _____% is the legal limit for automobile drivers who are 21 years or older

0.08

When there is a lack of recycled bile salts, the _____ uses _____ from the bloodstream to make new ______.

Liver Cholesterol bile

Contains performed vitamin A

Liver Fish Liver Cells Eggs

Reformed ____ transport the end products of digestion to the edge of _____ cells.

Micelles absorptive

Alicia and Amber are best friends who are the same age, weight, and height. However Amber requires more vitamin D than Alicia. This is an example of

Nutrigenetics

A scientist has difficulty creating a diet of naturally-occurring foods that is deficient in this nutrient

Pantothenic acid

Weakness inflammation of the mouth and tongue and cracked skin at the corners of the mouth

Riboflavin

Some dietary fat helps the body absorb fat-soluble nutrients, including the provitamin beta-carotene. Most fruits and vegetables that are good sources of beta-carotene are low in fat or fat-free. How can you enhance the body's absorption of beta-carotene when preparing low-fat foods that contain this provitamin?

You can add olive oil or margarine to vegetables after they are cooked

When a person eats more protein than his or her body needs, the extra protein is

converted to glucose or fat

Melanie has chronic constipation. Which of the following recommendations is NOT an effective way of alleviating constipation?

Ignoring normal urges to defecate, which "trans" the bowl to eliminate feces it is most convenient

Monounsaturated Fat

Olive oil peanut oil

To be classified as a vitamin, a compound must generally meet certain criteria

The body requires the substance for maintaining good health Absence of the compound from the diet for a defined period produces deficiency symptoms that if caught in time, are quickly cured when the substance is resupplied

After a particularly strenuous workout at the gym. Jaime purchased an electrolyte-replacement drink. according to the nut facts panel each 8 Oz serving of the drink supplies 80kcal. Jamie was so thirsty he drank the entire contents of the bottle. how many kcal of this consume?

320 kilocalories

The Daily Value for saturated fat is 20 grams. According to the label on the package, a serving of chocolate candy contributes 30% of the DV for saturated fat. Based on this information, a serving of the candy provides _____ grams saturated fat.

6

What are the main sources of added sugars in Americans diets?

Desserts and snacks with added sugars, and sugar sweetened beverages