Nutrition Exam 1 (final practice)
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, healthy people should limit their sodium intake to ________ mg/day.
2300
A serving of food supplies 244 kcal from protein. Based on this information, how many grams of protein are in the serving?
61
Benton usually consumes 2100 kcal/day. He wants to meet the AMDR for carbohydrate intake (45-65% of total kcal). Based on this information, his acceptable range of intake for carbohydrates is ________ kcal/day.
945-1365
Which of the following statements is true? (53)
A food cannot be labeled "organic" unless it meets certain government standards.
Which of the following statements is true? (10)
A person with a PhD who promotes drinking vinegar as the cure for lung cancer is practicing quackery.
Which of the following statements is true?(70)
A scientist's professional affiliations and sources of financial support may influence his or her research findings.
Which of the following statements is true? (17)
Organic milk is from cows that are not given hormones to increase milk production or antibiotics.
Which of the following statements is true? (21)
Probiotics are beneficial bacteria that live in the human large intestine.
Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy for human cells?
Protein
A popular fitness magazine has an article about the health benefits of high-fiber diets. If the article's author has the credentials ________ after his or her name, the article is likely to be a reliable source of nutrition information.
RDN
Which of the following statements is true? (46)
Scientific studies that are designed to investigate the same question can have different findings.
Which of the following behaviors is a known risk factor for heart disease?
Smoking cigarettes
Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense per serving?
Soy milk
Which of the following foods is a rich source of prebiotics?
Soybeans
Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States?
Stroke
Which of the following statements is true? (52)
The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution often protects people who spread nutrition misinformation.
Which of the following statements is true? (11)
The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake.
Which of the following physiological changes is a result of catabolic chemical reactions?
Weight loss as a result of starvation
William takes garlic pills to lower his blood cholesterol level, and he recommends the pills to his friends, because he thinks the supplement is helpful. William's nutrition-related advice to his friends is an example of a(an) ________.
anecdote
The ________ of a food describes the extent to which the body is able to absorb the nutrients from the food and use them.
bioavailability
The back (rear) portion of your tongue is very sensitive to foods that taste ________.
bitter
Which of the following substances has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water?
blood
According to one of the selected messages of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, ________ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible while following a healthy diet.
cholesterol
Having a control group enables researchers to ________.
compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group
According to the observations of a nutrition scientist, laboratory mice are healthier when their diet contains physiological levels of vitamin D than when their diet lacks the micronutrient. The scientist hypothesizes that mice will be less likely to develop cancer when they consume a diet that supplies megadoses of vitamin D. Based on this information, the scientist is ready to ________.
conduct a controlled laboratory experiment to test the vitamin D and cancer hypothesis in mice
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For five years, Michael ate only plant foods. He recently developed numbness in his feet and a sore swollen tongue. A few days after he added eggs and milk to his diet, his tongue healed and the numbness in his feet stopped bothering him. Based on this information, Michael probably ________.
developed a nutrient deficiency disorder that was cured by the eating animal foods
Lynne wants to estimate the grams of carbohydrate in a sugar-sweetened soft drink that supplies 200 kcal/serving. The soft drink contains no fiber, protein, fat, and alcohol. To obtain this value, she should ________.
divide the number of kcal by 4
Chyme moves from the stomach into the ________.
duodenum
Food guides generally do not group ________ with dairy foods.
eggs
An ________ is an ion that can conduct electricity.
electrolyte
A group of scientists would like to determine lifestyle factors that are associated with the development of asthma among American children. Based on this information, the researchers should design a(an) ________ study.
epidemiological
Today, the only food Meghan ate was a casserole that contained 24 ounces of lemon-flavored yogurt, 16 ounces of cooked turkey, and 10 ounces of cooked noodles. According to MyPlate, she ate nothing from the food group that includes
fruit.
The Tolerable Upper Intake Level for a nutrient is the
highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily.
The main nutrition-related goal of Healthy People 2030 is to ________.
improve health by promoting healthy eating and making nutritious foods available
________ is a mineral nutrient.
iron
According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, adults should limit their intake of added sugars to
less than 10% of daily calories.
Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to ________ while he has this illness.
lose weight rapidly
A group of registered dietitian nutritionists is planning to conduct a scientific study to investigate the effects of eating honey on school-age children's behavior. At first, the researchers will ________.
make observations
The process of digesting food begins in the ________.
mouth
An essential nutrient ________. Multiple Choice
must be supplied by the diet
The brain and spinal cord are structures of the ________ system.
nervous
An ________ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions.
organ
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Over a 4-year period, a team of scientists records the eating behaviors and physical activity patterns of a group of healthy 8-year-old children to determine whether these factors are associated with excessive weight gain. This study is an example of a(an) ________ study.
prospective
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Which of the following statements is true? (71)
An essential nutrient must be supplied by the diet.
Which of the following nutrients is made by gut microbiota?
Biotin
Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system? Multi
Brain
Which of the following foods is the most energy dense per serving?
Chocolate chip cookie
Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices?
Close friends
Which of the following statements is true? (50)
Consumers can report negative health reports that may have resulted from their use of dietary supplements to the FDA.
Which of the following statements is true? (42)
Disclaimers are clues that a product may not meet your expectations or the manufacturer's claims.
Which of the following physiological changes is a result of anabolic chemical reactions?
Enlargement of muscle tissue after 3 weeks of regular exercise
Which of the following recommendations supports one of the overarching guidelines of the Dietary Guidelines?
Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount of food
Which of the following statements about fruits and/or vegetables is false?
Fruit juices provide more fiber than whole fruit.
________ can be classified as a dietary supplement.
Ginkgo biloba
Dorrie wants to eat a food that is a good source of fiber and phytochemicals. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend?
Green beans
Which of the following statements is true? (60)
Growing conditions, such as the use of fertilizers, can influence the amount of nutrients in crops.
Which of the following substances is secreted by the human stomach?
Hydrochloric acid
Which of the following statements is true? (12)
In some regions of the United States, the traditional African heritage diet may contain unhealthy amounts of sodium and solid fat.
Which of the following periodicals features peer-reviewed articles?
Journal of the American Medical Association
Which of the following statements is true? (44)
Matter is comprised of atoms.
You are planning a party for a group of college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the Jewish, Islamic, and Mormon religions. Which of the following menu items would be acceptable to everyone at the party?
Meatless bean dip
Which of the following statements is true?
Most enzymes have names that end with -ase.
Which of the following statements is true? (48)
Most foods are mixtures of nutrients.
Which of the following statements is true? (32)
Most naturally occurring foods contain more than one nutrient.
Which of the following statements is true? (27)
Nutrient deficiency diseases develop when diets lack essential nutrients.
Which of the following statements is true? (61)
Nutrients are life-sustaining substances in food.
The host of a radio program makes a "red flag" claim about a nutrition-related product, because the claim is generally an indication that the information about the product is unreliable. The radio program host said, ________.
"All ingredients in this product have been scientifically tested and clinically proven"
Jeannette wants to increase her intake of iron without taking a dietary supplement. When she shops for food, she reads Nutrition Facts labels. Which of the following kinds of information will help her choose foods that are the richest sources of iron?
%DVs
A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 ml water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies ________ kcal.
117
Bioengineering of food crops may result in better crop yields and more nutritious grains, fruits, and vegetables.
True
Eating a high-salt diet increases people's chances of developing high blood pressure. Thus, a diet that supplies excessive amounts of salt is a ________ for high blood pressure.
risk factor
During a television interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(an) ________.
scare tactic
Chyme is the ________.
semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach