Nutrition in Health : Chapter 1: Introduction to Nutrition

A calorie is such a small unit of measurement that energy in food is reported in 1000-calorie units called kilocalories or_____.

Calories

An essential nutrient must be supplied by food because_____.

The body does not make the nutrient. The body does not make enough of the nutrient to meet its needs.

How many calories are in a kilocalorie?

1,000

Choose examples of biological and physiological factors that influence food choices

Age Ability to perceive internal sensory information Ability to perceive external sensory information

Choose the nutrients that provide energy to the body.

Carbohydrate Protein Fat

What type of training has a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) completed?

College trained with extensive knowledge in foods and nutrition. Train in dietetics.

True or false: The FDA regulates dietary supplements as strictly as prescription medications

False

______ is a state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished.

Malnutrition

True or false: Making positive lifestyle changes can decrease a person's risk for premature death.

True

True or false: Your lifestyle may increase or reduce your chance of developing a chronic disease.

True

Choose the nutrients that do not provide energy to the body.

Vitamins Minerals Water

The relationship between food and mood is ______.

complex

The information we know about the relationship between diet and health is ______

constantly evolving

Calories are measured through a process known as ____.

direct calorimetry

The body gets nutrients from_______.

food

Your childhood experiences, cost, convenience, mood education, habits, beliefs, flavor, and media are all factors that influence your _____ choices.

food

A nutritionally balanced diet with nutrient-dense foods should_____ empty-calorie items.

limit

The body breaks food down into____,such as carbohydrates, fat, and protein.

nutrients

The Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994 states that

nutrients supplements and herbal products are classified as foods.

Lifestyle is a person's way of living that includes _____

physical activity habits dietary practices

True or false: There are certain foods that are considered perfect foods and should be eaten every day.

False

Currently, the FDA ____ regulate dietary supplements as strictly as a prescription medications.

does not

A substance, such as carbon and oxygen, that cannot be separated into simpler substances is a(n)___________.

element

The Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and herbal products as ______.

foods

Select the ways grocery stores market their products.

positioning on shelves selection of flooring material end of aisle displays

True or false: There are only a few factors that influence a person's eating practices.

False

Which of the following is NOT a way that manufacturing target consumers?

Organization of nutrition label information

True or false: A healthy diet can be achieved even with foods that are considered unhealthy as long as they are consumed in moderation.

True

True or false: The information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available.

True

A substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by ordinary chemical or physical means is called a(n)

element

A nutrient that cannot be made by the body and must be supplied by food is considered__________.

essential

Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are ______

heart disease cancer

Malnutrition is a state of health that occurs when the body is improperly

nourished

The substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits is called a _______

phytochemical

Water comprises about ______ of the body's total weight.

50 to 70%

By making certain dietary changes, such as decreasing fat intake, a person may______

lessen the severity of a disease. prevent or forestall the development of certain disease.

People who choose to _____ may reduce their chance of developing serous chronic diseases.

consume low-fat or fat-free dairy exercise regularly eat fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole-grain cereals

All of the following are macronutrients except_______

vitamins

A child that eats macaroni and cheese for lunch and then vomits 2 hours later learns to dislike macaroni and cheese even though the macaroni and cheese did not cause the vomiting. This is an example of _____ influencing food choices.

cognitive and psychological factors

Certain______disease can be cured by eating specific nutrients, but diet is just one aspect that influences health.

deficiency

A food that contains a large percentage of its calories from sugar, fat, and/or alcohol in relation to its content of micronutrients is considered a(n)

empty-calorie food

The leading cause of death is ______ and the second leading cause of death is ______.

heart disease; cancer

Where is the best place to receive expert advice on nutrition?

registered dietitian nutritionist

Which of the following are considered macronutrients?

Fats Carbohydrates Proteins

What a term for a compound made by plants but not considered a nutrient?

Phytochemical

Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?

Water

A _______ _______ is used when measuring caloric content of a food through direct calorimetry.

bomb calorimeter

The taste, smell, and texture of foods and the internal sensations of hunger and thirst are _____ factors that influence food selesctions.

biological and physiological