Nutrition module 2
But the adult Dietary Reference intake (DRI) for protein is __ gram per kilogram of body weight.
0.8 gram
Nine sustainable food environment changes:
1- Improve nutrition 2-expand nutrition knowledge 3-prepare whole fresh foods 4-make fresh produce available 5- increase fruits and veggies 6- security 7-seafood 8-smaller portions 9-activity plan
Eight topic specific nutritional areas:
1- energy balance and weight control 2- nutrient adequacy 3- limit saturated fatty acids(<7% of calories) and cholesterol 4-adequite protein and plant based 5-whole grain 6-reduce sodium 7- limit alcohol 8-food safety
The AMDR for protein is __ to __%
10 to 35 %
There are DRIs for:
14 vitamens; 15 minerals; carbs, fiber, essential fatty acids, protein; amino acids; EER; physical activity
Drvs are based on a ____ calorie diet for adults and children over____ years old and adults.
2,000 children
The AMDR for total fat is __ to __% of calories.
20 to 35 %
Nutrient dense for a particular nutrient, if the food provides at least __% of the RDI for that nutrient per serving.
20%
The AMDR for sugars is __% or less
25
reduced or less- must be used to indicate that _% less of a nutrient is present as compared to the original product.
25% less
The goal for saturated fatty acid intake is as low as possible. The DRV for total fat is __%percent of calories, while the DRV for saturated fat is __% of calories both on a 2000 calorie diet.
29% 9%
The AMDR for carbs is __ to __% of calories consumed in the diet
45 to 65 %
The DRV for protein is __ grams in a 2000 cal diet. Which provides __% of calories from protein.
50 grams; 12%
labeling has been mandated by law for the top #__ allergic foods.
8
The UL for _ vitamins, and __ minerals is included. The UL is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects for most individuals in the general population.
8 vitamins; 16 minerals.
How many exchange lists are there?
9
Ingredient
A component of a processed food product
Health Claims
A food must be provide 20% of the RDI per serving. careful phrasing is required. Example: *MAY* reduced the risk of osteoprosis.
Standards are used to prescribe and evaluate the distribuion of energy intake specifically for carbs, sugars, proteins, and fats.
AMDR
Standerds used to prescribe and evaluate the distribution of energy intake for carbs, proteins, and fats?
AMDR
simple sugars and syrups used as an ingredant in the preperation of processed foods or added sugars by an individual.
Added sugars
who created the exchange list?
American Diabetes Association in conjunction with the Academy of Nutritional and Diabetes.
Allergy
An immune medicated reaction usually to a protein component in food.
phytochemicals
Are non-essesntial chemical compound produced in plants; that provide a health benefit.
The RDIs are expressed as percentages on food labels and by law indicate nutrient density for vitamins __, __ as well as __ and calcium.
C, A
according to the MyPlate food guidance system what food is a starchy veggie?
Corn
sulfur is a component of two amino acids ____ AND ___ that make up protein.
Crysteine and Methionine
The nutrients required by law to be shown are proposed to change to vitamin __, calcium, ___, and potassium because those are currently the nutrient of greatest concern.
D, Iron
Cobalt, sulfur, and cholesterol, as well as nonessential dietary supplements do not have ___ leveles established for them
DRI
Cobalt, sulfur, and cholesterol, as well as nonessential dietary supplements do not have ___ levels established for them
DRI
Science based advice for americans to promote health and to reduce risk for major chronic diseases through diet and physical activity; updated every 5 years by the Department of Health and Human Services in conjunction with the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
Moderation society instructional messages for reduce the risks for diet related diseases
Dietary guidelines
for calories, the RDI is called the _ _ _
EER
Calories provided by solid fat and added sugars, neither of which are health promoting, an allowance is given based on calorie.
Empty calories
The average dietary amount of a nutrient that will maintain adequate function in half of the healthy people of a given age and gender group.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
calculated calorie level estimated to maintain energy balance and good health in a person of a given age, gender, weight, height, and level of physical activity, AKA: DRI for calories
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
Which is more precise tools? My plate or Exchange list?
Exchange list
True or False a refined grain product contains homocyesteine
FALSE
Which water soluble vitamin has the same DRI numerical value RDA for adult men and women and is also the same numerical value as the RDI?
Folate AKA: folic acid
the chemical composition of nutrients in foods, includes carbs, starch, fiber, sugars, fat, fatty acids, protein, and other bioactive substances such as phytochemicals, alcohol, and caffeine.
Food Composition
Statements approved by the food and drug administration (FDA) linking the nutrtion profile of a food to a reduced risk of a particuar disease or health realated condition.
Health claims
A lsit of the componunts of a processed food product givin in decending order by gram weight or volume.
Ingredient list
dietary sugars largely present include ____, ___ and fruitose.
Lactose and surcose
The proposed food package label changes require the ___ or ____ amounts of nutrient and the percent of Daily Value to be shown.
Millagram and Microgram
provides an individualized diet approach that considers age, gender, and PA level. It suggest a calorie intake level and then recommends a food pattern that will promote dietary calorie control, adequacy, moderation, variety, and balance.
My Plate
Dietary fats that are liquid at room temperature.
Oils
There is a DRI reccommendation for:
PA
Determining how an amount of food eaten quantifies as an equivalent amount from the My Plate food guidance system or the exchange lists system.
Pattering
What information item is not included on the food package label?
Percent of calories from fat
What MyPlate provides a good source of iron?
Protein foods
Moderate-fat food
Provides 25 to 35% of the calories from fat
Nutrition Facts Panel
Shows calories per serving, calories from fat per serving, also ingredints
a group of sterol compounds (chemically modified by the addtion of hydrogen adoms) that are found in plants and reduce the level of low density lipoproteins in blood and thus are heart healthy
Stanol esters
simple sugars that dont promote tooth decay, which may include any of the follong chemicals: xylitol, minnitol, lactitol, and erythritol.
Sugar alcohols
true or false: on the food package label, total fat is the sum of saturated, mono saturated, and polyunstaturated fatty acids.
TRUE
Compents of DRIs
The RDA, AL, UL, AMDR, and EER
Food label
The nutrition facts panel, which provides information according to law about the manufacturer, health claims , and allergic foods in that item.
The maximum dietary amount of a nutrient that can be condumed daily with little risks of illness; an intake at a higher level increases the risk of adverse health effects
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
True or false: The US department of Agriculture (USDA) maintains the database on food composition in the United States of America.
True
What MyPlate food group provides a good source of phytochemicals, vitamin C, and Beta-carotene
Veggies
During the 1980s, public health organizations shifted their focus from concerns about ___ and ____ deficiencies to the better management of _________.
Vitamin and minerals; Macronutrients.
The RDI values are set for the ____ and ____ that are essentail in human _____.
Vitamins and minerals; nutrition
Why are DRIs used for?
achieving good nutrition, evaluating the food supply, feeding the military, planning meals,
The DRIs are given for specific __, ___, ____, and conditions of _____, and ____.
age; groups; genders; pregnancy; laction.
Vitamin B12
cobolt
Daily Reference Values (DRVs)
daily values for fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, carbs fiber, protein, sodium, and potassium, bases on a 2,000 calorie diet.
tooth decay cavities
dental caries
5 grams of fat or less; 2 grams of saturated and trans fat or less; 95 millagrams or ess of cholesterol per 3.5 oz serving of meat
extra lean
Free- can only be used to refer to __, ______, ____, ___, or calories. Free means what?
fat, cholesterol, sodium, sugar. free means negligible amounts of fat, cholesterol, sodium, sugar, or calories present per serving.
Why are DRIs established? What are DRIs based off of?
for healthy people. body weight, and activity levels.
insignificant amounts of fat, choloesteral, sodium, sugar, or calories per serving in a food product
free
What of the following would reduce the risk of developing some cancers? dairy protein foods oild fruit
fruit
portion sizes in the exchange lists are based on ___ of carbs, proteins, and fats.
grams
a mineral that is added back to refined grain products
iron
Daily Values (DVs)
labels indicating the percent of Daily Reference Values (DRVs) and reference daily intakes (RDIs)
10 grams of fat or less; 4.5 grams of saturated and trans fat or less; 95 millagrams or less of cholesterol per 3.5 oz serving of meat
lean
140 miligrams or fewer of sodium per serving; 20 miliagrams or fewer of cholesterol per serving; 40 calories fewer per serving.
low
Allergic foods
milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, wheat and soy beans.
an icon identifying the portions of the major food groups to consume each day; calorie controlled, personalized food guidence system based on the age, gender, height, weight, and physica activity.
my plate
The name for the MyPlate healthy fat category
oils
Low-Fat food
provides less than 25% of the calories from fat.
High-fat foood
provides more than 35% of the calories from fat
The myplate veggie food group is rich in which nutrients?
provitamin A, and vitamin C
4 directives: reduce- shift- reduce- Be-
reduce calorie intake shift to a plant based food reduce sodium be active
Health benefits from veggies
reduce heart disease; heart attacks; high blood pressure; stroke; type 2 diabetes; cancer; Kidney stones
Health benefits of fruits:
reduce heart disease; heart attacks; high blood pressure; stroke; type 2 diabetes; cancers; kidney stones; obesity; bone loss
Health benefits from grains
reduce heart disease; high blood pressure; some cancers; type 2 diabetes; **NEURAL TUBE DEFECTS**
25% less of a nutrient is present as compared to the original food product; a food label must specifically state which nutrient is reduced (calories, fat, or sodium)
reduced
One of the exchange lists
starch
a group of chemically esterified phytosterol compounds found in plants that reduce the level of low density lipoproteins in blood and thus are heart healthy.
sterol esters
Sugar free means?
surcose free even though the product may contain other types of simple sugars.
Reference Daily Intakes (RDIs)
the highest level of the essential vitamins and minerals for men or women based on the 1968 reccommended dietary allowences (RDAs); values are expressed as percents for Vitamin A, C, Calcium, and Iron are required by law to be shown.
light or lite
there are 1/3 fewer calories per serving as compared to the original product. 1/2 the fat or sodium as compared to the original product.
what order is the ingredient list? and what is not required by law to say?
they are listed in descending order; not required to provide how much of each ingredient is present in the food just the proportion of that ingredient in realation to all others.
Labels as percent daily ____, except for ___, Sugars, ___ ____ _____, and potassium
values; protein; trans fatty acids
a myplate food group that provides a source of both protein and fiber
veggies
