Nutrition Unit 7

A high protein diet can increase __ loss in urine. -Calcium -Potassium -Amino acid -Sodium

Calcium

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of celiac disease? -Chronic diarrhea -Dizziness and memory loss -Weight loss -Dry skin -Abdominal bloating

Chronic diarrhea Weight loss Abdominal bloating

A(n) __ protein relates to food proteins that combine, the collective proteins supply a sufficient amount of all 9 essential amino acids.

Complementary

A diet high in animal sources is typically also high in: -Folate -Fat and cholesterol -Calcium -Carbohydrates

Fat and cholesterol

Which type of diet poses an increased risk for dehydration? -High protein -Low protein

High protein

What contributes to the increased risk of children having protein deficiency? -Higher energy needs -Low income -Smaller stomachs -Altered absorption -Higher protein needs

Higher energy needs Low income Smaller stomachs Higher protein needs

__ __ helps the proteins unravel to allow for pepsin to break apart the peptide bonds.

Hydrochloric acid

Which of the following elements are combined to make a protein? -Hydrogen -Nitrogen -Helium -Carbon -Selenium -Oxygen

Hydrogen Nitrogen Carbon Oxygen

Which of the following is a function of blood proteins? -Part of all cell membranes -Keeps skin soft -Primary energy source -Maintain fluid balance

Maintain fluid balance

__ proteins are a heart-healthy alternative to animal proteins because they contain no cholesterol and little saturated fat.

Vegetable

Sulfites are often: -Naturally found in foods -Added as a preservative -Used solely in beverages -Used in seasoning

Naturally found in foods Added as a preservative

In the United States, protein deficiency is... -Common -Present with high incomes -Uncommon

Uncommon

The components of the amino acid include... -Acid group -Amino group -A group -Protein group -Side group / R group

-Acid group -Amino group -Side group / R group

Match the nutrient with the appropriate plant-based food sources. -Essential amino acids : -Omega-3 acids : -Zinc :

-Essential amino acids : soybean products -Omega-3 acids : algae -Zinc : rice beverages

There are a total of __ nonessential amino acids that the body needs in order to function.

11

Which protein type lacks one or more of the essential amino acids? -High quality protein -Complete -Low quality protein -Incomplete

Low quality protein Incomplete

What food sources contain some of the most common allergenic proteins? -Peanuts -Wheat -Shellfish -Bananas

Peanuts Wheat Shellfish

What is a healthy adult's RDA for protein? - 1.0 g/lb of body weight - 1.0 g/kg of body weight - 0.8 g/kg of body weight - 2.0 g/kg of body weight

0.8 k/kg of body weight

Vegetarian diets are often __ in fat and energy than the Western diets.

Low

__ provides the coded instructions that arrange amino acids to making protein.

DNA

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) affects people whose diets lack: -Energy (kilocalories) -Lipids -Water -Protein

Energy (kilocalories) Protein

What is the name of compounds that speed up the chemical reactions?

Enzymes

Which of the following statements is true? -Eating protein above the recommended RDA will result in greater strength gains -Protein is necessary for proper growth and good health, so eating more will make you "extra" healthy -If your diet contains adequate amounts of protein, then eating more is not better

If your diet contains adequate amounts of protein, then eating more is not better

Excess protein is the first stripped of the __ portion before being metabolized.

Nitrogen

Which of the following elements is part of protein but not part of lipids or carbohydrates? -Nitrogen -Oxygen -Hydrogen -Carbon

Nitrogen

Allergens in food are typically __ that the body cannot digest.

Proteins

Amino acids are the building blocks of... -Minerals -Vitamins -Proteins -Lipids

Proteins

__ help regulate the acid-base balance in the blood. -Proteins -Carbohydrates -Lipids

Proteins

Which of the following are NOT used major sources of fuel for cells? -Proteins -Fats -Water -Carbohydrates

Proteins Water

Which of the following are complete sources of protein? -Quinoa -Eggs -Couscous -Soybeans -Milk

Quinoa Eggs Soybeans Milk

Which of the following would NOT be a high risk food for allergies? -Rice -Eggs -Soy -Shellfish -Milk

Rice

It is suggested that the higher protein diets may be effective for weight loss because protein contributes to __ more so than fat or carbohydrate.

Satiety

Which of the following vegetarian diets avoid red mean but consumes other animal foods, including fish, poultry, eggs, and dairy products? -Lactoovovegetarian -Lactovegetarian -Semivegetarian -Ovovegetarian

Semivegetarian

How do proteins contribute to acid-base balance of the blood? -Enhance formation of bicarbonate -Increase excretion of CO2 by the lungs -Serve as buffers that resist changes in pH

Serve as buffers that resist changes in pH

Daily nitrogen losses occur from: -Toxin exposure -Shedding skin -Finger nail growth -Energy production

Shedding skin Finger nail growth

What is the processes of protein digestion, from start to finish:

1. Digested proteins move from the stomach into the small intestine 2. Further digestion occurs as the pancreas secretes protein splitting enzymes 3. Final digestion occurs within absorptive cells 4. Amino acids enter the portal vein and travel to the liver

Match the type of protein with the most appropriate characteristic of the protein. -Collagen : -Keratin : -Contractile :

Collagen : Cartilage, ligament, and bone tissue Keratin : Hair, nails, and skin Contractile : Muscle movement

Animal proteins are a good source of all nine __ amino acids.

Essential

There are nine __ amino acids that cannot be produced by the body and must be consumed as part of our diet. -Nonessential -Essential

Essential

In order to spare protein for growth, repair, and maintenance of muscle tissue, an athlete's diet should supply enough calories from: -Water -Alcohol -Fat -Carbohydrates

Fat Carbohydrates

Which of the following foods are considered to have high-quality proteins? -Fish -Poultry -Grains -Fruit -Meat -Eggs

Fish Poultry Meat Eggs

Jana is considering becoming a vegetarian. Which of the following would not be a concern for deficiency? -B-12 -Calcium -Omega-3 fatty acids -Folic acid

Folic acid

Which of the following actions would help cut the cost of consuming protein on a regular basis while still meeting requirements? -Include more dairy products and eggs in meals -Use multiple animal sources within a meal -Combine an animal source with a plant source -Replace animal sources with fruits and vegetables

Include more dairy products and eggs in meals Combine an animal source with a plant source

Which of the following are advantages of a vegetarian diet? -Low Omega-3 fatty acids -Low Vitamin B-12 -Low saturated fat and cholesterol -High in Phytochemicals -High fiber

Low saturated fat and cholesterol High in Phytochemicals High fiber

Which of the following are potential deficiencies from following a vegetarian diet? -High magnesium and potassium -Low Vitamin D and riboflavin -High phytochemicals -Low iron and calcium

Low vitamin D and riboflavin Low iron and calcium

Absorptive cells secrete __ that aid in the splitting of polypeptide chains while in the small intestines.

Proteases

Amino acids are the end product of __ digestion. -Protein -Lipids -Carbohydrates -Alcohol

Protein

An allergic reaction occurs when a __ does not undergo digestion and the immune system cells identify the protein as a foreign substance. -Carbohydrate -Amino acid -Lipid -Protein

Protein

A dipeptide is formed when... -Two amino acid breakdown to form a peptide -Two polypeptides combine to form an amino acid chain -Two amino acids are linked together

Two amino acids are linked together

Protein-energy malnutrition is an example of: -Over nutrition -Under nutrition

Under nutrition

If cells make mistakes and connect wrong amino acids, they will produce abnormal proteins that can lead to: -Asthma -Acid reflux -Birth defects -Bone fractures

Birth defects

What will happen if the DNA code contains errors? -The individual will become obese -Birth defects -Abnormal proteins -Chronic health conditions

Birth defects Abnormal proteins Chronic health conditions

Which of the following cells do not contain protein? -Certain hormones, such as insulin and glucagon -Cells made with collagen -None, all cells contain some protein -Skin, blood and bone cells

None, all cells contain some protein

A __ __ does not involve the immune system but has negative side effects from consuming certain foods.

Food intolerance

Poor sources of protein include __. -Soy products -Chicken and fish -Fruits

Fruits

Which of the following is true about protein deficiency in the United States? -It is uncommon -It is prevalent -It is a widespread concern that the US government is concerned about

It is uncommon

The long term effects of protein malnutrition include all of the following EXCEPT: -Brain damage -Lower intelligence -Kidney damage -Stunted growth

Kidney damage

A(n) __ diet is a modified vegetarian diet that includes dairy products and eggs.

Lactoovovegetarian

What is the term for "milk" in reference to the type of vegetarian that consumes milk and milk products?

Lactovegetarian

What foods would be considered good sources of protein? -Nuts -Fruits -Beans

Nuts Beans

Which enzyme helps with protein digestion in the stomach? -Pepsin -Lipase -Maltase -Lactase

Pepsin

Match the term with its definition... Peptide Bond : Peptides : Polypeptides :

Peptide Bond : Chemical attraction that connects two amino acids together Peptides : Small chains of amino acids Polypeptides : proteins comprised of two or more amino acids

__ is another waste product of amino acid metabolism formed from ammonia.

Urea

Which of these foods will a vegan eat? -Vegetable oil -Ice cream -Tofu -Watermelon

Vegetable oil Tofu Watermelon

A person who relies heavily on plant foods and may or may not include some animals foods in their diet is considered a... -Fruitarian -Vegetarian -Lactoovovegetarian -Vegan

Vegetarian

A __ diet is best for getting high-quality protein because of the wide variety of foods available to contribute the nine essential amino acids. -High-fat -Mixed -Monotonous -Low-sodium

Mixed

Match eat term with the most appropriate definition. -Lactovegetarian : -Lactoovovegetarian : -Ovovegetarian :

Lactovegetarian : eats milk and milk products but no animal flesh or eggs Lactoovovegetarian : eats milk and milk products and eggs but no other animal foods Ovovegetarian : eats eggs but no other animal foods

What is the RDA of protein for a typical (70kg) man? -56 grams -46 grams -66 grams -76 grams

56 grams

A(n) __ disease is a chronic condition in which the immune system cells attack and destroy normal, healthy cells.

Autoimmune

During resistance exercise, proteins in the working muscles __ __.

Break down

A __ helps to maintain the pH of a solution.

Buffer

Diet containing gluten may be beneficial in which ways? -By improving immune function -By lowering blood pressure -By lowing cholesterol -By promoting weight loss -By stimulating growth of good bacteria

By improving immune function By lowering blood pressure By stimulating growth of good bacteria

__ is a group of related proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye.

Gluten

Children that are deficient in protein may become susceptible to: -Irritability -Dehydration -Infection -Weakness -Hearing Loss

Irritability Dehydration Infection Weakness

What is true about protein? -It is an organic molecule -It contains only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen -It is identical to lipids and carbohydrates -It contains nitrogen

It is an organic molecule It contains nitrogen

The __ remove urea from the bloodstream and eliminate it in the urine.

Kindeys

A(n) __ is part of a plant family with pods that contain a single row of seeds. Examples include: peanuts, garden peas, and lentils.

Legume

The human digestive system does not digest __ protein sources as efficiently as __ protein sources.

Low quality High quality

Which of the following are effective ways to increase muscle mass? -Maintain a nutritionally adequate diet -Consume amino acid supplements -Perform muscle-strengthening exercises -Eat large amounts of animal foods

Maintain a nutritionally adequate diet Perform muscle-strengthening exercises

An athlete's diet should supply enough calories from carbohydrate and fat in order to spare __ for growth, repair, and maintenance of muscle tissue. -Protein -Lipids -Vitamin E -Calcium

Protein

Muscle is mostly comprised of... -Protein -Water -Creatine -Vitamins

Protein Water

Proteins supplements are not recommended for healthy persons because supplements may: -Upset the body's ability to absorb other amino acids -Change how the body absorbs other fuel sources -Improve the body's ability to absorb other amino acids

Upset the body's ability to absorb other amino acids