Nutrition: Week 10
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN. The pharmacy is delayed in supplying the clients next container. What should the nurse hang until the next container arrives?
Dextrose 10% in water
If a person has no history of liver disease but does have a strong family history of cardiovascular disease, the person may help decrease the overall risk for chronic disease by
Drinking one or two servings of alcoholic beverages daily
If a client will be visiting an area where Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is endemic, the best way to prevent becoming infected is to?
Eat only cooked fruits and vegetables and drink only commercially bottled water.
If a patient with cirrhosis of the liver has a "soft" diet order, he or she probably has
Esophageal Varices
A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding nutrition. Which of the following is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids that the nurse should include in the teaching?
Fish
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving TPN. Which is a complication of the therapy?
Hyperglycemia
A nurse is reviewing the lab results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low cholesterol die?
I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has calcium oxalate kidney stones. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
I may eat a banana with my breakfast
If an obese postmenopausal woman who does not drink alcohol develops fatty liver disease and wants to avoid progression to cirrhosis or liver cancer, the best recommendation is to
Lose 1 to 2 lb per week
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a Vitamin B 12 deficiency. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to consume? Select all that apply.
Meat Eggs Milk
A nurse is reviewing a client health record that includes a report of abdominal obesity and laboratory findings of elevated blood glucose and elevated triglycerides. The findings meet the criteria of which of the following conditions?
Metabolic Syndrome
A nurse is caring for a client who has Crohn's disease and is receiving parenteral nutrition. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the care of this patient?
Monitor daily laboratory values and report as needed
The person at greatest risk for developing cirrhosis or liver cancer is a(n)
Older adult infected with Hep C Virus
A nurse is completing an admission assessment on an adolescent client who is a vegetarian. He eats milk products but does not like beans. Which of the following items should the nurse suggest the client order for lunch to provide the nutrients most likely to be lacking in his diet?
Peanut butter and jelly sandwich
A nurse is teaching a client about nutritional requirements necessary to promote wound healing. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse include in the teaching?
Protein
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has suspected HIV associated muscle wasting. Which of the following findings supports this diagnosis?
Report of fever for 30 days
A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child who has celiac disease. The nurse should include which of the following food choices for this child?
Rice
A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding nutrition. The teaching should state that which of the following groups of foods contain the highest level of carbs?
Rice, potatoes and oranges
A nurse is preparing a client for placement of a catheter for TPN. Which of the following sites should the nurse plan to prepare for catheter insertion?
Right Subclavian Vein
In treating patients with hepatitis, it is important for nurses to help patients cope with the challenge of
Sodium Restriction
A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who recently learned that she has type 2 diabetes. The nurse should explain that which of the following sweeteners will add to the clients carbohydrate count?
Sorbitol
A nurse is discussing good food choices with a client who is recovering from an exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease and is to start a low-lactose diet. Which of the following is the best choice for the client?
Soy Milk
The nurse should include that which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein?
Soybeans
A nurse is teaching a client who is postpartum and has been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Spinach and Beef
The nurse should include that which of the following is a trigger for the formation of vitamin D in the body?
Sunlight
A nurse in an oncology clinic is caring for a client who is undergoing treatment for cancer and reports difficulty eating due to inability to taste food. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
Use plastic utensils to eat
A community health nurse is assessing a client who reports numbness of the hands and feet for the past two weeks. This finding is associated with which of the following nutritional deficiencies?
Vitamin B12
Which of the following aids in the absorption of iron?
Vitamin C
A nurse is caring for a child who has appendicitis. Which of the following results should the nurse anticipate when reviewing this client's lab values?
WBC 17,000/mm
A nurse is caring for an antepartum client who has iron-deficiency anemia. When teaching the client about nutrition, the nurse should emphasize the need for an increased intake of which of the following foods?
Whole grain breads
A nurse is teaching a client about dietary recommendations to lower blood pressure. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding?
"I should consume low-fat dairy products"
A nurse is teaching a client who is undergoing cancer treatment about interventions to manage stomatitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?
"I will avoid toasting my bread"
A nurse is providing teaching about the Mediterranean diet to a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
"I will limit my intake of red meat to twice weekly"
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has chronic pancreatitis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
"You should increase your daily intake of protein"
A nurse is teaching a community program on nutritional guidelines for cancer prevention. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
-Eat foods high in Vitamin A -Add cruciferous vegetables
A nurse is teaching a client who has cancer about ways to increase protein and calories in foods. Which of the following actions should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
-Use peanut butter as a spread on crackers -Top fruit with yogurt -Dip chicken in eggs before cooking -Sprinkle cheese on a baked potato
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which solution should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?
0.45% sodium chloride
A nurse is instructing a group of clients regarding calcium rich foods. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the best source of calcium?
1 cup of milk
The nurse should include that which of the following foods contain the highest level of thiamine per serving?
1 cup whole grain wheat flour
What is the recommended amount of vegetable servings per day?
2 1/2 cups
Which of the following is an appropriate daily intake of fiber for adult women?
20-35 grams
The nurses teaching plan should state that in order to limit saturated fat intake, the client should limit total fat intake to what % of total calories per day?
30%
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN through a central venous access device, but the next bag of solution is not available for administration at this time. Which of the following is an appropriate action by the nurse? A- Administer 20% dextrose in the water IV until the next bag is available B- Slow the infusion rate of the current bag until the solution is available C- Monitor for hyperglycemia D- Monitor for hyperosmolar diuresis
A
A nurse is conducting a Nutrional class on minerals and electrolytes. The nurse should include which of the following foods is a major source of magnesium? A-Tuna B- Tomatoes C- Eggs D- Oranges
A
A nurse is conducting a nutrition class at a local community center. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A- Progress toward limiting saturated fat to 7% of total daily intake B- Good bowel function requires 35 g/day of fiber for females C- Limit cholesterol consumption to 400 mg/day D- Normal functioning cardiac systems depends on B-Complex vitamins
A
A nurse is discussing the use of a low-profile gastrostomy device with the guardian of a child who is receiving enteral feeding. Which of the following is an appropriate statement by the nurse? A- "The device is usually comfortable for the children" B- "Checking residual is much easier with this device" C- "This access requires less maintenance than a traditional nasal tube" D- "Mobility of the child is limited with this device"
A
A nurse is teaching about food safety and foodborne illnesses to a group of adults at a local community center. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A- "Unpasteurized fruit juice is a common cause of foodborne illnesses" B- "Store hard-boiled eggs in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks" C- "The recommended cooking temperature for ground beef is 145 Degrees Fahrenheit" D- "The onset of norovirus is 5 to 7 days after exposure to the bacteria"
A
A nurse is providing teaching about food allergies to a group of new parents. Infants who react to which of the following foods typically outgrow the sensitivity? Select all that apply. A- Soy B- Wheat C- Cow's Milk D- Eggs E- Fish
A and C
A nurse is reviewing the effect of culture on nutrition during a staff in-service. Which of the following groups prescribes eating specific foods to balance forces in the body during illness? Select all that apply. A- Asian Culture B- African Culture C- Roman Catholicism D- Hispanic/Latinx Culture E- Buddhism
A and D
A nurse is teaching a client about snacks that are appropriate on a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. Which of the food choices by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
A slice of cheese
A nurse is performing dietary needs assessments for a group of clients. A blenderized liquid diet is appropriate for which of the following clients? Select all that apply. A- A client who has a wired jaw due to a motor vehicle crash B- A client who is 24 hr postoperative following temporomandibular joint repair C- A client who has difficulty chewing due to oral surgery D- A client who has hypercholesterolemia due to coronary artery disease E- A client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy the next morning
A, B and C
A school nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about healthy snack food choices. Which of the following foods should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A- Carrot stick with low fat dip B- Cheese and crackers C- Unbuttered popcorn D- French fries E- Hot dog
A, B and C
A charge nurse is conducting a nutritional class for a group of newly licensed nurses regarding basal metabolic rate (BMR). The charge nurse should inform the class that which of the following factors increases BMR? Select all that apply. A- Lactation B-Prolonged Stress C- Malnutrition D- Puberty E- Age older than 60 years
A, B and D
A nurse is administering bolus enteral feedings to a client who has malnutrition. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions? Select all that apply. A- Verify the presence of bowel sounds B- Flush the feeding tube with warm water C- Elevate the head of bed to 20 degrees D- Administer the feeding at room temperature E- Instill the formula over 60 min
A, B and D
A nurse is assessing a 6-month- old infant who has a lactose intolerance. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply. A- Abdominal distension B- Flatus C- Hypoactive bowel sounds D- Occasional diarrhea E- Visible peristalsis
A, B and D
A nurse is teaching a group of clients who are pregnant about iron-rich foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A- Beans B- Fish C- Dairy Products D- Lean red meats E- Apples
A, B and D
A school nurse is teaching a high school health class about the possible causes of a negative nitrogen balance. Which of the following causes should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A- Illness B- Malnutrition C- Adolescence D- Trauma E- Pregnancy
A, B and D
A nurse is educating the parents of a toddler about appropriate snack foods. Which of the following foods should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A- Graham crackers B- Apply slices C- Raisins D- Jelly beans E- Cheese cubes
A, B and E
A nurse is teaching a group of female clients about risk factors for developing osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A-Inactivity B- Family history C- Obesity D- Hyperlipidemia E- Cigarette Smoking
A, B and E
A charge nurse is providing information about fat emulsion added to total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to a group of nurses. Which of the following statements by the charge nurse are appropriate? Select all that apply. A- "Concentration of lipid emulsion can be up to 30%" B- " Adding lipid emulsion gives the solution a milky appearance" C- "Check for allergies to soybean oil" D- "Lipid emulsion prevents essential fatty acid deficiency" E- "Lipids provide calories by increasing the osmolality of the PN solution"
A, B, C and D
A school nurse is teaching a group of students how to read food labels. Which of the following is a required component of food labels that the nurse should include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A- Total Carbohydrates B- Total Fat C- Calories D- Magnesium E- Dietary Fiber
A, B, C and E
A nurse is discussing essential nutrients for normal functioning of the nervous system with a client. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A- Calcium B- Thiamin C- Vitamin B6 D- Sodium E- Phosphorus
A, B, C, D
A nurse is performing a nutrition assessment on a client. Which of the following clinical findings are suggestive of malnutrition? Select all that apply. A- Poor wound healing B- Dry Hair C- BP of 130/80 D- Weak hand grips E- Impaired coordination
A, B, D and E
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new prescription for peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply. A- Examine trends in weight loss B- Review prealbumin finding C- Administer IV solution of 20% dextrose D- Add a micron filter to IV tubing E- Use an IV infusion pump
A, B, D and E
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who follows vegan dietary practices. The nurse should instruct the client that there is a risk of having a deficit in which of the following nutrients? Select all that apply. A- Vitamin D B- Fiber C- Calcium D- Vitamin B12 E- Whole grains
A, C and D
A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving treatment for malnutrition. The client is scheduled for discharge to their home where they live alone. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply. A- Consult social services to arrange home meal delivery B- Encourage the client to purchase nonperishable boxed meals C- Advise the client to purchase frozen fruits and vegetables D- Recommend drinking a supplement between meals E- Educate the client on how to read nutrition labels
A, C, D and E
A nurse is reinforcing dietary teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A- "Carbohydrates should comprise 55% of daily caloric intake" B- "Use hydrogenated oils for cooking" C- "You can add table sugar to cereals" D- "Eat something if you chose to drink alcohol" E- "Use the same portion sizes to exchange carbohydrates"
A, C, D and E
For patients with any kind of liver disease, the most important dietary modification is
Abstaining from alcohol
A nurse is admitting a client who reports anorexia and is experiencing malnutrition. Which of the following lab findings should the nurse expect to be altered?
Albumin
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is receiving TPN. Which of the following lab indicates the treatment is effective?
Albumin 4.2
If an otherwise health patient with normal body weight develops fatty liver disease, it would be especially important to evaluate?
Alcohol Intake
A nurse is teaching a client who has gastroesophageal reflux disease about managing his illness. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Avoid eating 3 hours before bed
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client who has frequent kidney stones. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Avoid eating tree nuts such as almonds
A charge nurse is teaching a group if nurses about medication compatibility with TPN. Which of the following statements should the charge nurse make? A- "Use the Y-port on the TPN IV tubing to administer antibiotics" B- "Regular insulin can be added to the TPN solution" C- "Regular insulin can be added to the TPN solution" D- "Administer vitamin K IV bolus via a Y-port on the TPN tubing"
B
A nurse educator is teaching a class on culture and food group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching? A- "Most clients who practice Roman Catholicism do not drink caffeinated beverages" B- "Most clients who practice orthodox Judaism do not eat with dairy products" C- "Most clients who are Mormon eat only the protein of animals that are slaughtered under strict guidelines" D" Most clients who practice Hinduism do not eat dairy prooducts"
B
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypoglycemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A- Fruity breath odor B- Diaphoresis C- Ketones in urine D- Polyuria
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has anemia about dietary intake of iron. Which of the following is a non-heme source of iron? A- Ground beef B- Dried Beans C- Salmon D- Turkey
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and reports feeling shaky and weak. The clients blood glucose is 53 mg/dL. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A- Provide subcutaneous insulin for the patient B- Offer the client 140 mL (4 oz) fruit juice C- Give the client IV potassium D- Administer IV sodium bicarbonate
B
A nurse is caring for a client who has multiple sclerosis and requires liquids with honey-like thickness. Which of the following foods can the client consume without adding a thickening agent? A- Ice cream B- Yogurt C- Buttermilk D- Cream of chicken soup
B
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive a Level 2 Dysphagia diet due to a recent stroke. Which of the following dietary selections is most appropriate? A- Turkey Sandwich B- Poached eggs C- Peanut butter crackers D- Granola
B
A nurse is caring for several clients in an extended care facility. Which of the following clients is at the highest priority to observe during meals? A- A client who has decreased vision B- A client who has Parkison's Disease C- A client who has poor dentition D- A client who has anorexia
B
A nurse is discussing how the body processes food with a client during a routine provider's visit. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A-Glycerol can be broken down into glucose for use by the body B- The liver converts unused glucose into glycogen C- Excess fatty acids are stored in the muscle tissue D- The body uses glycogen for fat before using available ATP.
B
A nurse is instructing a client who has celiac disease about foods to avoid. Which of the following foods should the nurse include in the teaching? A- Potatoes B- Graham crackers C- Wild rice D- Canned pears
B
A nurse is reviewing dietary recommendations with a group of clients at a health fair. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A- "Fats should be 5% to 15% of daily calorie intake" B- "Make protein 10% to 35% of total calories each day" C- "Consume 1,500 mL of water from liquids and solids each day" D- "The body needs 40 mg of iron each day"
B
A nurse is reviewing prescribed medications for a newly admitted client. Which of the following medications increases the body's rate of metabolism? A- Morphine B- Levothyroxine C- Phenobarbital D- Dilaudid
B
A nurse is teaching a client who is starting continuous feedings about the various types of enteral nutrition formulas. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? A- Formula rich fiber is recommended when starting EN B- Standard formula contains while protein C- Hydrolyzed formula is recommended for a full-functioning GI tract D- The high-calorie formula has increased water content
B
A nurse on an orthopedic unit is reviewing data for a client who sustained trauma in a motor-vehicle crash. Which of the following values indicates the client is in a catabolic state (using protein faster than protein is being synthesized)? a. Blood albumin 3.5 g/dL b. Negative nitrogen balance c. BMI of 18.5 d. Blood prealbumin 15 mg/dL
B
If a nurse is beginning an enteral feedings for a patient with pancreatitis, the only appropriate type of formula is a. modular. b. hydrolyzed. c. intact. d. hypercaloric.
B
A nurse is caring for a client following an appendectomy who has a postoperative prescription that reads "Discontinue NPO status: advance diet as tolerated." Which of the following are appropriate for the nurse to offer the client initially? Select all that apply. A- Apple sauce B- Chicken broth C- Sherbet D- Wheat toast E- Cranberry juice
B and E
A nurse is discussing health problems associated with nutrient deficiencies with a group of clients. Which of the following conditions is associated with a deficiency of vitamin C? Select all that apply. A-Dysrhythmias B-Scurvy C-Pernicious Anemia D-Megaloblastic Anemia E- Bleeding Gums
B and E
A nurse is talking with a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 and their caregiver. Which of the following sweeteners should the nurse include as a zero-calorie sweetener option? Select all that apply. A- Sucrose B- Aspartame C- Mannitol D- Xylitol E- Sucralose
B and E
A nurse at a community center is providing nutrition counseling for a group of older adult clients. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all that apply. A- Increase protein to 50% of daily calories B- The need for vitamins and minerals can increase C- Up to 35% of daily calories should come from fat D- At least 45% of daily calories should come from carbohydrates E- Fruits and vegetables should make up one-third of each meal
B, C and D
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply. A- Steatorrhea B- Anemia C- Tarry stools D- Epigastric pain E- Swollen lymph nodes
B, C and D
A nurse is preparing to administer intermittent enteral feeding to a client. Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions? Select all that apply. A- Fill the feeding bag with 24 hr worth of formula B- Discard the feeding equipment after 24 hrs C- Place any unused formula in open cans in the refrigerator D- Flush the feeding tube every 4 hrs E- Elevate the head of the clients bed for 15 mins after administration
B, C and D
A nurse is assisting a client who has a prescription for a mechanical soft diet with food selections. Which of the following are appropriate selections by the client? Select all that apply. A- Dried prunes B- Ground turkey C- Mashed carrots D- Fresh strawberries E- Cottage cheese
B, C and E
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new diagnosis of hypertension and a prescription for a low-sodium diet. Which of the following client statements indicate an understanding of the teaching? Select all that apply. A- "I should select organic canned vegetables" B- "I need to read food labels when grocery shopping" C- " I will stop eating frozen dinners for lunch at work" D- "I know that deli meats are usually high in sodium" E- "I can refer to the American Heart Association's website for dietary guidelines"
B, C, D and E
A nurse is assessing a client who is postoperative from gastric bypass and who just finished eating a meal. Which of the following finding are manifestations of dumping syndrome? Select all that apply. A- Bradycardia B- Dizziness C- Dry skin D- Hypotension E- Diarrhea
B, D and E
A nurse is teaching a client who is recovering from pancreatitis about following a low-fat diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. A- Ribeye steak B- Oatmeal C- Ice cream D- Canned peaches E- Pretzels
B, D and E
A nurse is teaching a client about following a low-cholesterol diet after coronary artery bypass grafting. Which of the following client food choices reflects the clients understanding of these dietary instructions?
Beans
A nurse is teaching a client about high-fiber foods that can assist in lowering LDL. Which of the following foods should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
Beans Whole Grains Broccoli
A nurse in a nutrition clinic is calculating body mass index (BMI) for several clients. The nurse should identify which of the following client BMIs as overweight? A. 24 B. 30 C. 27 D. 32
C
A nurse is assisting a client with selecting food choices on a menu. Which of the following actions by the nurse demonstrates ethnocentrism? A- Asking the client about some favorite food choices B- Notifying the dietitian to complete the menu C- Recommending one's own favorite foods D- Asking the client's family to fill out the menu
C
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension. Which of the dietary patterns is sometimes followed by Asian clients and places clients at risk for this condition? A- Incorporation of plant-based foods in the diet B- Consumption of raw fruits C- Preparation of foods using sodium D- Focus of shellfish in the diet
C
A nurse is caring for a client who is transitioning to an oral diet following a partial laryngectomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the client's risk for aspiration? A- Request to have the clients oral medications provided in liquid form B- Instruct the client to follow each bite of food with a drink of water C- Encourage the client to tuck the chin when swallowing D- Consult the dietician about providing the client with a thin liquid diet
C
A nurse is preparing to administer lipid emulsion and notes a layer of fat floating in the IV solution bag. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A- Shake the bag to mix the fat B- Turn the bag upside down one time C- Return the bag to the pharmacy D- Administer the bag of solution as it is
C
A nurse is teaching a group of clients who have diabetes about meal planning. Which of the following client statements indicates understanding? A- "I will avoid having snacks" B- "I should not eat anything containing sugar" C- "I will not eat fruit canned in syrup" D- "I will not eat more than 2,800 mg of sodium a day"
C
A nurse is planning care for a client who has a mechanical fixation of the jaw following a motorcycle crash. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? Select all that apply. A- Thicken liquids to honey consistency B- Educate the client about the use of an NG tube C- Assist the client to use a straw to drink liquids D- Ensure that the client receives ground meats E- Encourage intake of fluids between meals
C and E
Which of the following oils contains saturated fat?
Coconut
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neuropathy secondary to diabetes and plans to make dietary adjustments. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Consume less than 0.8 g/kg of body weight of protein per day
A nurse is discussing foods that are high in vitamin D with a client who is unable to be out in the sunlight. Which of the following should be included in the teaching? A- 1 cup steamed long-grain brown rice B- 6 medium raw strawberries C- 1/2 cup boiled brussel sprouts D- 2 large poached eggs
D
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to begin taking Phenelzine. Consuming which of the following foods while taking this medication could cause a hypertensive crisis? A- Grapefruit Juice B- Dark green vegetables C- Greek yogurt D- Smoked Fish
D
A nurse is teaching a client who has constipation about a high-fiber, low-fat diet. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? A- Peanut butter B- Peeled apples C- Hardboiled egg D- Brown rice
D