OB Ch. 7 - Positive Organizational Behavior

Optimists often attribute success to

Personal, permanent, and pervasive causes, and negative events to external, temporary, and situation-specific ones

Prosocial behaviors

Positive acts performed without the expectation of anything in return

PERMA

Positive emotions Engagement Relationships Meaning Achievement

Positive outcomes are generated through 3 processes:

The amplifying effect The buffering effect The positivity effect

What good do negative emotions do

They motivate

*** T/F: Research shows you need multiple positive experiences to overcome or compensate for each negative.

True

T/F: PsyCap can be developed

True

Organizational climate

consists of employees' shared perceptions of organizational policies, practices, procedures, and routines

*** You can increase _____________ by using your signature strengths in everyday activities.

engagement

*** Four key types of social support are

esteem support, informational support, social companionship, and instrumental support.

Positive OB

focuses on positive human characteristics that can be measured, developed, and effectively managed for performance improvement

*** Mindfulness can be learned through a variety of simple "_____________" techniques practiced on a regular basis.

meditative

Our brains look harder for (negative/positive) than for (negative/positive) information during daily acitivities

negative positive

*** (Negative/Positive) emotions cause you to narrow your focus, while (negative/positive) emotions cause you to broaden your thinking.

negative positive

______________ ______________ activate a survival orientation and lead us to be more responsive to negative information

negative experiences

_____________ _______________ reflects employees' beliefs about what they see going on at work and what is happening to them

organizational climate

*** Optimism attributes positive events to ___________, ___________, and ______________ factors.

personal permanent pervasive

Flourishing

represents the extent to which our lives contain PERMA

Virtuousness

represents what individuals and organizations aspire to be when they are at their very best

Temperance promotes

self-control, humility, and prudence.

Positive defiance

successful performance that dramatically exceeds the norm in a positive direction

Social support

the amount of perceived helpfulness we derive from social relationships

Positivity effect

the attraction of all living systems toward positive energy and away from negative energy, or toward that which is life giving and away from that which is life depleting

Mindfulness

the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally to the unfolding of experience moment by moment

Forgiveness

the capacity to foster collective abandonment of justified resentment, bitterness, and blame, and, instead, it is the adoption of positive, forward-looking approaches in response to harm or damage

well-being

the combined impact of five elements—positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement (PERMA)

Intentions

the end point or goal you want to achieve. They drive your behavior.

Organizational practices

the procedures, policies, practices, routines, and rules that organizations use to get things done

Meaningfulness

the sense of "belonging to and serving something that you believe is bigger than the self."

Flow

the state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake

Virtuous leaders are more focused on ________________ than on self-interest

thre greater good

Restorative justice

a shared belief in the importance of resolving conflict multilaterally through the inclusion of victims, offenders, and all other stakeholders.

Compassion

a shared value that drives people to help others who are suffering

Amplifying effect

positive practices from one individual result in additional positive practices by others, which spur positivity in others, which generate other positive outcomes

Upward spirals of positivity

your positive behaviors, feelings, and attitudes generate the same in others in a continually reinforcing process

Benefits of mindfulness

1. Less rumination. 2. Reduced stress. 3. Improved memory. 4. Better focus. 5. Self-awareness. 6. Greater interpersonal effectiveness and satisfaction.

3 global values essential for promoting psoitive organizational behavior

1. Restorative justice 2. Compassion 3. Temperance

HERO

Hope Efficacy Resilience Optimism

Hope =

Willpower + Waypower

*** The key components of virtuous leadership are

a focus on the greater good, trust, integrity, and forgiveness.

Temperance

a shared belief in showing restraint and control when faced with temptation and provocation

The Positive Proton Company has a policy of using a panel of managers and various employees to resolve conflicts that arise. What organizational value does this represent? A. Restorative justice B. Greater good C. Temperance D. Integrity E. Compassion

A

Stanley would like to increase his positivity. He should do all of the following EXCEPT A. establish social connections with co-workers, family, etc. B. fake happiness. C. go for a run when he feels negativity coming on. D. use self-talk to stop negative thoughts. E. volunteer to help a friend who is in a difficult situation.

B

Which of the following about mindfulness is FALSE? A. Mindfulness requires a person to be present in the moment B. Mindfulness decreases the effectiveness of interpersonal communications C. Attentional deficit inhibits mindfulness D. Mindfulness can be practiced E. Mindfulness enhances a person's ability to develop and sustain loving relationships

B

Activities that can help increase positive experiences and decrease negative ones

Create high-quality connections Cultivate kindness Develop distractions Dispute negative self-talk and thoughts

The Garden Gnome Company is trying to counteract a negative situation that occured last year by creating a positive influence. Garden Gnome is hoping to create: A. positive deviance B. a neutralizing influence C. an amplifying effect D. a buffering effect E. corporate social responsibility

D

To have hope, one needs to have A. efficacy. B. resilience. C. mindfulness. D. a goal and a means for achieving the goal. E. optimism.

D

Which of the following is NOT a component of PERM? A. Positive emotions B. Relationships C. Achievement D. Policies and practices E. Engagement

D

4 types of social support

Esteem support: reassurance a person is accepted and respected despite any problems or inadequacies. Informational support: help defining, understanding, and coping with problems. Social companionship: time spent with others in leisure and recreational activities. Instrumental support: financial aid, material resources, or needed services.

___________ is a positive state because our well-being benefits from our deep attention to and engagement with an activity

Flow

*** __________ includes not only a goal and determination to achieve it, but also one or more clear paths for achieving it.

Hope

How to practice and develop you PsyCap

Hope development Efficacy development Resilience development Optimism development

Positive psychological capital (PsyCap)

Individuals with high levels of this possess considerable hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO)

*** ______________ can be enhanced by doing things you love, utilizing your strengths, and helping others.

Meaningfulness

Waypower

Means for achieving the goal Need to see alternative paths to achieve the goal

3 criteria for businesses doing well and good

Measurable social impact Business results Degree of innovation

*** _____________ is fostered by paying attention to the present moment in a nonjudgmental way.

Mindfulness

*** Flourishing reflects the extent to which our lives contain ____________.

PERMA

*** ___________ ___________ are contagious and can be actively increased.

Positive emotions

*** _________________ consists of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism (HERO).

Positive psychological capital (PsyCap)

*** ______________ is more than positive thinking and improves health, relationships, performance, and many other aspects of your jobs and career.

Positivity

*** _____________ is your ability to bounce back after adversity and sustain yourself.

Resilience

*** _____________ are a handful of personal attributes influencing your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.

Signature strengths

___________ ___________ are a subset of a larger collection of 24 character strengths

Signature strengths

*** T/F: Positive emotions are contagious.

T

T/F: Disengenuous attempts at positivity may do harm instead of good

True. Lack of authenticity may erode others' trust in you and reduce your influence and credibility with them

*** Positive OB operates via __________, ___________, and __________.

amplifying buffering positivity

Hope

believing the future will be better than the present and you have some power to make it happen

*** Positive ______________ _____________ are a function of organizational values, organizational practices, and virtuous leadership.

organizational climates

*** Organizational climate represents employees' perceptions of an organization's ____________, ______________, ______________, and _______________.

policies practices procedures routines

*** Flourishing reflects the extent to which our lives contain

positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement (PERMA).

*** Well-being Is comprised of

positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement (PERMA).

_____________ ______________ activate a supportive orientation and lead us to be more responsice to positive information.

positive experiences

Signature strengths

positive human traits that influence thoughts, feelings, and behaviors and provide a sense of fulfillment and meaning

Buffering effect

positive practices and resources reduce the impact of negative events and stressors