OB test 2 ch 4

The steps in the process of stereotype formation and maintenance in order are

1. Categorization 2. Inferences 3. Expectations 4. Maintenance

Which one of the following is not a difference between affirmative action and diversity management?

Affirmative action only refers to mandatory programs

Helen uses a wheelchair to get around. Her company, Cue Furniture, makes sure her desk is wheelchair accessible. The _________ requires the company to do provide this.

American with Disabilities ACT

When must managers accurately identify and communicate the behavioral characteristics and results they look for in a good performance?

At the beginning of a review cycle

_______ is based on a simple premise: Rightly or wrongly, people infer causes for their own and others' behavior.

Attribution theory

Mario is setting up an after-school program for inner city youth. The population is a mix of white, African-American and Latino, with Latinos comprising the majority of participants. Which of the following would help the group overcome stereotypes?

Creating project opportunities using a mix of populations with equal status

Which of the following is not one of the recommendations to managers about reducing stereotypes?

Managers should actively ignore stereotypes

Which of the following is not a technique by which managers can reduce the effect of implicit cognition in hiring?

Rely on stereotypes

Why do recruiters use virtual interviews?

To reduce problems associated with implicit cognition

Which of the following is not a behavior that research found in the employees' categorical knowledge of good leaders?

Using an autocratic approach

Jennifer is described by her friends as independent, distrusting authority, and technologically savvy. One of her strongest memories is the day of the Oklahoma City bombings. She is most likely to be a member of the ______ generation.

X

___________ is an artificial intervention aimed at giving management a chance to correct an imbalance, injustice, mistake, or outright discrimination that occurred in the past.

affirmative action

The millennial generation is described as

as person born between early 1980s and late 1990s, grew up during advent of internet and personal computers, they are known to be more progressive, creative and far- thinking than earlier generations.

Which of the following is not a layer of diversity?

attributional

The generation described as workaholic, idealistic, competitive, and materialistic is

baby boomers

The existence of implicit cognition leads people to make _______ decisions without realizing they are doing so.

biased

Marion, a shift supervisor, is keeping a performance diary for each of her employees. This mechanism can _________ performance appraisals.

can reduce bias

_____________ are suspected or inferred causes of behavior.

casual attributions

Kelley hypothesized that people make causal attributions by observing

consensus, distinctiveness and consistency

There are two key situational characteristics that affect perception: the_______ of the interaction, and the culture and race ______ between perceivers

context; consistency

Seema is married with two children and lives in New York. She has worked at Bubble Zone for 10 years. These are all ________of the four layers of diversity.

external dimensions

Surface-level characteristics include _________, age, and race.

gender

The term ________ identifies an invisible but absolute barrier that prevents women from advancing to higher-level positions.

glass ceiling

Carrie goes out to lunch and orders a diet soda. If we consider _______, she is likely to prefer a salad for lunch.

implicit cognition

Pat is applying for a new job. Which of the following will help her online "image"?

include info on her volunteer activities

Shoney's hired African Americans to fill positions of dining-room supervisors and vice presidents, added more franchises owned by African Americans, and purchased more goods and services from minority-owned companies. This represents the _____________ option that organization can use to address diversity issues.

include/exclude

At its most basic, a person's behavior can be attributed to either _______ or _______ factors.

internal, external

The use of implicit cognitions

leads people to make biased decisions

Of the following options, which is the action to address any type of diversity issue?

mutual adaption

Which of the following is not one of the key perceiver characteristics that affect our perceptions of others?

nonverbal ques

Carl's team is evaluating his effectiveness as a leader. Which of the following behaviors does reflect an effective leader?

not letting other group members make any decisions

Alana looks at the clouds and sees flowers. Her brother, Sammy, looks at the same clouds and sees jellyfish. Alana and Sammy have different

perceptions

External factors include all of the following except

putting forth effort

Perception is the process of

selecting, organizing and interpreting data from our senses

Melissa walks into her morning status meeting. She didn't have time for breakfast or even coffee. During the meeting, she is most likely to focus on

snacks/drinks because she is hungry and thirsty

"Women have a harder time than men in being perceived as effective leaders." This statement is a(n)

stereotype

A(n) _______ is an individual's set of beliefs about the characteristics of a group.

stereotype

Joyce finds that the members of the project team to which she has been assigned in her management class are all athletes on the college's football and basketball teams. She immediately considers dropping the class because she thinks her experience with that team will be negative. Joyce is likely to be reacting to a _________

stereotype

Saying, "You've got to pay your dues" is another way to promote the status quo. This is an example of the ________ option that organizations can use to address any type of diversity issue.

suppress

Karrin notices immediately that one of the members assigned to her team in a marketing class is a middle-aged man. This is a(n) ________ characteristic.

surface level

_______ characteristics are quickly apparent to interactants.

surface level

The self-serving bias states that we tend to

take more responsibility for success than failure

Nita is the office manager at a service station. Two applicants, Max and Tim, arrive to interview for the open mechanic's position. Max's clothes are dirty, his hair is unwashed, and he doesn't make eye contact when he gives Nita his name. Tim dresses in clean jeans and a nice shirt, is shaved, and shakes Nita's hand when he introduces himself. After the interview, Keith the head mechanic, asks Nita what she thought. Both men have the skill set needed for the position. Nita recommends Tim. She is responding to her perception of _____

the target

Deep-level characteristics of diversity

traits that are nonverbal like attitudes, values and beliefs