OBGYN- Chapter 19: The Menstrual Cycle

Which of the following could also be described as intermenstrual bleeding? a) Metrorrhagia b) Polymenorrhea c) Menometrorrhagia d) Menorrhagia

a) Metrorrhagia

The second phase of the endometrial cycle is the: a) Secretory phase b) Follicular phase c) Luteal phase d) Proliferative phase

a) Secretory phase

A change in menstrual bleeding associated with lesions within the uterus relates to: a) DUB b) AUB c) Pelvic inflammatory disease d) Fibroids

b) AUB

Ectopic endometrial tissue within the uterus that leads to AUB is termed: a) Endometriosis b) Adenomyosis c) Fibroids d) Endometrial hyperplasia

b) Adenomyosis

The temporary endocrine gland that results from the rupture of the Graafian follicle is the: a) Corpus albicans b) Corpus luteum c) Cumulus oophorus d) Trophoblastic cells

b) Corpus luteum

Painful and difficult menstruation is termed: a) Menorrhagia b) Dysmenorrhea c) Metrorrhagia d) Amenorrhea

b) Dysmenorrhea

The periovulatory phase may also be referred to as the: a) Early secretory phase b) Late proliferative phase c) Late secretory phase d) Early proliferative phase

b) Late proliferative phase

What is defined as frequent regular cycles but less than 21 days apart? a) Hypomenorrhea b) Polymenorrhea c) Menorrhagia d) Cryptomenorrhea

b) Polymenorrhea

The measurement of the endometrium during the early proliferative phase ranges from: a) 6 to 10 mm b) 8 to 12 mm c) 4 to 8 mm d) 1 to 2 mm

c) 4 to 8 mm

Which hormone released by the ovary during the proliferative phase stimulates endometrial thickening? a) FSH b) LH c) Estrogen d) Progesterone

c) Estrogen

The hormone of the pituitary gland that stimulates follicular development of the ovary is: a) LH b) Estrogen c) FSH d) GnRH

c) FSH

The hormone produced by the hypothalamus that controls the release of the hormones for menstruation by the anterior pituitary gland is: a) FSH b) Estrogen c) GnRH d) LH

c) GnRH

What structure may be noted on the ovary just prior to ovulation? a) Corpus albicans b) Corpus luteum c) Graafian follicle d) Blastocyst

c) Graafian follicle

What structure produces hormones that directly act upon the endometrium to produce varying thickness and sonographic appearances? a) Hypothalamus b) Adrenal gland c) Ovary d) Uterus

c) Ovary

LH is produced by the: a) Ovary b) Endometrium c) Hypothalamus d) Anterior pituitary gland

d) Anterior pituitary gland

The first menstrual cycle is termed: a) Amenorrhea b) Metrorrhagia c) Mittelschmerz d) Menarche

d) Menarche

Which of the following would not be a cause of AUB? a) Endometrial hyperplasia b) Hypothyroidism c) Adenomyosis d) Ovarian torsion

d) Ovarian torsion

Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum during pregnancy? a) FSH b) LH c) Progesterone d) hCG

d) hCG

Ovulation typically occurs on day ____ of the menstrual cycle. a) 12 b) 14 c) 16 d) 1

b) 14

The corpus luteum primarily releases: a) Estrogen b) Progesterone c) LH d) FSH

b) Progesterone

The average menstrual cycle lasts: a) 45 days b) 24 days c) 26 days d) 28 days

d) 28 days

FSH is produced by the: a) Ovary b) Endometrium c) Hypothalamus d) Anterior pituitary gland

d) Anterior pituitary gland

The first phase of the ovarian cycle is the: a) Luteal phase b) Secretory phase c) Proliferative phase d) Follicular phase

d) Follicular phase

The first phase of the endometrial cycle is the: a) Secretory phase b) Follicular phase c) Luteal phase d) Proliferative phase

d) Proliferative phase

"Ovaries Freely Let Every Period Start"

Ovary, Follicular, Luteal, Endometrium, Proliferative, Secretory

The dominant follicle prior to ovulation is termed the: a) Graafian follicle b) Ovarian hyper follicle c) Corpus luteum d) Corpus albicans

a) Graafian follicle

The two hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland that impact the menstrual cycle are: a) LH and FSH b) LH and estrogen c) Progesterone and estrogen d) FSH and progesterone

a) LH and FSH

During which phase of the endometrial cycle would the endometrium yield the three-line sign? a) Late proliferative b) Early proliferative c) Early secretory d) Late secretory

a) Late proliferative

What is the typical sonographic appearance of the endometrium during the secretory phase? a) Anechoic and thin b) Hyperechoic and thick c) Hypoechoic and thin d) Echogenic basil layer and hypoechoic functional layer

b) Hyperechoic and thick

The hormone that surges at ovulation is: a) GnRH b) LH c) Aldosterone d) Progesterone

b) LH

The second phase of the ovarian cycle is called the: a) Follicular phase b) Luteal phase c) Secretory phase d) Proliferative phase

b) Luteal phase

Which of the following is said to be a common cause of DUB? a) Hirsutism b) Polycystic ovary syndrome c) Fibroids d) Pelvic inflammatory disease

b) Polycystic ovary syndrome

Which structure remains after the corpus luteum has regressed? a) Theca luteal cyst b) Corpus luteum of pregnancy c) Corpus albicans d) Cumulus oophorus

c) Corpus albicans

The structure noted within the Graafian follicle containing the developing ovum is the: a) Corpus luteum b) Corpus albicans c) Cumulus oophorus d) Theca internal cells

c) Cumulus oophorus

When the sonographic three-line sign is present, the functional layer of the endometrium typically appears: a) Anechoic b) Echogenic c) Hypoechoic d) Complex

c) Hypoechoic

What hormone maintains the thickness of the endometrium after ovulation? a) LH b) Estrogen c) Progesterone d) FSH

c) Progestorone

Which of the following hormones is released by the ovary during the second half of the menstrual cycle? a) LH b) FSH c) hCG d) Progesterone

d) Progesterone

When the ovary is in the luteal phase, the endometrium is in the: a) Early proliferative b) Periovulatory c) Late proliferative d) Secretory

d) Secretory

The arteries within the functional layer of the endometrium that are altered by the hormones of the ovary and are shed with menstruation are the: a) Arcuate arteries b) Radial arteries c) Straight arteries d) Spiral arteries

d) Spiral arteries

The hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the early placenta is: a) Estrogen b) FSH c) LH d) hCG

d) hCG

An increase in the number of endometrial cells is termed: a) Endometrial hyperplasia b) Endometrial atrophy c) Endometrial carcinoma d) Polyps

a) Endometrial hyperplasia