Oceanography Chapter 7 Study Test
6) Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current? 6) _____ A) Warmer water B) Increased current velocity C) Deeper current D) Narrower current E) Deeper currents, increased current velocity, warmer water, and narrower current are all true of western boundary currents
deeper currents, increased current velocity, warmer water, and narrower current are all true of western boundary currents
20) Thermohaline circulation is driven by ________. 20) _____ A) density differences B) the Coriolis effect C) longitude D) latitude E) wind
density differences
1) Deep ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and caused by ________. 1) _____ A) wind; the Coriolis effect and land B) density differences; the Coriolis effect and land C) density differences; differences in salinity and temperature D) latitude; differences in salinity and land E) wind; gravity and density
density differences; differences in salinity and temperature
41) About what percent of the wind's energy is transferred to the ocean surface? 41) _____ A) Twenty B) Ten C) Fifty D) Five E) Two
two
16) Which of the following is true of surface water circulation near Antarctica? 16) _____ A) It is dominated by water flow directly away from the polar region toward the north. B) The surface ocean has no strong currents. C) Two circumpolar currents dominate it, one current that moves water to the east and one current that moves water to the west. D) A gyre is formed here. E) The circulation of water around the Antarctic continent is driven by density differences.
two circumpolar currents dominate it, one current that moves water to the east and one current that moves water to the west
22) The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is ________. 22) _____ A) Antarctic Bottom Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water B) Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water C) North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water D) Antarctic Intermediate Water, Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water E) North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Intermediate Water, Antarctic Bottom Water
Antarctic intermediate water, north Atlantic deep water, antarctic bottom water
5) Identify the mismatched pair from the choices below. 5) _____ A) Canary Current, Gulf Stream B) Kuroshio Current, California Current C) Agulhas Current, West Australia Current D) Brazil Current, Benguela Current E) Labrador Current, Humboldt Current
Labrador current, humboldt current
32) Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly? 32) _____ A) Pressure gradients B) Anchored buoys C) Doppler flow meters D) Accidental spills from container ships E) Radar altimeters
accidental spills from container ships
26) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 26) _____ A) California Current B) Canary Current C) Benguela Current D) West Australian Current E) Agulhas Current
agulhas current
69) The main current in Antarctic waters is the ________ Current.69) _____ A) Antarctic Circumpolar B) Malvinas C) South Equatorial D) Benguela E) South Australian
antarctic circumpolar
7) Which of the following is a western boundary current? 7) _____ A) California Current B) Peru Current C) Benguela Current D) Brazil Current E) Canary Current
brazil current
43) An increase in seawater density can be caused by a ________ in temperature or a/an ________ in salinity. 43) _____ A) increase; decrease B) decrease; increase C) decrease; decrease D) increase; increase
decrease; increase
35) Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly? 35) _____ A) Doppler flow meters B) Radio-transmitting float bottles C) Propeller flow meters D) Accidental spills from container ships E) Free-drifting Argo floats
doppler flow meters
18) During winter months, monsoon winds over the Indian Ocean ________. 18) _____ A) flow from sea to land and are wet B) flow from land to sea and are wet C) flow from land to sea and are dry D) flow from sea to land and are dry E) the direction of airflow is unchanged but precipitation increases
flow from land to sea and are dry
64) Which of the following currents contributes to the South Eastern United States being humid? 64) _____ A) California Current B) North Atlantic Current C) North Equatorial Current D) Brazil Current E) Gulf Stream
gulf stream
9) Which of the following is NOT an eastern boundary current? 9) _____ A) West Australian Current B) Gulf Stream C) Peru Current D) Canary Current E) California Current
gulf stream
21) Compared to Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water is ________. 21) _____ A) colder B) higher in salinity C) higher in nutrients D) denser E) lower in oxygen
higher in salinity
42) Deep-water currents move ________ volumes of water and are much ________ than surface currents. 42) _____ A) larger; faster B) smaller; slower C) larger; slower D) smaller; faster
larger; slower
10) The Ekman spiral is caused by ________. 10) _____ A) pressure gradients B) the wind and the Coriolis effect C) the pycnocline D) the wind and gravity E) density differences in the water column
the wind and the Coriolis effect
12) In the southern hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is always ________. 12) _____ A) to the east of the wind direction B) parallel to the wind direction C) at a 45° angle from the wind direction D) to the left of the wind direction E) to the right of the wind direction
to the left of the wind direction
4) Equatorial currents are driven by the ________. 4) _____ A) Coriolis force B) trade winds C) density D) Ekman transport E) westerlies
trade winds
15) Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich deep water through ________. 15) _____ A) convergence B) land breezes C) downwelling D) sea breezes E) upwelling
upwelling
66) Diverging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity. 66) _____ A) upwelling; low B) upwelling; high C) downwelling; low D) downwelling; high
upwelling; high
59) Which subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower and deeper than its counterparts? 59) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
western boundary current
62) The observation that one subtropical boundary current is faster, narrower, and deeper than its counterparts is an example of which of the following? 62) _____ A) Western intensification B) Ekman transport C) Eastern intensification D) Geostrophic current E) Equatorial upwelling
western intensification
14) Western intensification causes ________. 14) _____ A) equatorial countercurrents B) the center of the gyre to be shift to the west C) a steeper slope of surface water in the western section of the gyre as compare to the eastern section of the gyre D) very swift western boundary currents E) All of the choices are the result of westward intensification.
all of the choices are the result of westward intensitification
70) Which of the following is the only current that completely circumscribes Earth? 70) _____ A) South Australian B) Benguela C) Malvinas D) Antarctic Circumpolar E) South Equatorial
antarctic circumpolar
76) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Measuring average flow rates of ocean surface currents is simple BECAUSE they flow in the same direction and at the same rate for long periods of time.76) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
both the assertion and the reason are incorrect
79) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Areas of downwelling are associated with prolific marine life BECAUSE the necessary nutrients are continuously replenished. 79) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct E) ) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
both the assertion and the reason are incorrect
8) Compared to western boundary currents, eastern boundary currents are ________. 8) _____ A) shallow and swift B) narrow and deep C) deep and swift D) broad and deep E) broad and slow
broad and slow
28) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 28) _____ A) California Current B) Gulf Stream C) North Atlantic Current D) Canary Current E) North Equatorial Current
california current
65) Which of the following currents contributes to the South Western United States being arid? 65) _____ A) Brazil Current B) California Current C) North Pacific Current D) Canary Current E) North Equatorial Current
california current
17) When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of water within the North Atlantic gyre, the body of water is called a ________. 17) _____ A) geostrophic circulation B) Langmuir cell C) warm core ring D) cyclonic circulation E) cold core ring
cold core ring
67) Converging surface waters are areas of ________ and ________ productivity. 67) _____ A) upwelling; high B) downwelling; low C) upwelling; low D) downwelling; high
downwelling; low
52) The California Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 52) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
easter boundary current
49) The West Australian Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 49) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
eastern boundary current
50) The Peru (Humboldt) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 50) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
eastern boundary current
51) The Canary Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 51) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
eastern boundary current
53) The Benguela Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 53) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
eastern boundary current
60) The observation that ships and icebergs in the southern hemisphere float to the left of the wind direction is an example of which of the following? 60) _____ A) Eastern intensification B) Western intensification C) Geostrophic current D) Equatorial upwelling E) Ekman transport
ekman transport
63) Coastal winds can cause upwelling or downwelling due to which of the following? 63) _____ A) Ekman transport B) Western intensification C) Geostrophic current D) Eastern intensification E) Equatorial upwelling
ekman transport
57) The North Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 57) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
equatorial current
58) The South Equatorial Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 58) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
equatorial current
38) Which of the following methods are used to measure deep ocean currents directly? 38) _____ A) Radio-transmitting float bottles B) Accidental spills from container ships C) Free-drifting Argo floats D) Propeller flow meters E) Radar altimeters
free-drifting argo floats
11) Which type of current flow moves in a circular path around a subtropical convergence, reflecting Ekman transport, gravity, and the Coriolis effect? 11) _____ A) Density-driven circulation B) Counter-current circulation C) Langmuir circulation D) Thermohaline circulation E) Geostrophic circulation
geostrophic circulation
13) Geostrophic circulation within a gyre is driven by ________. 13) _____ A) salinity and gravity B) the wind and pressure C) density and the wind D) temperature and pressure E) gravity and the Coriolis effect
gravity and the Coriolis effect
24) Deep-water circulation brings dense, cold, oxygen-rich water from the surface to the deep ocean because of ________. 24) _____ A) greater dissolution of oxygen in colder water than warmer water B) greater rates of photosynthesis in deep water C) increases in pH with depth D) decreases in pH with depth E) greater volcanic out-gassing at the ocean surface
greater dissolution of oxygen in colder water than warmer water
25) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 25) _____ A) South Pacific B) North Atlantic C) South Atlantic D) Gulf of Alaska E) Indian
gulf of alaska
75) Which of the following currents is responsible for Peru becoming the largest producer of fish, from the sea, in the world? 75) _____ A) Falkland Current B) Somali Current C) Humboldt Current D) Brazil Current E) Canary Current
humboldt current
30) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 30) _____ A) Density-driven circulation B) Antarctic Bottom Water C) North Atlantic Deep Water D) Kuroshio Current E) Thermohaline circulation
kuroshio current
73) The Sargasso Sea is the water that circulates around the rotation center of the ________ gyre. 73) _____ A) North Pacific B) Indian Ocean C) North Atlantic D) South Atlantic E) South Pacific
north atlantic
54) The North Atlantic Current is an example of which of the following types of currents?54) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
northern boundary current
55) The North Pacific Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 55) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
northern boundary current
31) Ocean surface currents transfer about ________ of the total amount of heat from the tropics to the poles. 31) _____ A) three-fourths B) one-half C) one-fourth D) one-third E) two-thirds
one-third
27) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 27) _____ A) Somali Current B) Peru Current C) Gulf Stream D) Kuroshio Current E) North Equatorial Current
peru current
40) Warm currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce warm, humid conditions. 40) _____ A) toward the equator; western B) toward the equator; eastern C) poleward; western D) poleward; eastern
poleward; eastern
36) Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly? 36) _____ A) Radio-transmitting float bottles B) Accidental spills from container ships C) Pressure gradients D) Propeller flow meters E) Free-drifting Argo floats
pressure gradients
33) Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly? 33) _____ A) Radar altimeters B) Pressure gradients C) Propeller flow meters D) Doppler flow meters E) Anchored buoys
propeller flow meters
37) Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents indirectly? 37) _____ A) Radio-transmitting float bottles B) Accidental spills from container ships C) Free-drifting Argo floats D) Radar altimeters E) Propeller flow meters
radar altimeters
34) Which of the following methods are used to measure ocean surface currents directly? 34) _____ A) Anchored buoys B) Radar altimeters C) Doppler flow meters D) Radio-transmitting float bottles E) Pressure gradients
radio-transmitting float bottles
74) Between summer and winter, which of the following currents reverses its flow direction? 74) _____ A) Brazil Current B) Falkland Current C) Florida Current D) California Current E) Somali Current
somali current
72) Which of the following Atlantic Subtropical gyre boundary currents is split into two by a large landmass? 72) _____ A) Canary Current B) North Atlantic Current C) Benguela Current D) South Equatorial Current E) Brazil Current
south equatorial current
68) Coastal upwelling along the coast of Chile is a result of winds from the ________ turning towards the ________ due to Ekman transport. 68) _____ A) north; right B) south; right C) south; left D) north; left
south; left
56) The West Wind Drift is an example of which of the following types of currents? 56) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
southern boundary current
29) Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern. 29) _____ A) decreased fish stock in coastal Peru B) Peruvian upwelling stops C) flooding rains in southeastern United States D) Australian drought E) strong trade winds
strong trade winds
23) Which of the following is not a source of deep water in the ocean? 23) _____ A) Subtropical convergences B) Antarctic convergence C) Arctic convergence D) Southern subpolar latitudes E) Northern subpolar latitudes
subtropical convergence
61) The observation of a hill of water within all subtropical gyres is an example of which of the following?61) _____ A) Equatorial upwelling B) Western intensification C) Subtropical convergence D) Geostrophic current E) Eastern intensification
subtropical convergence
3) Which of the following statements is true of surface ocean currents? 3) _____ A) Surface currents occur within and below the pycnocline. B) Surface currents transport cold water toward the poles. C) Surface currents transport warm water toward the equator. D) Surface currents form circular patterns in the major ocean basins called "gyres." E) Surface currents concentrate warm water in the center of the gyre at mid latitudes.
surface currents form circular patterns in the major ocean basins called 'gyres'
77) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The Equatorial Countercurrent is much better developed in the Pacific Ocean than in the Atlantic BECAUSE the Pacific Ocean basin is larger and more unobstructed than the Atlantic Ocean.77) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid
80) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: The temperatures across the Atlantic at different latitudes are much higher in Europe than in North America BECAUSE of the effects of heat transfer from the Gulf Stream. 80) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid
82) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: India's Southwest Monsoon provides abundant precipitation BECAUSE the air brought in from the Indian Ocean is warm and full of moisture. 82) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid.
81) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: India's Northeast Monsoon provides little precipitation BECAUSE it occurs during the winter. 81) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion and the reason are both, but the reason is invalid
78) Judge the following sentence according to the criteria given below: Ocean currents have the potential to generate more power than wind farms BECAUSE ocean currents move much faster than the wind. 78) _____ A) The assertion and the reason are both correct, and the reason is valid. B) The assertion and the reason are both correct, but the reason is invalid. C) The assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect. D) The assertion is incorrect, but the reason is correct. E) Both the assertion and the reason are incorrect.
the assertion is correct, but the reason is incorrect
19) The El Niño Southern Oscillation can best be described as ________. 19) _____ A) tidal differences between coastal Peru and Darwin, Australia B) the relationship between sea surface temperature and changing atmospheric pressure C) wind speed and wind direction differences along the equator D) relative changes between two different atmospheric pressure systems at high altitude E) variation in wind speed over the Pacific Ocean
the relationship between sea surface temperature and changing atmospheric pressure
39) Cold currents flowing ________ on the ________ sides of continents produce arid conditions. 39) _____ A) toward the equator; western B) poleward; eastern C) poleward; western D) toward the equator; eastern
toward the equator; western
71) The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is also known as which of the following? 71) _____ A) South Equatorial Current B) West Wind Drift C) East Australian Current D) Peru (Humboldt) Current E) Benguela Current
west wind drift
44) The Agulhas Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 44) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
western boundary current
45) The Brazil Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 45) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
western boundary current
46) The East Australian Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 46) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
western boundary current
47) The Kuroshio (Japan) Current is an example of which of the following types of currents? 47) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
western boundary current
48) The Gulf Stream is an example of which of the following types of currents? 48) _____ A) Eastern Boundary Current B) Equatorial Counter Current C) Northern Boundary Current D) Southern Boundary Current E) Western Boundary Current
western boundary current
2) Surface ocean currents are driven primarily by ________ and modified by ________. 2) _____ A) wind; gravity and density B) latitude; differences in salinity and land C) density differences; the Coriolis effect and land D) density differences; differences in salinity and temperature E) wind; the Coriolis effect and land
wind; the Coriolis effect and land
