Oncologic Disorders [Cancer]

When caring for an older client who is receiving external beam radiation, which is the key point for the nurse to incorporate into the plan of care?

INSPECT THE SKIN FREQUENTLY

The nurse is providing client teaching for a client undergoing chemotherapy. What dietary modifications should the nurse advise?

AVOID SPICY & FATTY FOODS

A client is receiving external radiation to the left thorax to treat lung cancer has a nursing diagnosis of 'Risk for impaired skin integrity'. Which intervention should be part of this client's care plan?

AVOIDING USING SOAP ON THE IRRADIATED AREAS

During chemotherapy, an oncology client has a nursing diagnosis of 'impaired oral mucous membrane related to decreased nutrition and immunosuppression secondary to the cyototoxic effects of chemotherapy'.Which nursing intervention is most likely to decrease the paint of stomatitis?

PROVIDING A SOLUTION OF VISCOUS LIDOCAINE FOR USE AS A MOUTH RINSE

The lethal tumor dose is defined as the dose that will eradicate what percentage of the tumor yet preserve normal tissue?

95%

A client is recovering from a craniotomy with tummy debulking. Which comment by the client indicates to the nursea correct understanding of what the surgery entailed?

"I GUESS THE DOCTOR COULD NOT REMOVE THE ENTIRE TUMOR"

After a bone marrow transplant (BMT), the client should be monitored for at least

100 DAYS

The oncology nurse is giving chemotherapy to a client in a short stay area. The client confides that they are very depressed. The nurse recognizes depression as which of the following?

A NORMAL REACTION TO THE DIAGNOSIS OF CANCER

Following surgery for adenocarcinoma, the client learns the tumor stage is T3, N1, M0. What treatment mode will the nurse anticipate?

ADJUVANT THERAPY IS LIKELY

After cancer chemotherapy, a client experiences nausea & vomiting. The nurse should assign highest priority to which intervention?

ADMINISTERING METOCLOPRAMIDE & DEXAMETHASONE AS ORDERED.

Which type of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is characterized by cells from a donor other than the patient?

ALLOGENEIC

The nurse is conducting a screening for familial predisposition to cancer. Which element should the nurse note as a possible indication of hereditary cancer syndrome?

AN AUNT & UNCLE DIAGNOSED WITH CANCER

Which of the following is a term used to describe the process by which a new blood supply is formed?

ANGIOGENESIS

A client complains of sporadic epigastric pain, yellow skin, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and fatigue. Suspecting gallbladder disease, the physician orders a diagnostic workup, which reveals gallbladder cancer. Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for this client?

ANTICIPATORY GRIEVING

To combat the most common adverse effects of chermotherapy, a nurse should administer an:

ANTIEMETIC

5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is classified as which type of antineoplastic agent?

ANTIMETABOLITE

What intervention should the nurse provide to reduce the incidence of renal damage when a patient is taking a chemotherapy regimen?

ENCOURAGE FLUID INTAKE TO DILUTE THE URINE

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with cancer. Which of the following therapies is used to treat something other than cancer?

ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY

A client undergoes a biopsy of a suspicious lesion. The biopsy report classifies the lesion according to the TNM staging system as follows: TIS, N0, M0. What does this classification mean?

CARCINOMA IN SITU, NO ABNORMAL REGIONAL LYMPH NODES, AND NO EVIDENCE OF DISTANT METASTASIS

Which occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardial space and compresses the heart?

CARDIAC TAMPONADE

A nurse is performing a home visit for a client who received chemotherapy within the past 24 hours. The nurse observes a small child playing in the bathroom, where the lid has been left up. based on these observations, the nurse modifies the client's teaching plan to include:

CHEMOTHERAPY EXPOSURE & RISK FACTORS

A side-effect of chemotherapy is renal damage. To prevent this, the nurse should:

ENCOURAGE FLUID INTAKE, IF POSSIBLE, TO DILUTE THE URINE

A client diagnosed with acute myelocytic leukemia has been receiving chemotherapy. During the last 2 cycles of chemotherapy, the client developed severe thrombocytopenia requiring multiple platelet transfusions. The client is now scheduled to receive a third cycle. How can the nurse best detect early signs and symptoms of thrombocytopenia?

CLOSELY OBSERVE THE CLIENT'S SKIN FOR PETECHIAE & BRUISING

Which primary cancer treatment goal is prolonged survival and containment of cancer cell growth?

CONTROL

The drug interleukin-2 is an example of which type of biologic response modifier?

CYTOKINE

What are considered carcinogens?

DIETARY SUBSTANCES

The nurse assesses that extravasation of a chemotherapy agent has occurred. What should the initia; action of the nurse be?

DISCONTINUE THE INFUSION

The nurse is evaluating the client's risk for cancer and recommends changes when the client states she

EATS RED MEATS, SUCH AS STEAKS OR HAMBURGERS EVERY DAY

Which growth-based classification of tumors?

MALIGNANCY

A serum sodium concerntration lower thatn 115 mEq/L (115mmol/L) is associated with:

SEIZURE

What should the nurse tell a client who is about to begin chemotherapy and is anxious about hair loss?

THE CLIENT SHOULD CONSIDER GETTING A WIG OR CAP PRIOR TO BEGINNING TREATMENT

A client with advanced cancer makes the following comment to the nurse: "Why are you bathing me? I am going to die no matter what". What is the most appropriate response of the nurse?

"WOULD YOU LIKE TO TALK ABOUT WHAT YOU ARE FEELING?"

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a platelet count of 30,000/mm3. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?

'I FLOSS MY TEETH EVERY MORNING'

A client receiving chemotherapy has a nursing diagnosis of 'deficient diversional activity related to decreased energy'. Which client statement indicates an accurate understanding of appropriate ways to deal with this deficit?

'I'LL PLAY CARD GAMES WITH MY FRIENDS.'

Which statement by a client undergoing external radiation therapy indicates the need for further teaching?

'I'M WORRIED I'LL EXPOSE MY FAMILY MEMBERS TO RADIATION.'

A nurse is developing a care plan for bone marrow suppression, the major dose-limiting adverese reaction to floxuridine (FUDR). How long after drug administration does bone marrow suppression become noticeable?

7-14 DAYS

The nurse is caring for a client undergoing an incisional biopsy. Which statement does the nurse understand to be true about an incisional biopsy?

IT REMOVES A WEDGE OF TISSUE FOR DIAGNOSIS

You are an oncology nurse caring for a client who tells you that their tastes have changed. They go on to say that "meat tastes bad". What is a nursing intervention to increase protein intake fora client with taste changes?

ENCOURAGE CHEESE & SANDWICHES

A patient will be having an endoscopic procedure with a diagnostic biopsy. What type of biopsy does the nurse explain will remove an entire piece of suspicion tissue?

EXCISIONAL BIOPSY

The nurse is teaching a healthy lifestyle class to a group of adolescents. The nurse recommends:

EXERCISING AT LEAST 60 MINUTE PER DAY DOING MODERATE TO VIGOROUS ACTIVITIES AT LEAST 5 DAYS PER WEEK

A patient with uterine cancer is being treated with internal radiation therapy. What would the nurse's priority responsibility be for this patient?

EXPLAIN TO THE PATIENT THAT SHE WILL CONTINUE TO EMIT RADIATION WHILE THE IMPLANT IS IN PLACE

The client is receiving a vesicant antineoplastic for treatment of cancer. Which assessment finding would require the nurse to take immediate action?

EXTRAVASATION

The nurse is working with a client who has had a allohematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The nurse notices a different rash and diarrhea. The nurse contacts the physician to report that the client has symptoms of

GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE

What foods should the nurse suggest that the patient consume less of in order to reduce nitrate intake because of the possibility of carcinogenic action?

HAM & BACON

A benign tumor of the blood vessels is a(n)

HEMANGIOMA

A client diagnosed with cancer has their tumor staged and graded based on what?

HOW THEY TEND TO GROW AND THE CELL TYPE

What can the nurse do to meet the challenges in caring for a patient with cancer?

IDENTIFY OWN PERCEPTION OF CANCER & SET REALISTIC GOALS

For a client newly diagnosed with radiation-induced thrombocytopenia, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?

INSPECTING THE SKIN FOR PETECHIAE ONCE EVERY SHIFT

Which of the following is a characteristic of a malignant tumor?

IT GAINS ACCESS TO THE BLOOD AND LYMPHATIC CHANNELS

A client with cancer is being evaluated for possible metastasis. What is one of the most common metastasis sites for cancer cells?

LIVER

The nurse performs a breast exam on a client and finds a firm, non-moveable lump in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast that the client reports was not there 3 week ago. What does this finding suggest?

MALIGNANT TUMOR

The nurse working on a bone marrow unit knows that it is a priority to monitor which of the following in a client who has just undergone a stem cell transplant?

MONITOR THE CLIENT CLOSELY TO PREVENT INFECTION

Which type of surgery is used in an attempt to relieve complications of cancer?

PALLIATIVE

The nurse is receiving a client with a radioactive implant for the treatment of cervical cancer. The nurse:

PLACES THE CLIENT IN A PRIVATE ROOM

An important nursing function is monitoring factors that may indicate that bleeding is occurring. One serum indicator is a (an):

PLATELET COUNT OF 60,000/MM3

During which step of cellular carcinogenesis do cellular changes exhibit increased malignant behavior?

PROGRESSION

A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding suggests that the client has developed stomatitis?

RED, OPEN SORES ON THE ORAL MUCOSA

A male client has been unable to return to work for 10 days following chemotherapy as the result of ongoing fatigue and inability to perform usual activities. Lab tests results are WBCs 2000/mm3, RBCs 3.2 x 10^12/L, and platelets 85,000/mm3. The nurse notes that the client is anxious. Which of the following is the priority nursing diagnosis?

RISK FOR INFECTION RELATED TO INADEQUATE DEFENSES

A client is receiving chemotherapy to treat breast cancer. Which assessment finding indicates a chemotherapy-induced complication?

SERUM POTASSIUM LEVEL OF 2.6 mEQ/L

The nurse knows the interferon agents are used in association with chemotherapy to produce which effects in the client?

SHORTEN THE PERIOD OF NEUTROPENIA

The nurse is invited to present a teaching program to parents of school-age children. Which topic would be of greatest value for decreasing cancer risks?

SUN SAFETY & USE OF SUNSCREEN

You are an oncology nurse caring for a client who is taking antineoplastic agents. What symptoms must you consider when monitoring this client?

SYMPTOMS OF GOUT

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy. Which is the best statement the nurse can make about the client experiencing chemotherapy-induced alopecia?

THE HAIR LOSS IS USUALLY TEMPORARY

A nurse is administering daunorubicin (DaunoXome) to a patient with lung cancer. Which situation requires immediate intervention?

THE I.V. SITE IS RED & SWOLLEN

A 36-year-old man is receiving three different chemotherapeutic agents for Hodgkin's disease. The nurse explains to the client that the three drugs are given over an extended period because:

THE THREE DRUGS HAVE A SYNERGISTIC EFFECT & ACT ON THE CANCER CELLS WITH DIFFERENT MECHANISMS

The nurse evaluates teaching as effective when a female client states that she will:

USE SUNSCREEN WHEN OUTDOORS

A client received chemotherapy 24 hours ago. Which precautions are necessary when caring for the client?

WEAR PERSONAL EQUIPMENT WHEN HANDLING BLOOD, BODY FLUIDS, & FECES

A client is receiving the cell cycle-nonspecifically alkylating agent thiotepa (Thioplexa), 60mg weekly for 4 weeks by ballder instillation as part of chemotherapy regimen to treat bladder cancer. The client asks the nurse how the drug works. How does thiotepa exert its therapeutic effects?

IT INTERFERES WITH DNA REPLICATION & RNA TRANSCRIPTION.

What does the nurse understand is the rationale for administering allopurinol for a patient receiving chemotherapy?

IT LOWERS SERUM & URIC ACID LEVELS

The nurse at the clinic explains to the patient that the surgeon will be removing a mole on the patient's back that has the potential to develop into cancer. The nurse informs the patient that this is what a type of procedure?

PROPHYLACTIC

A patient is admitted for an excisional biopsy of a breat lesion. What intervention should the nurse provide for the care of this patient?

PROVIDE TIME FOR THE PATIENT TO DISCUSS HER CONCERNS

During chemotherapy, an oncology client has a nursing diagnosis of 'Impaired oral mucous membrane related to decreased nutrition and immunosuppression secondary to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy'. Which nursing intervention is most likely to decrease the pain of stomatitis?

PROVIDING A SOLUTION OF VISCOUS LIDOCAINE FOR USE AS A MOUTH RINSE

The physician is attending to a 72-year-old client with a malignant brain tumor. They physician recommends immediate radiation therapy. What is a reason for the physician's recommendation?

TO PREVENT THE FORMATION OF NEW CANCER CELLS

The client is diagnosed with a benign brain tumor. Which of the following features of a benign tumor is of most concern to the nurse?

TUMOR PRESSURE AGAINST NORMAL TISSUES

The root cause of cancer is damage to cellular DNA which can be caused by many factors, or carcinogens. What factors can be carcinogenic?

- DIETARY SUBSTANCES - ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS - VIRUSES

When a patient takes vincristine, an antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA and protein synthesis, the patient needs to be informed that he should report which of the following symptoms that would be an expected side-effect of motor neuropathy? Select all that apply:

- MUSCLE WEAKNESS - CRAMPS & SPASMS IN THE LEGS - LOSS OF BALANCE & COORDINATION

The nurse is providing an educational presentation on dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of cancer. Which of the following food selections would demonstrate a good understanding of the information provided in the presentation? Select all that apply:

- TURKEY BREAST ON WHOLE WHEAT BREAD - STEAMED BROCCOLI & CARROTS - EGG WHITE OMELET WITH SPINACH & MUSHROOMS

Which of the following is a term used to describe the process of programmed cell death?

APOPTOSIS

What type of vaccine uses the client's own cancer cells, which are killed and prepared for injection back into the client?

AUTO-LOGOUS

A cancer client makes the following statement to the nurse: "I guess I will tell my doctor to forego the chemotherapy. I do not want to be throwing up all the time. I would rather die."Which of the following facts supports the use of chemotherapy for this client?

CHEMOTHERAPY TREATMENT CAN BE ADJUSTED TO OPTIMIZE EFFECTS WHILE LIMITING ADVERSE EFFECTS