Oncology NCLEX style
A 29-year-old woman is concerned about her personal risk factors for malignant melanoma. She is upset because her 49-year-old sister was recently diagnosed with the disease. After gathering information about the clients history of sun exposure, the nurses best response would be to explain that: A. some melanomas have a familial component, and she should seek medical advice B. her personal risk is low because most melanomas occur at age 60 or later C. her personal risk is low because melanoma does not have a familial component D. She should not worry because she did not experience severe sunburn as a child
A
A client diagnosed with testicular cancer expresses concerns about fertility. The client and his spouse desire to eventually have a family, and the nurse discusses the option of sperm banking. The nurse should inform the couple that sperm banking would need to be performed: A. before treatment is started B. once the client is tolerating the treatment C. upon completion of treatment D. when tumor markers drop to normal levels
A
The incidence and risk of cancer increase when smoking is combined with: A. asbestos exposure and alcohol consumption B. ultraviolet radiation exposure and alcohol consumption C. Asbestos exposure and ultraviolet radiation exposure D. alcohol consumption and human papilloma virus (HPV) infection
A
A 42-year-old female highway construction worker is concerned about her cancer risks. She has been married for 18 years, has two children, smokes one pack of cigarettes per day, and occasionally drinks one to two beers. She is 30 pounds overweight, eats fried fast food often, and rarely eats fresh fruits and vegetables. Her mother was diagnosed with breast cancer two years ago. Her father and an aunt both died of lung cancer. She had a basal cell carcinoma removed from her cheek three years earlier. What behavioral changes should the nurse coach this client to make to decrease her risk of cancer? Select all that apply. A. improve nutrition B. decrease alcohol consumption C. use sunscreen D. stop smoking E. lose weight F. change her job to work inside
A, C, D, E
A 42-year-old is interested in making dietary changes to reduce the risk of colon cancer. What dietary selections should the nurse suggest? A. croissant, granola and peanut butter squares, whole milk B. bran muffin, skim milk, stir-fried broccoli C. Granola, bagel with cream cheese, cauliflower salad D. oatmeal raisin cookies, baked potato with sour cream, turkey sandwich
B
Cancer prevalence is defined as: A. the likelihood cancer will occur in a lifetime B. the number of persons with cancer at a given point in time C. the number of new cancers in a year D. all cancer cases more than 5 years old
B
The nurse is conducting a cancer risk assessment for a middle aged client. Which environmental factor increases the risk of cancer? A. gender B. nutrition C. immunologic status D. age
B
When planning a culturally sensitive health education program, the nurse should: A. locate the program at a facility that will not charge for use B. integrate folk beliefs and traditions of the target population into the continent C. Prepare materials in the primary language of the program sponsor D. exclude community leaders from the dominant culture from initial planning efforts
B
A client at risk for lung cancer asks about the reason for having a computed tomography (CT) scan as part of the initial exam. What is the nurses best response? "A CT scan is: A. far superior to magnetic resonance imaging for evaluating a lymph node metastasis." B. noninvasive and readily available." C. useful for distinguishing small differences in tissue density and detecting nodal involvement." D. used to distinguish a malignant from a non-malignant adenopathy."
C
A client with a family history of cancer asks the nurse what the single most important risk factor for cancer is. Which risk factor should the nurse discuss? A. family history B. lifestyle choices C. age D. menopause or hormonal events
C
A nurse is planning an educational program about cancer prevention and detection. Which group would benefit most from education regarding potential risk factors for melanoma? A. adults older than age 35 B. senior citizens who have been repeatedly exposed to the effects of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B rays C. parents with children D. employees of a chemical factory
C
Lifestyle influences that are considered risk factors for colorectal cancer include: A. a diet low in vitamin C B. a high dietary intake of artificial sweeteners C. a high-fat, low-fiber diet D. multiple sex partners
C
Which client is at the highest risk for colorectal cancer? A. the client who smokes B. the client who eats a vegetarian diet C. the client who has been treated for Crohn's disease for 20 years D. the client who has a family history of lung cancer
C
A nurse is providing education in a community setting about general measures to avoid excessive sun exposure. Which recommendation is appropriate? A. apply sunscreen only after going into the water B. avoid peak exposure hours from 9 AM to 1 PM C. Where loosely woven clothing for added ventilation D. apply sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or more before sun exposure
D
A nurse is conducting a cancer risk screening program. Which client is at greatest risk for skin cancer? A. a 45 y/o healthcare worker B. a 15 y/o high school student C. a 30 y/o butcher D. a 60 y/o mountain biker
D
The nurse is assessing a 60 year old who has hoarseness and a chronic sore throat. What should the nurse determine while conducting a focused assessment? Select all that apply. A. use of acetaminophen B. exposure to sun C. consumption of a high-fat diet D. history of tobacco use E. amount of alcohol consumption
D, E