Operations Exam II
Pull Production System
Designed to reduce waste Components used in the manufacturing process are only replaced once they are consumed This means all of the company's resources are used for producing goods that will immediately be sold and return a profit
The (blank) probability distribution is typically used to describe uncertain activity times in a project
beta
The authority to stop the production line if quality problems are encountered is known as
jidoka
In a pull production system
kanbans do not make the production schedule but they do maintain the discipline of pull production
An exponential smoothing forecasting technique requires all of the following except
large amounts of historical demand data
All of the following have pressured companies for quicker response and shorter cycle times except
longer product life cycles
Which of the following is not a typical component of lead time
maintenance time
Lower inventory levels
make processes more dependent on each other while reveling bottlenecks more quickly
The sum of the weights in a weighted moving average forecast
must be equal to 1
Receiving inspection, handling, and shipping costs are examples of
ordering costs
The responsibility for continuous improvement is
requires the participation of every employee in the company
As the amount of on hand inventory increases
shortage costs decrease and carrying costs increase
For an exponential smoothing method of forecasting, the closer the value of the smoothing constant (alpha), to 1
the greater the reaction to the most recent demand
When compared to the continuous inventory system
the periodic inventory system typically has larger inventory levels
combining the practice of preventive maintenance with the concepts of total quality is known as
total productive maintenance
Six elements of lean manufacturing
Flexible resources Cellular layout Pull Production system Kanban production control Small lot production Quick Setup
Cellular layout
Group dissimilar machines to create a family of parts Minimize size as well as improve work flow Diagrams with this layout are common and help workers cross-check and flow smoothly
Forecast methods based on judgement, opinion, past experiences, or best guesses are known as
Qualitative methods
Which of the following is not a type of predictable demand behavior?
Random variation
(T/F) A computer-to-computer exchange of business documents in a standard format is known as electronic data interchange
T
(T/F) Companies cope with uncertainty in their supply chain by holding extra inventory
T
(T/F) Internal setups can only be performed when a process is stopped
T
(T/F)Shortage costs have an inverse relationship to carrying costs
T
(T/F)Small-lot production requires less space and capital investment than systems with larger inventories.
T
(T/F)Upstream supply chain members are referred to as a firm's suppliers
T
A Gantt chart provides a visual display of the project schedule, including scheduled start times, finish times, and slack times
T
Moving average and exponential smoothing forecasts are types of
Time-Series forecasting methods
Flexible Recources
Workers can perform more than one job Dynamic team General purpose machines that can perform a variety of functions All of these will help a company adapt to unanticipated changes more efficiently
Lean production is difficult to implement when
all of the above
In the ABC inventory classification system
B items require more control than C items but less control than A items
(T/F) Because they are temporary, projects are subject to less uncertainty than normal management processes
F
(T/F) Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR) is a process for two or more companies in a supply chain to synchronize their individual demand forecasts in order to develop individual separate plans for meeting customer demand.
F
(T/F) In a CPM/PERT network, slack = 1 for all activities on the critical path
F
(T/F) Increased supply chain transparency will magnify the bullwhip effect
F
(T/F) The objective of project crashing is to reduce project duration while maximizing the cost of crashing
F
(T/F)A long range forecast is usually for a period longer than one year and less than two years
F
(T/F)In the periodic inventory system, the time between orders is variable and the order size is constant
F
(T/F)The larger the value of the mean absolute deviation (MAD) to the magnitude of the data, the more accurate the forecast
F
Activites that are not on a project's critical path have zero slack
F
PERT stands for program enterprise and resource technique
F
The authority to stop the production line when quality problems are encountered is known in Japanese as andons.
F
When bar codes are scanned at checkout counters an instantaneous computer record of sale known as radio frequency identification (RDIF) is generated
F
A system whereby products are delivered to warehouses on a continual basis, where they are sorted, repackaged and distributed to stores without sitting in inventory is known as
cross docking
Items used in the process of producing a final product, such as component parts or materials are said to be (blank) demand items
dependent
A long range forecast would normally not be used to
determine production schedules
One disadvantage of Gannt charts, especially for large projects, is that the Gantt Chart:
does not clearly show precedence relationships
For activities on the critical path
earliest start time (ES) = latest start time (LS)
Manufacturing cells
group dissimilar machines together to process a family of parts with similar shapes or processing requirements
