ORAL COMM - SPEECH CONTEXT

dyad & small group

2 kinds of interpersonal communication

learn about yourself by engaging in self-dialogue, practice self-affirmation

2 tips for interpersonal communication

public communication

> involves a single speaker and a sizable number of persons or an audience. The speaker is tasked to deliver a message or a speech of general interest to the audience. > This type of speech context requires more planning and preparation on the part of the speaker since it lacks the intimacy that is typical of one-to-one and small group interactions. There are limited or no opportunities for feedback because the speaker has a definite or prescribed time limit, and both the speaker and the audience maintain their roles throughout the speech event (the audience may, however, convey nonverbal messages).

intrapersonal communication

> makes you dig deeper beyond the surface level of your thoughts, actions, and emotions. It is a necessary process in understanding yourself especially when you are facing confusing or troubling times. > This type of speech context involves only one participant; that is, the individual is both the sender and the receiver of the message in the communication process. > simply means communicating with oneself. It takes place when the individual is being introspective or engaging in inner talk or internal discourse such as daydreaming, reflecting, analyzing, evaluating, and even mumbling.

number of participants

A communication situation or speech context may involve just one person, two persons, a small group, or a large group of people.

the channel used for the communication

Communication may happen face-to-face or over various channels such as through telephone calls or video calls

the immediacy of the exchange

In some communication situations, feedback is readily given and received, whereas in other situations, feedback is delayed, or there is no opportunity to give feedback.

physical proximity of the participants in relation to one another

The participants in the communication may stand close to each other or may be distant or far from one another

to inform, to persuade, to entertain

There are 3 following reasons done by public communication

internal discourse

This involves inner talk or activities such as thinking, reflecting, analyzing, or evaluating, which are done entirely within the mind of the individual.

dyad

This is composed of two participants who take turns as the sender (or speaker) and the receiver (or listener) in the communication process. A dyadic communication, which is also called one-to-one communication, may be formal or informal. A purposive interview, for example, is formal, while a casual conversation is informal.

informal communication

This occurs in non-organized situations. Everyday conversations, chatting, and spontaneous interactions are just some examples of informal communication. This form of communication is also considered more authentic and not systematic.

formal communication

This occurs mostly in a workplace or in an organized environment. Often, this kind of communication uses an organization's formal channels, such as letters, memorandums, or e-mails. It may, however, also be done face-to-face. This form of communication is also considered as more systematic, documented, and planned than informal communication.

small group

This type of communication is composed of three or more participants, or a group of participants, who engage in a discussion, often to achieve a common goal such as to solve a problem, to perform an action or task, or to decide on something. The participants in the group contribute information and opinion, or exchange thoughts about a topic. Examples of small group interactions are roundtable discussions, panel discussions, group brainstorming sessions, and study groups.

solo written

This type of intrapersonal communication involves writing that is not intended for others. Journaling or writing in one's diary are examples of solo written communication.

solo vocal communication

Unlike internal discourse, which occurs only in the mind of the individual, and solo written communication, which involves writing, solo vocal communication is spoken aloud. This occurs when an individual speaks with oneself, such as when practicing a message to be delivered to others or when speaking aloud to clarify or to better understand a certain idea or concept. For example, when trying to commit something to memory, you may choose to say the information aloud to yourself. Another example of this speech context is when you declare your feelings or frustrations out loud in order to express them and unburden yourself.

interpersonal communication

is a transmission or exchange of a message, feelings, or a meaning through verbal or nonverbal cues. In this type of speech context, there is an interdependent relationship between or among the participants. This means that the action of one participant, more often than not, directly affects the response or reaction of the other participant(s). Interpersonal communication can be direct (face-to-face encounter) or indirect (done through the use of a tool or technology like talking to someone over the telephone or internet, communicating by e-mail, and teleconferencing in distance-learning class).

speech context

refers to the situation or environment and the circumstances in which communication occurs

know the objective of the communication, let the other participants speak, observe the other participants nonverbal behavior, use words that are appropriate for the situation

tips for interpersonal communication

internal discourse, solo written communication, solo vocal communication

what are the 3 types of intrapersonal communication?

intrapersonal speech context, interpersonal speech context, public communication

what are the three main types of speech context?