Oral Communications 10-14

In normal conversations, most people speak about ________ words per minute.

250

Generally, you should look at your audience at least _______ of the time.

90 percent

Which of the following is NOT a reason related to the importance of eye contact?

All of these

Which of these is true about creativity as it relates to the speech making process?

All of these are true.

Speaking accurately is not that simple because of which of the following reasons?

All of these.

Which of the following is not associated with an effective oral style?

An effective oral style features singular personal pronouns.

Claim, support, and warrant are three parts to the Verderber system of analyzing your audience.

False

Some offensive humor may be used if you know that it will not offend the majority of the audience.

False

Speakers can increase their credibility by impressing the audience with his/her extensive vocabulary.

False

You should not practice movements or gestures so they can appear natural when you present your speech.

False

__________ means using the language that adapts to the needs, interests, knowledge, and attitudes of the listeners, and avoiding language that alienates the audience.

Speaking appropriately

Claim, support, and warrant are part of ________'s system of analyzing everyday arguments.

Toulmin

Antithesis involves combining contrasting ideas ion the same sentence.

True

Facial expressions can supplement and reflect the thoughts of the speaker.

True

If you want your audience to feel angry, you should model this feeling by looking and sounding angry.

True

The four major characteristics of the voice are 1) rate, 2) pitch, 3) volume, and 4) quality.

True

The warrant of an argument must always be verbalized to be persuasive.

True

Informative speaking is similar to:

a classroom lecture

A claim is ________.

a conclusion to be proven

A statement designed to convince your audience that something is or not true, exist, or happens

a proposition of fact

All of the following are characteristics of a good narration except _________.

a strong main character

Common articulation problems include _________.

adding a sound where none occurs

You can convey competence and credibility by___________.

all of these

"Round and round the rugged rock the ragged rascal ran" is an example of a(n) ________ because of the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words that are near on another.

alliteration

When a person distorts a sound in a word, the problem is called _______.

an articulation error

A speech on the largest painting that was created by over 3,000 students is an example of __________.

an exposition of a creative work

Delivering an informative speech on Maslow's hierarchy of needs would be:

an exposition of a theory, principle, or law

A speech on the development of the rollercoaster over time is known as __________.

an exposition of historical events and forces

"Hear the mellow wedding bells is an example of a(n) _______ because of the repetition of vowel sounds.

assonance

As you begin to develop your speech goal, you will want to understand the audience's ______ toward your topic

attituve

Shawna wants to give an informative speech on Alzheimer's Disease. As she thinks about what her audience might know about the topic, she considers the _________ when she decides to not just talk about the disease, but also the emotional effects on a person's family and friends.

breadth

Effective process speeches require __________.

carefully delineated steps

The Elaboration Likelihood Model suggests that people process information using the ______ when the issue is more important to them.

central route

____________ is the positive, neutral, or negative feeling or evaluation associated with a word.

connotation

A speaker uses __________ to produce new or original ideas and insight that will help build a speech.

creativity

When you reason with an audience by arriving at a general conclusion based on several pieces of specific evidence, you are using ________ reasoning.

deductive

________ is a word's direct, explicit meaning given by its language community.

denotation

If a speaker attempts to describe the size of California in relation to the United States using a grape and a grape fruit, the he she is using the __________ method of informing.

description

In Sarah's speech about environmental movements, she states "recycling a single plastic bottle can conserve enough energy to light a 60-watt light bulb for six hours." She is engaging in the ___________ method of informing.

description

A person is said to have a(n) ______ when they have speech habits typical of a certain geographic area.

dialect

In part of an address to a Joint Session of Congress following the 9/11 attacks, President George W. Bush states "every nation, in every region, now has a decision to make. Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorist." This portion of the statement commits the fallacy of ________.

either-or

When the support statements you use are examples of the claim you are making, you are arguing from ________.

example

When Martin explains that seitan is an excellent substitute for meat, he is defining vegetarianism through __________.

explaining its history

If a speaker delivers an in-depth research presentation, it is called an __________ speech

expository

A speech that is prepared and practiced, but the exact wording is determined at the time of utterance is one that is _______________.

extemporaneous

One of Murphy's Law states that if you wash your car, then it will rain. This commits the fallacy of _____.

false cause

Spontaneity in speaking means __________.

giving the impression that the idea is being formed at the time it is spoken

If your boss prompts you unexpectedly to give a quick report on the project that you have been working on at a meeting, you will be giving what type of delivery?

impromptu

Speaking with no changes in pitch, rate or volume is described as speaking __________.

in a monotone

If a speaker wants to explain or describe facts, truths, and principles in a way that stimulates interest, facilitates understanding, and increases understanding, then he/she would want to use a(n) __________ speech.

informative

If a speaker presents either entirely new information, or familiar information in a new way that piques curiosity and excites interest, then he/she is utilizing __________.

intellectual stimulation

Speaking notes should include all of the following except ________.

introduction and conclusion

All of the following are reasons that speaking accurately is not that simple except ________.

language can be shared

All of the following are ways for a speaker to increase goodwill except _________.

liking the audience

The means of persuasion in which you construct logical arguments that support your point of view is called ______.

logos

When arguing from example, it is important to ______.

make sure the negative examples are accounted for

If a speaker wanted to establish a figurative comparison between two unlike ideas, he/she would want to use a ________.

metaphor

Of the following, all are characteristics of effective informative speaking except __________.

motivation

Each of the following is a way to address diverse learning styles except __________.

none, all of the above are ways to address diverse learning styles.

"Click" and "buzz" are examples of _______ words, which sound like the thing they stand for.

onomatopoeia

Aristotle suggested that one way to persuade an audience is through ________, or emotional appeals.

pathos

A moment of silence strategically placed in order to enhance meaning is called a(n) _______.

pause

The goal of _____________ type of speech is to influence the attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior of audience members.

persuasive

Highness or lowness of voice describes the ________.

pitch

Narrowing a description from "blue collar worker" to "construction worker" to "bulldozer operator" is an example of using _______.

precise words

When a speaker tries to think about something from a variety of perspectives, it is known as __________.

productive thinking

The specific goal in persuasive speaking is stated as a _____

proposition

If a speaker attempts to evoke the audience's senses-touch, taste, smell, see, hear-then he/she is relying on __________.

sensory language

Articulation refers to ________.

shaping the speech sounds into recognizable symbols

The sentiment, "Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee" is an example of a ________.

simile

Communicating respect for and acceptance of the audience is a matter of ________.

speaking appropriately

The _______ fallacy of reasoning weakens the opposing position by misrepresenting it in some way and then attacking that weaker position.

straw man

Reason or evidence that includes facts, opinions, experiences and observations is the __________.

support

Varying your pitch means _________.

talking higher at times, lower at others

All of the following are good reasons to use gestures except __________.

to keep from being nervous

Speaker should use the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) to develop persuasive speeches because it can be used _________.

to understand how people process persuasive messages

If a speaker cannot physically perform the steps of a demonstration, he/she could __________.

use a visual aid to show the steps

A good narration will do all the following except __________.

use general language

Verbal immediacy refers to _________.

using language that adapts to the needs, interests, knowledge, and attitudes of you listeners

Saying, "The elderly gentleman in the black suit and red tie entered the neighborhood grocery," instead of, "The man went to the store," is an example of ______.

using specific language

The logical statement that connects the support to the claim is the _______.

warrant

According to scholars, verbal communication rules and expectations _____________.

will vary from culture to culture

Which of the following is NOT an aspect of nonverbal communication?

words of the speech