Organization Behavior MGMT Trust Justice & Ethics Ch 7

Moral Intent

- Are they actually wanting to act ethically?

What guides our willingness to trust someone.........when we know the person very well?

-Affect Based Trust -more emotional than rational.

What guides our willingness to trust someone.........when we know the person well enough to know what kind of person they are

-Cognition-based Trust - Three attributes Ability, Integrity and Benevolence

What guides our willingness to trust someone......when we barely know the person

-Disposition Based Trust -general expectation that you can trust a human being. You have faith in them.

What are the four steps of the Model of Ethical Decision Making?

1. Moral Awareness 2 Moral Judgement 3 Moral Intent 4 Ethical Behavior

Two characteristics of moral awareness

1. Moral attentiveness -Characteristics of the individua, 2.Moral intensity- Characteristics of the situation

Two characteristics of moral Intent

1. Moral identity -Characteristics of the individual (moral identity) 2. Characteristics of the situation (job pressure, role conflict, rewards and incentives)

Two characteristics of moral Intent

1. Moral identity -Characteristics of the individual (moral identity), 2. Characteristics of the situation (job pressure, role conflict, rewards and incentives)

What factor influences whether an individual will identify the morally right thing to do?

1. Preconvention phase- ego centric- judge morality based on direct consequences of actions., 2 Conventional phase - based on social views and expectations 3. Post conventional phase - realization that individuals are separate entities from society.

3 phases of judgement (Cognitive Moral Development

1. Preconvention phase- ego centric- judge morality based on direct consequences of actions., 2 Conventional phase - based on social views and expectations- , 3. Post conventional phase - realization that individuals are separate entities from society.

In terms of cognitive-based trust, what are the attributes of a trustee that inspire us to trust? Trustworthy

Ability- Does this person have the skills, abilities, and areas of expertise that enable him or her to be successful in this situation? Integrity - Does this person adhere to a set of values and principles (such as integrity and honesty) that I find acceptable? Benevolence - Does this person want to do good for me, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives?

What are the factors that influence whether or not you trust someone in a given situation?

Disposition-based trust Cognition-based trust Affect-based trust

Distributive justice (Perceived fairness of decision making outcomes), what are the norms people commonly use to evaluate whether an outcome is fair?

Equity Norms - outcomes allocated based on inputs. Equality Norms - outcomes allocated equally to all. Need Norms - outcomes allocated based on needs.

What is the relationship between distributive and procedural justice when distributive justice is low (if someone believes the outcome they receive is unfair, will procedural justice make a difference or are they going to be upset regardless of whether procedural justice is high or low)

If you feel you have low distributive justice and low procedural justice feelings you will have low bad reactions to authority.

What factors influence whether an individual will become aware of a moral dilemma?

Individual characteristics (moral attentiveness) Social characteristics (moral intensity)

For informational justice, (perceived fairness of the communication provided to employees from authorities) what are the steps one can take to ensure that people feel the communications they receive are fair?

Justification Truthfulness

The employee was aware of the dilemma and knew the difference between right and wrong but intended to be unethical

Moral Intent- Are they actually wanting to act ethically?

What factors influence whether an individual will intend to act morally?

Moral Intent- Are they actually wanting to act ethically?

For interpersonal justice, (perceived fairness of the treatment received by employees from authorities) what are the steps one can take to ensure people feel they are treated fairly?

Respect Propriety

If an individual makes an unethical decision, you should be able to identify whether:

The employee was aware of the dilemma but exercised poor moral judgment vs. Moral Judgement-Do they have the ability to accurately identify the morally right course of action?

If an individual makes an unethical decision, you should be able to identify whether:

The employee was never aware of the ethical dilemma vs. Moral Awareness-Do they have the ability to recognize that a moral issue exists?

In terms of disposition-based trust, what personality trait explains a person's trust disposition?

Trust Propensity - a general expectation that the words, promises and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon.

What do these attributes tell us about the trustee?

Trust based on emotional fondness. More emotional than rational. "You trust them because you like them."

For procedural justice, (perceived fairness of the decision making process) what are the steps one can take to make the procedure for allocating outcomes fair?

Voice - Were those affected given a chance to provide input?, Correctability - Were there mechanisms to correct or appeal the decisions? Consistency- Were procedures consistent across people and time? Bias Suppression - Were procedures neutral and unbiased? Representativeness - Were procedures fair to all groups represented? Accuracy - Were procedures biased on accurate information?

Characteristics of the individual (Cognitive Moral Development) 3 phases of judgement

a Preconvention phase- ego centric- judge morality based on direct consequences of actions. b. Conventional phase - based on social views and expectations c. Post conventional phase - realization that individuals are separate entities from society.

Individuals who are not very "morally developed"

are less likely to identify the morally "right" course of action.

What are the four dimensions of justice?

distributive justice procedural justice interpersonal justice informational justice

What is the relationship between distributive and procedural justice when you have high distributive justice/low procedural justice or high distributive justice/high procedural?

you still have good feelings toward authority.

What is the relationship between distributive and procedural justice when you have low distributive justice but high procedural justice

your reactions to authority are good/happy.