Organizational Behavior (Final Exam)
Araceli is a team member in a large corporation. She never speaks in team meetings because she has seen members talk behind each other's backs after the meetings. Members are constantly monitoring the other members' work and looking for mistakes to point out in a meeting. According to the information provided, which contextual factor is lacking in Araceli's team?
climate of trust
Top management has a major impact on the organization's culture by _________________.
establishing norms that filter down through the organization
Lillian Stintson works for a global women's rights organization. In the past few months, she has traveled across the globe for the campaign she was working on. In addition, she has been working weekends to meet campaign milestones. She has now decided to take a month's holiday to relax and get a much-needed break. She knows that the organization will understand her need for a long holiday. Which of the following best represents Stintson's feeling?
high perceived organizational support
The selection process helps sustain the organization's culture by ________________.
hiring candidates who fit well within the organization
Which of the following determinants of behavior does organizational behavior study?
individuals
The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth is referred to as __________.
job involvement
According to the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) classification, people belonging to the judging type ________________.
prefer their world to be ordered
A team consists of employees from the same department who meet for a few hours each week to discuss ways of improving the work environment but they do not have the authority to unilaterally implement any of their suggestions. This is most likely to be a(n) ________ team.
problem-solving
When compared to individual decision making, group decision making has a disadvantage in the area of ________.
speed
Judging someone on the basis of one's perception of the group to which the person belongs is called ________.
stereotyping
Nike is using ________________ to perpetuate its organizational cultures when employees reminisce about the days when Oregon track star Steve Prefontaine worked to make running a professional sport.
stories
The option of working at home at least 2 days a week on a computer linked to the employer's office is termed as ________.
telecommuting
Organizational commitment is defined as __________.
the degree to which employees identify with the organization they work for and its goals and wishes to maintain membership in the organization
Alejandro is constantly annoying people in the office. He speaks his mind freely without taking into consideration how it will affect others, doesn't try to smile when he's in a bad mood, and can't understand why other people are upset with him. Alejandro's inability to be self-aware indicates that he has a very low ________.
emotional intelligence
An individual's involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the work he/she performs is known as __________.
employee engagement
Which of the following best represents deep-level similarity?
employees who seek challenges in assignments and liked to work collaboratively
Which of the following sources of increasing self efficacy involves gaining relevant experience with a particular task or job?
enactive mastery
_______________ is the study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.
Anthropology
True or False: Subcultures act to undermine the dominant culture.
False
Jim is a salaried employee whose job is to develop content for online Web sites. He discovers that he is paid substantially more than his colleagues even though their jobs and levels of performance are very similar. According to the equity theory, what impact is this discovery most likely to have on his behavior and performance?
He will increase his productivity and/or the overall quality of his work
Which of the following statements is true regarding job rotation?
It decreases productivity in the short run
Which of the following most likely indicates surface-level similarity?
Jane and Sara grew up in the same town and went to school together
______________ refers to feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that lack contextual stimulus.
Mood
Which of the following statements best describes the difference between organizational culture and job satisfaction?
Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative
Which of the following statements is true regarding goal-setting theory?
People do better when they get feedback on how well they are progressing toward their goals, because it helps identify discrepancies between what they have done and what they want to do. Self-generated feedback — with which employees are able to monitor their own progress — is more powerful than externally generated feedback.
Which of the following statements is true about personality?
Personality is influenced by hereditary factors
Which of the following is the highest level need in Maslow's theory?
Self-actualization
_____________ typically contain narratives about the organization's founders, rule breaking, and reactions to past mistakes.
Stories
What is the first step in the rational decision-making model?
defining the problem
Which of the following is true regarding technical skills?
They encompass the ability to apply specialized knowledge
True or False: A drawback of self support surveys is the level of accuracy
True
True or False: An organization is a consciously coordinated social unit composed of two or more people.
True
True or False: The "shared meaning" aspect of culture makes it a potent device for guiding and shaping behavior.
True
True or False: The planning function involves defining an organization's goals and establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals.
True
_____________ are indicators of a strong organizational culture.
Widely shared values
Thurman Inc., a manufacturing company in Vermont, needs to hire employees for its new office in the city. The positions require the employees to travel across the country regularly. The management has specified that they are looking for employees below the age of 40 who are young and dynamic. Which of the following beliefs is the management most likely to hold?
Younger workers are more flexible to change
Which of the following statements is true regarding an organization's culture?
a dominant culture expresses the core values shared by a majority of the organization's members
Which dimension of the Big Five model refers to an individual's propensity to defer to others?
agreeableness
Which of the following is one of the five essentially universal emotions agreed on by a majority of researchers?
anger
Abigail Jones is a sales executive at Orbit Bank in Brussels. She is the best performer on her team and often gets the highest number of corporate accounts for the company. However, she feels that she does not get sufficient credit for her hard work. During lunch, she says to her colleague, "I have been getting the largest accounts for the bank for the past eight months. Yet, my manager never acknowledges the kind of effort I put in to get these accounts." Which component of attitude is being demonstrated by Jones?
cognitive component
When ________, the result is role conflict.
compliance with one role requirement may make it difficult to comply with another
According to the Attribution theory, if everyone who faces a similar situation responds in the same way, we can say that the behavior shows ___________________.
consensus
Attribution theory suggests that when we observe an individual's behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused. That determination, however, depends on three factors. Which of the following is one of these three factors?
consistency
Which of the following teams is more likely to be made up of employees from about the same hierarchical level but different work areas?
cross-functional
The practice of modifying one's true inner feelings based on display rules is known as ________.
deep acting
The equity theory's hypothesis has served as an important precursor to the study of ___________.
organizational justice
Sally Mitchell works as a manager at an environmental organization. She is currently working on a global warming project and decides what tasks related to creating awareness about the issue need to be done. In addition, she is also deciding which members of her team will work on engaging with the public and which will work on lobbying with the government. She is also assigning people as team members to ensure that tasks are undertaken on time. Which of the following categories of functions is Mitchell undertaking?
organizing
The management at Climate Action Development needs to recruit campaign managers for its Renewable Energy Project. They are looking for candidates who are assertive, extroverted, and who can tackle challenges head-on. Which of the following deep-level characteristics should they focus on to best help them recruit the right candidate for the job?
personality
Which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying one's hunger, thirst, and other bodily needs?
physiological
The supervisors of the production division of one of the branches of Georgia Mills have been informed of some irregularities noticed in inventory of raw materials by some trusted subordinates. To get a clearer picture, the supervisors had a quick meeting with the subordinates who reported the matter over lunch. The subordinates recommended rotating the schedule of employees who account for the incoming and used up stock so as to pinpoint the defaulting employee. The supervisors agreed that this was a good strategy but admitted that the matter must be escalated to the production manager before such a change can be implemented. They followed up this meeting with subsequent sessions to evaluate how the change worked. The supervisors and subordinates form a(n) ________ team in this scenario.
problem-solving
Problem solving teams can ________________.
provide recommendations after a discussion amongst department members
According to the Big Five Model, a highly conscientious person is most likely to be ________.
responsible, organized, dependable
Most people assume that police officers should behave in a lawful manner, refrain from demonstrating favoritism to any particular group, and do their best to uphold the law. Which of the following terms best represents these beliefs?
role expectation
Janice Cooper has recently joined a hospital as a part of the internship program prescribed by the nursing school she attends. Janice, who was inspired to take up this profession by the story of Florence Nightingale, has very strong ideals about how she should behave as a nurse. She feels that as a nurse she must be gentle, pleasant, and caring at all times so she can serve her patients well, and she often goes to great lengths as an intern by putting in extra hours at the hospital and so on. The scenario reflects Janice's ________.
role perception
Which of the following theories proposes that people prefer to feel that they have control over their actions, so anything that makes a previously enjoyed task feel more like an obligation than a freely chosen activity will undermine motivation
self-determination theory
Jane Allen, a campaign manager at a non-profit organization, often takes full credit for project successes even when her team members' contributions play a big role in achieving milestones. However, when projects receive setbacks, she blames her team members and sometimes states that the situation was beyond her control. Allen's behavior is an example of a(n) ________ bias.
self-serving
Which of the following terms indicates the tendency of individuals to spend less effort while working collectively?
social loafing
An aircraft manufacturer with a strong presence in the United States, is looking to expand its market overseas. The firm currently sells its aircraft to several airlines in the United Kingdom, but now wants to establish manufacturing units there as well in order to acquire a bigger share in the European market. Hence, it plans to merge with QueenAir, a British aircraft manufacturer. Which of the following, if true, would weaken the company's decision to merge with QueenAir?
there is a striking difference in the organizational cultures of the two firms
One of the sources of self-efficacy is ________, becoming more confident because you see someone else doing the task.
vicarious modeling
The ____________ response includes actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions, including suggesting improvements, discussing problems with superiors, and undertaking some forms of union activity.
voice
