OS Midterm

Each folder and file on an NTFS volume has an associated table of users and/or groups and their permissions. What is this table called?

Access Control List (ACL)

On a Windows 10 system with a touch screen what opens when you swipe in from the right side of the screen?

Action Center

Which of the following is mandatory and occurs early in the installation of a retail edition of Windows 10?

Activation

Your computer has been showing signs of a malware infection, and it started up in Safe Mode. Because your computer is not a member of an Active Directory domain, what powerful built-in account can you log on with to try to resolve the problem

Administrator

What type of malware collects information about the user's browsing habits in order to display advertisements targeted to that user?

Adware. This type of spyware may take the form of inline banners or pop-ups. Aside from being very annoying, clicking on one of these may trigger a pop-up download, installing malware.

During the Windows kernel loading phase, the kernel is loaded into memory from the location indicated in this file.

BCD

What is the name of the file containing a database that is loaded by the Windows boot loader program?

BCD

What version of UNIX came out of a California university, and carries the name of that campus?

BSD. This version of UNIX originated at the Berkeley campus or the University of California.

What is the biggest advantage of running Windows in Apple's Boot Camp multi-boot configuration rather than in a virtual machine on a macOS host?

Better performance

What macOS utility comes with the OS and is used to install Windows into a partition on a Mac rather than into a virtual machine

Bootcamp

What is the name of the Windows boot loader file?

Bootmgr

What term describes a group of networked computers infected with malware that forward information to other computers?

Botnet. Botnets can be created for either good or evil.

What type of threat points your browser's home page to a website you did not chose, and may even keep you from changing the browser's default home page?

Browser Hijacking. Some unscrupulous people do this so that their Website will register more visitors.

Which of the following choices is the Google OS installed by manufacturers on certain laptops, desktops, and tablet computers?

Chrome OS. The Google Chrome OS is installed by manufacturers on Chromebook laptops and Chromebox desktops

What installation type will you select from the Windows 7 Setup program in order to do a clean installation of Windows 7?

Custom

This describes a virtual environment into which you can install and run Windows or Linux

Desktop virtualization

This special file holds a secret key

Digital Certificate

Which Windows 7 Advanced Boot Options menu choice is not meant for desktop versions of Windows but for Windows server OSs in the role of domain controllers?

Directory Services Restore Mode

What term is used for a software bundle that includes the Linux kernel and additional software?

Distribution

If your computer is running Windows 10 Pro, Windows 10 Enterprise, or Windows 10 Education and it is joined to a Windows Server network, you will be required to sign in with this type of account

Domain

In the 1960s, a computer user would interact remotely with a mainframe or minicomputer using one of these.

Dumb Terminal. A dumb terminal was little more than a keyboard and display with a connection to a host computer (mainframe or minicomputer).

Click this icon early in the Windows 10 installation to have audio and visual aids to make Setup more accessible.

Ease of Access

By default, BitLocker Drive Encryption is turned on for the drive on which Windows is installed.

False

Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel

False, Windows NT was an entirely new operating system with a new kernel.

A computer that provides services to other computers over a network is a client

False. A computer that provides services "serves" its clients running on other computers.

If you do not provide a product key while installing a retail edition of Windows 7 it will not run

False. A product key for a retail edition of Windows 7 must be provided within 30 days of installing the OS. Therefore, if you do not provide it during installation, you will have time to install it later

Use a terminal client to connect to a terminal service that provides a fully configurable desktop virtual machine.

False. A terminal client connects to a partition on a server running terminal services, but a partition is not a virtual machine because the entire hardware and operating system environment are not part of the partition.

FileVault, a feature of some editions of Windows, allows you to encrypt an entire drive.

False. BitLocker Drive Encryption is the feature of Windows Vista, Windows 7, and Windows 8 that allows you to encrypt an entire drive, while FileVault is an encryption feature of OS X

By default, both the Guest account and the Administrator accounts are enabled.

False. By default both the Guest account and the Administrator account are disabled.

By default, Windows Update will automatically install all available updates for Windows 10, including Microsoft apps.

False. By default, Windows Update installs what it describes as important updates, which include security updates and updates to critical Windows components. It also installs upgrades, which include new features. Microsoft apps are not automatically updated, but the authors recommend turning on automatic updates for Microsoft apps

You cannot simultaneously run multiple virtual machines in a single hypervisor

False. If you have enough disk space and memory you can simultaneously run multiple virtual machines in a single hypervisor.

The logon phase is the simplest Windows startup phase, only involving the user logon/sign in.

False. Several things occur during this phase, in addition to loading the Windows Logon service, other services and programs start, and Windows initiates plug and play detection

All the hypervisors for Windows desktop hosts discussed in Chapter 3, Desktop Virtualization, are Type II hypervisors.

False. While most of the hypervisors used as examples in Chapter 3 are Type II hypervisors, the exception is Client Hyper-V on Windows 8

Windows Defender is free antivirus software included with Windows

False. Windows Defender is free anti-spyware software included with Windows 7. Microsoft provided a more capable free antivirus with later versions of Windows, giving that software the name Windows Defender.

You must add a payment option before you can download and install a free app from the Microsoft Store.

False. You can download and install a free app from the Microsoft Store without first selecting a payment option. However, you must configure a payment option for apps purchased through the Store

You need to reinstall Windows in order to modify system startup settings.

False. You can modify system startup several ways. The methods described in this learning outcome (6.2) include using System Properties or by directly editing BCD.

You do not need to install a driver for a network printer because it does not directly connect to your computer.

False. You need to install a print driver for any printer—local or network—so that each print job can be prepared for the printer using its unique features.

What feature allows Windows 10 to backup and restore versions of files?

File History

This term applies to a file that contains a hierarchy of registry keys and is also a part of the permanent registry

Hive

What can you use to release the mouse and keyboard from control of a virtual machine so that they are available for use in the host OS?

Host Key. The flip side of this is when you are working in the host OS and need to give control of the mouse and keyboard to a running virtual machine; in that case, since the VM is running within the host OS, simply move the pointer into the VM to give it control of these devices.

What utility allows you to create and configure virtual machines for the Microsoft hypervisor available in Windows 10?

Hyper-V Manager

During this phase of startup, the firmware bootstrap loader program uses hardware configuration settings stored in nonvolatile memory to determine what devices can start an OS and the order in which the system will search these devices.

Initial Startup

What was the first Apple computer with a GUI OS?

Lisa. This computer was not a commercial success because it lacked applications; it was overshadowed by another Apple computer that was released two years later.

What file system allows you to continue to add files to a CD or DVD disc after the initial burn if there is room on the disc?

Live File System

This Advanced Display Setting is normally turned off on a Windows 10 tablet, so that the device can detect and respond to an orientation change.

Lock rotation

What program was the killer app that helped make the IBM PC successful in the 1980's?

Lotus 1-2-3. This spreadsheet application ran on DOS and was introduced in 1983.

This early microcomputer predated the Apple II computer.

MITS Altair. Popular Electronics featured this computer in a cover story in 1975; the input was via switches and the output consisted of blinking lights

When burning files to a new optical disc, select this format if you plan to use the CD or DVD in a conventional CD or DVD player or an older Apple Mac or PC.

Mastered

Use this feature of your Microsoft account to group together other accounts as family and protect children via activity reporting, screen time limits, and content restrictions.

Microsoft Family. There is no sense having Parental Controls unless there is a less-capable user account (standard account type) to protect.

This is the central circuit board of a computer.

Motherboard

It is a good idea to install or enable one of these on your computer, even if your network has similar protection between it and other networks.

Personal Firewall. Threats can originate from other computers on your LAN, as well as from the Internet.

Take this action on an item that was automatically added to a program's jump list and it will remain in the list until you decide to remove it

Pin it

Use this type of program to guard against an especially annoying type of adware that appears in your browser and blocks the content you want to see

Popup blocker

While Windows 8.x had the Refresh Recovery option, which refreshes your PC while saving your personal files, Windows 10 has the equivalent of it as one of two options under ________

Reset Your PC

Use this feature of Device Manager when an updated device driver causes problems.

Roll Back Driver

What type of Windows registry object is shown as a top level folder in Regedit, contains one or more settings, and is at the top of one of five hierarchies?

Root Key

What CPU feature must be available and enabled on a computer before you can use Hyper-V in the Pro or Enterprise editions of Windows 8.x or Windows 10?

SLAT. This is Intel's term; AMD uses other terms for this feature.

A set of these should exist in both document form and software form for any organization.

Security policies

In addition to providing your Microsoft account credentials (email and password), what must you do before you can purchase your first app in the Windows Store?

Select payment option

Use one of these popular mobile devices for cellular voice communications, browsing the Internet, managing email, and many other functions.

Smartphone. Smartphones come in a wide range of types and capabilities

Full Control, Modify, Read and Execute, Read, and Write are the NTFS

Standard file permissions

Which of the following is among the symptoms of a possible malware infection?

Sudden computer shutdown

Create this and use it to boot up Windows in the event the OS fails completely and will not start up in any mode.

System Image

What Windows 10 feature lets you view all your open apps at once, improving on the Windows 7 Aero Flip 3D feature?

Task View

What OS function controls the focus (where the operating system's attention is at any given moment) and allows the user to move the focus from one application to another as the user brings it to the foreground?

Task management. This function gives the attention of the computer's resources to each task as the focus moves.

This term describes a dedicated terminal or software installed on a PC; it is used to connect to a server and work in a server-hosted environment.

Thin Client. The defining term here is "PC" because a thin client, while stripped down, is a PC capable of local processing, but it may lack standard components and peripherals, such as USB ports and CD/DVD drives

What type of malware is also a vector and gets its name from Virgil's famous epic poem, The Aeneid, which described how Greek warriors gained access to the City of Troy?

Trojan horse. In Homer's epic poem, The Iliad, the ancient Greek warriors gained access to the city of Troy by hiding in a large wooden horse presented as a gift to the City.

Use Aero Snap to quickly maximize a window.

True

Windows will warn you if you try to log on with the Caps Lock key turned on

True

When you access a Web page to pay for an online purchase, it should show HTTPS as the protocol in the address line.

True. HTTPS is Secure HTTP, which encrypts the communications between you and the e-commerce server through which you pay for your purchases.

The same security threats that attack other computers target mobile devices.

True. Like modern desktop OSs, mobile OSs are targeted by security threats and have many built-in security features to fend off those security threats.

The most controversial changes to Windows in Windows 8 were to the GUI.

True. This feature of Windows 8 is modeled on the Metro GUI introduced in Windows Phone 7.5.

This Windows 8.x and Windows 10 feature examines each of the system files required for the boot process before it loads into memory. If one appears to be altered, an unmodified version of the file is used.

Trusted Boot

What is the name of the Microsoft account feature that gives you a second layer of security when signing in with your account?

Two step verification

Which of the following creates a virtual machine within a host OS?

Typer II hypervisor

To which edition of Windows 7 can you upgrade from all the retail editions of Windows Vista?

Ultimate

What type of app will run on any Windows 10 device from PCs to tablets and smartphones?

Universal

The user communicates with the OS through this software layer.

User interface, This is one of the functions of an operating system.

Combine this technology with a firewall for a very safe way to connect two private networks over the Internet.

VPN

This feature of Windows 10, long available in Linux and OS X, allows you to organize your open apps within work spaces according to the tasks or projects you work on with each group of apps.

Virtual Desktop

What form of virtualization gives the participant a feeling of being present in a virtual time and space?

Virtual reality

When using the Hyper-V hypervisor, you must connect a virtual machine's network adapter to a/an ________ in order to access a network from that virtual machine.

Virtual switch

Which of the following is an Oracle virtualization product that works in several host OSs including Windows, Linux, and macOS?

VirtualBox. This hypervisor is free.

This application program was considered the killer app for the Apple II computer.

Visicalc. VisiCalc was the first widely successful spreadsheet application

What feature of the new Internet browser, Microsoft Edge, allows you to write or draw on a Web page, highlight items, erase your annotations, clip a portion of a page, and save the marked-up page?

Web Note

What utility will help you to move your data, e-mail, applications, and settings from your old Windows computer to your new Windows 7 computer?

Windows Easy Transfer (WET)

What file is the OS loader boot program?

Winload.exe

What type of network connection is indicated in the notification area by a network icon with five vertical bars in graduated sizes?

Wireless

Microsoft uses this technique to indicate that a device driver has passed Microsoft's test for compatibility.

driver signing

What would you enter in the Windows Run box to launch System Configuration?

msconfig