PA 460 TEST 2 CHAPTER 7

Logrolling by legislators often leads to

Porkbarrel Spending

Policies that are intended to govern the conduct of business are called

REGULATORY ( competitive regulatory and protective regulatory)

Policies that involve peak associations and that highest levels of government are called

Redistributive Policy

The Most visible and controversial types of polices are called

Redistributive Policy

Explain the difference between statute law and case law.

Statute Law: laws made by the legislature and signed by the governor. Most such laws are codified into state codes or statutes Case Law: Laws that are made as a result of judicial decisions and that influence future decisions.

Explain the difference between a substantive and a procedural policy.

Substantive policy: A policy that explains how the government will go about its policy goals in a particular area. Procedural policy: A policy that determines how the government's procedures- The way it goes about its work- are to be governed. The administrative procedures act is an example of a procedural policy; such policies can have a substantive influence on policies

Explain the difference between material and symbolic policies

Symbolic Policies - appeal to people's values without any resources or actual effort behind them ex. Dare, flag burning policies Material policies - policies that provide material (tangible) benefits to people

Explain what the book means when it that we should think of costs and benefits as arranged on continua, rather than as dichotomies.

adding up to a four cell matrix. it is difficult to link policies to actual benefits, but also illustrates that cost and benefits are much in the eye of the beholder as an accounting exercise.

Explain what a public policy is. Does a public policy have to be explicitly stated?

statement by government of what it intends to do or not to do, such as law, regulation, ruling, decision, or order, or combination of these. The lack of a definitive statement of policy may be evidence of an implicit policy.

There are usually no clear losers in distributive policies

False

According to Theodore Lowi, issues of national importance are more often debated than are the concerns of interest groups.

False

All regulations issued by agencies are approved by Congress before they are issued

False

Which of these levels of policy codification are in order, from most to least Visible

1. Constitutional 2. Statutory 3. Regulatory 4. Formal Record of Standard Operating Procedures 5. Subtle Changes in cognition, in emphasis on problems, etc

Protective regulatory policy

A type of policy that seeks to protect the public and consumers from market problems, such as deceptive advertising, faulty products, or negative externalities. (ex: pollution, consumer product safety, business fraud).

Policy typologies allow for the easy assignment of policies to different policy types, making analysis simpler.

False

Redistributive policy always redistributes benefits or rights from the wealthy to the poor

False

James Q. Wilson's policy typology arranges policies along which continua?

Benefits and Cost

The allocation of television and radio frequencies and the awarding of cable television franchises are examples of which policy type?

COMPETITIVE REGULATORY POLICIES

The ability to make regulations means that executive branch agencies‟ powers are largely unchecked

False

Which of the following is an example of a policy type?

Distributive, Regulatory Redistributive

Which term below are the classic three policy categories of Theodore Lowi?

Distributive, redistributive, and regulatory

Explain the differences between distributive, redistributive, and regulatory policies

Distributive: Grant some benefits to a particular interest group or other small, well defined group Redistributive: Give benefits to one group while seeming to impose a discernible cost on another group Regulatory: Policies intended to govern the conduct of business

Classifying policies as either liberal or conservative is:

Hard. (pg.224) conservatives prize individual liberty, yet often propose more stringent anticrime measures than liberals. Liberals expect government initiatives to solve problems, yet are often the most concerned with government incursions on privacy and liberty. therefore, it is quite HARD to characterize a policy as merely liberal or conservative,. Is common in everyday discussion of politics. These terms tend to carry with them positive or negative connotations

The phenomenon that involves members of a legislature agreeing to vote for each other‟s spending bills is known as _____________

Logrolling

Explain why the Federal Register is important in the policy process.

Many pages of the Federal Register are devoted to summarizing the comments made during the public comment period. To an extent that the Federal Register is a measure of the transparency of government, one can argue that the publication of fewer pages in the Federal Register might reflect less transparency, which would have substantive meaning for public policy

Explain why theorists have created policy typologies

To explain policy outcomes by explaining and predicting key aspects of the politics underlying these policies. We suspect that some policies will involve more groups in their formation and enactment, will see more conflict before and after enactment, and will be more visible than other types of policies. To predict what sort of politics will accompany particular kinds of policies, for a given proposal about what government should do or not do, should be able to predict who will participate and what the nature of conflict will be.

Both tangible and intangible resources are at issue in debates over redistributive policies

True

Congress possesses the expertise to draft the technical details of most public policies

True

Distributive policies are the least controversial

True

Policies that do not make any substantive changes to the law or policy outcomes are called symbolic policies

True

Policy typologies, if well-constructed, can help us explain and predict what sort of political conflict will accompany policy debates.

True

Regulatory agencies sometimes make policies that are opposed by some members of Congress

True

The Federal Register is most often read by those who have a direct and technical interest in public policy

True

The lowest level government workers make public policy through their daily work

True

There are usually no clear losers in redistributive policies

True

Explain why the "constitutional:" level of policy is a much more visible form of policy than other forms of policy, such as statutes or regulations.

because it is the basic law of the land, and changing it is no trivial matter. To amend it, takes 2/3 each of the house and senate must vote for the amendment, and then three-quarters of the state legislatures must ratify the proposed amendment. With this many states involved, the process is very visible.

Explain why distributive policy receives so little attention compared with other types of policies

because of the actual or assumed benefits to particular people without any counter groups seeking to stop spending, that is why there is little conflict. Because no one is opposing

The daily newspaper of federal regulatory activity is called the

federal register

An example of a public good

national defense, police services

In what ways is Wilson's cost/benefit policy typology similar to Lowi's typology

policy types and their connections to issue networks or sub governments.