PATH 370- Quiz 2
Which type of leukemia primarily affects children?
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
Which form of leukemia demonstrates the presence of the Philadelphia chromosome?
CML (chronic myeloid leukemia)
(T/F) The anemia resulting from a deficiency of either vitamin B 12 (cobalamin) or folate is caused by a disruption in DNA synthesis of the blast cells in the bone marrow that produces very large abnormal bone marrow cells called megaloblasts.
True
(T/F) The liver is responsible for the synthesis of coagulation factors, with the exception of part of VIII.
True
(T/F) The only known curative treatment for CML is allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a suitable donor.
True
(T/F) Two of the most serious oncology emergencies associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma are obstruction of the superior vena cava and compression of the spinal cord.
True
The Philadelphia chromosome is a balanced chromosome translocation that forms a new gene called
bcr-abl
Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as
bicarbonate ion
Velocity of blood flow is measured in
centimeters per second
A cause of thrombocytopenia includes
chemotherapy
The final step in clot formation is
clot retraction
Patients with immunodeficiency disorders are usually first identified because they
develop recurrent infections
Widespread activation of the clotting cascade secondary to massive trauma is called
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is
erythropoietin administration
The prothrombin time (PT) and INR (international normalized ratio) measure the integrity of
extrinsic pathway
Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body, because they
have no cytoplasmic organelles
Risk factors for atherosclerosis include
hyperlipidemia
The effects of histamine release include
increased vascular permeability
Venous obstruction leads to edema because it ________ pressure.
increases capillary hydrostatic
Disseminated intravascular coagulation may be treated with heparin therapy to
inhibit clotting factor consumption
Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of
intrinsic factor
The primary source of erythropoietin is provided by the
kidney
Which causes vasoconstriction?
norepinephrine
A deficiency of von Willebrand factor impairs
platelet adhesion to injured tissue
The goal of long term heparin for the management of a deep vein thrombosis is to
prevent further clot formation
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is
selective IgA
Autologous stem cell transplantation is a procedure in which
stem cells are harvested from the patient and then returned to the same patient
A newborn has melena, bleeding from the umbilicus, and hematuria. The newborn most likely experiencing
vitamin K deficiency bleeding
In general, the best prognosis for long-term disease-free survival occurs with
ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)
A commonly ingested substance associated with prolongation of the bleeding time is
Aspirin
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is
Bence Jones proteins in the urine
Burkitt lymphoma is most closely associated with
Epstein-Barr virus
Treatment for hemophilia A includes
Factor VIII replacement
(T/F) Vaccination for pneumococcal pneumonia should be performed before 1 year of age in patients with sickle cell anemia.
False
Which disorder is considered a primary immunodeficiency disease?
HIV/AIDS
A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops glomerulonephritis. This is most likely a type _____ hypersensitivity reaction.
III
Which group of clinical findings describes the typical presentation of ALL (acute lymphoid leukemia)?
Pain in long bones, infection, fever, bruising
What laboratory finding is usually found in aplastic anemia?
Pancytopenia
The relationship of blood flow (Q), resistance (R), and pressure (P) in a vessel can be expressed by which equation?
Q=P/R
What is the effect on resistance if the radius of a vessel is halved?
Resistance increases by a factor of 16