Patho Exam ? Ch 45

Eat a diet low in simple sugars and high in protein.

1. A client who has been diagnosed with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) asks if there is anything to help alleviate the symptoms. The best response would be: Limit activities and maintain bed rest as necessary. Eat a diet low in simple sugars and high in protein. Increase intake of caffeine products during this period. Decrease intake of fluids to reduce fluid retention.

Transformation zone

10. A sexually active 22-year-old woman is visiting her nurse practitioner for a yearly physical. The nurse is performing a Pap smear to assess the potential of cervical cancer. When focusing on the region most susceptible to cancerous transformation, the nurse should prioritize which area? Transformation zone Exocervix Endometrium Endocervix

Atypical cellular cervix changes

11. A 29-year-old client had a Papanicolaou smear performed during her most recent visit to her primary care provider. This diagnostic procedure aims to identify: Lesions at the transformation zone Atypical cervix cellular changes Cervical polyps Human papillomavirus (HPV) antibodies

Premenstrual pain Pelvic pain Back pain

12. A client has been diagnosed with endometriosis. What assessment finding does the nurse expect? Select all that apply. Premenstrual pain Pelvic pain Referred chest pain Back pain Increased fertility

causing the vaginal environment to be more alkaline than normal

19. An adult client reports persistent vaginal irritation and recurrent infections. In her history the physician notices that she recently has been prescribed antibiotics for a respiratory infection and concludes that it has affected her normal flora by: inhibiting the normal inflammatory response in her vaginal epithelium. inhibiting the normal function of helper T cells. causing the vaginal environment to be more alkaline than normal. causing a loss of glycogen that provides energy to secretor cells of the vaginal wall.

Ivf

5. A female client with blocked fallopian tubes seeks assistance at a fertility clinic. Which assisted reproductive technology will bring the greatest chance for conception? Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) Artificial insemination Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) In vitro fertilization (IVF)

"Perform monthly self-breast exams after menses."

13. What should the nurse teach the client about assessing for possible breast cancer? "Have mammography yearly beginning at the time of menses." "Have an MRI every 6 months if you are high risk." "Perform monthly self-breast exams after menses." "There is no way for you to assess for this."

Multiple lymph channels

14. A client is diagnosed with vulvar carcinoma, which appears as an inconspicuous thickening of the skin resembling eczema or dermatitis and may produce few symptoms other than pruritus, local discomfort, and exudation. The nurse understands that the cancer metastasizes readily through which mode? Hair follicles Multiple lymph channels Pores that are close together Vaginal flora

Cervical

15. There are many cancers of the female reproductive system. The nursing student knows that the most readily detected and most easily cured cancer—if detected early—is: Cervical Vulvar Vaginal Ovarian

Providing pain control; preparing the client for a laparoscopic procedure or hysterectomy

16. A nurse who works on a urology-gynecology ward of a hospital is coming on shift and will be caring for a 34-year-old woman who has been admitted overnight for the treatment of endometriosis. Which interventions should the nurse most realistically anticipate providing over the course of the shift and the next several days? Assisting with a Pap smear; administration of high-dose corticosteroids Administration of packed red blood cells to compensate for low hemoglobin; administering hormone therapy Providing pain control; preparing the client for a laparoscopic procedure or hysterectomy Administration of male androgens to minimize endometrial hyperplasia; facilitating a dilation and curettage

Teach the client to do pelvic floor exercises

17. A female client reports to the health care provider that she has noticed a release of urine when she laughs or sneezes. Which interventions should the provider implement first? Teach the client to do pelvic floor exercises Provide information about the estrogen ring Insert a Foley catheter to measure daily output Refer the client to a surgeon

Ibuprofen

18. In primary dysmenorrhea, when contraception is not desired, what is the treatment of choice? Acetaminophen Metformic acid Ibuprofen Aspirin

Many women report premenstrual emotional or physical changes.

6. A woman reports to the primary healthcare provider that she experiences monthly changes before her menstrual cycle. Which statement demonstrates understanding of premenstrual disorders? Women with premenstrual molimina require initial hospitalization. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in young women is managed with modification of dietary habits. Many women report premenstrual emotional or physical changes. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is often the result of emotional instability in older women.

Pain, tenderness, and dyspareunia

7. A client has been diagnosed with a Bartholin gland cyst. The nurse expects the client may experience which symptoms if this becomes infected? Pain, dysphagia, and tenderness Pain, erythema, and dystonia Pain, tenderness, and dyspareunia Distention, hyperthermia, and dyspnea

Menstrual and fertility problems

8. The ovaries have a dual function. The nurse is able to explain to the client that any problems with the ovaries frequently cause which problem? Endocrine disorders and dyspareunia Dyspareunia and headaches Menstrual and fertility problems Menopause and fallopian tube failure

A 42-year-old

9. Which sexually active woman most likely faces the highest risk of developing an ectopic pregnancy? A 42-year-old who has decided to try to have one more child and has had her tubal ligation reversed A 27-year-old who stopped using medroxyprogesterone contraceptive injection several months ago A 22-year-old who has a history of anorexia nervosa and who has a body mass index (BMI) of 12.0 (normal BMI = 18.5-24.9) A 14-year-old who experienced menarche 2 years earlier

Human papillomavirus

2. When educating a group of teenagers about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the school nurse also mentions that cervical cancer has been associated with which viral infection? Chlamydia trachomatis Varicella zoster Human papillomavirus Herpes simplex

Gray-white plaques with an irregular surface

3. The nurse is caring for a client with lichen simplex chronicus. What assessment finding does the nurse expect? Painful urination Gray-white plaques with an irregular surface Black patches of skin Bleeding

A 42-year-old

4. A nurse who works in a fertility clinic is conducting a program on options for various fertility issues. The nurse judges that the participants understand the education when they identify that donor eggs are the best option for which woman? A 38-year-old A 42-year-old A 33-year-old A 28-year-old