Patho quiz 2

The "CURE" for cancer is defined as

a 5 year survival without recurrence after treatment

An adenoma may best be described as:

a benign tumor of glandular epithelial tissue

Which of the following best represents a malignant tumor?

a mass of cell with varying sizes, and nuclei with no defined borders

he process of carcinogenesis usually begins with

an irreversible change in the DNA of a cell

Bacteria with a rod shape are known as

bacilli

Chemotherapy usually involves a combination of drugs in order to:

be effective in more phases of the cell cycle

Prostate cancer is most likely to metastasize to which of the following tissue

bone

The most common dose-limiting factor for chemotherapy:

bone marrow suppression

The administration of a radioactive implant is commonly referred to as

brachytherapy

A drug that will kill both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is known as a ____________ antibiotic

broad spectrum

Treatment for malignant neoplasms generally targets

cells that are dividing very rapidly

Which of the following are treatments for cancer?

chemo, surgery, radiation therapy.

Which of the following types of surgeries utilizes corrosive paste/creams to remove the tumor?

chemosurgery

The period of disease progression where the infection has been contained and the pathogen is being eliminated from the body is known as

convalescence

Radiation therapy and chemotherapy leave cancer patients more susceptible to infection by

depressing bone marrow function

One reason for staging a tumor at the time of diagnosis is to:

determine the best treatment and the prognosis

A toxin that is released by dead, gram negative bacteria is known as a(n)

endotoxin

What would be an external source of ionizing radiation?

gamma rays delivered by a cobalt machine

Microbial mutation means?

genetic information and some microbial characteristics has changed

. Which of the following is a characteristic of a malignant tumor?

has both local and systemic effects

The term nosocomical infection means:

infection acquired in a hospital or medical facility

Palliative treatment

is used to provide relief from signs and symptoms

Which of the following would be the most critical adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy?

low white blood cell count (leukopenia) and low platelet count (thrombocytopenia)

The spreading of a neoplasm to a distant site through blood or lymphatic circulation is known as

metastasis

Tumor markers found circulating in the blood are

molecules secreted by tumors that are often found in circulation

A malignant tumor arising from bone tissue would be called a(n)

osteosarcoma

An abrupt and unexpected increase in the incidence of disease over multiple geographic areas around the world is known as a(n)

pandemic

The period of a disease in which symptoms first start to appear and are general in nature is known as the ____________ period.

prodromal

Anti- angiogenesis drugs would act on a malignant tumor by

reduce blood flow and nutrient supply to tumor cell

How do antiviral drugs act?

reducing the rate of viral replication

Which of the following is not a risk factor for cancer?

studying for pathophysiology quizzes

A warning sign of cancer could be any of the following except

sudden development of fever, nausea, and diarrhea

The transformation of normal cells into cancerous tumor cells

takes a long period of time

Which of the following is/are characteristics of a benign tumor?

the cells are slow growing, the tumor is encapsulated, contains differentiated cells.

The primary difference between stage 1 cancer and stage 2 cancer is

the involvement of lymph nodes

Cachexia is another term for

tissue wasting

Treatment for cancers generally utilizes several different methods including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. true or false?

true

A carrier that can transmit microorganisms from an animal reservoir to humans is known as a(n)

vector

The degree to which a microorganism can cause an infectious disease is referred to as

virulence

The common local effects of an expanding tumor mass includes: obstruction of a tube or duct anemia and weight loss cell necrosis and ulceration tumor markers in the circulation

1,3 obstruction and necrosis/ulceration.